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2021 Supreme(SC) 761

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
(From the High Court Of Judicature For Rajasthan At Jaipur)
M.R. SHAH, A.S. BOPANNA, JJ.
Neha Tyagi – Appellant
Versus
Lieutenant Colonel Deepak Tyagi – Respondent
Civil Appeal No. 6374 of 2021
Decided On : 01-12-2021

Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant(s) :Neela Gokhale, Ilam Paridi, Kushal Chaudhary, Anannya Ghosh, Advocates

IMPORTANT POINTS
(1) A dead marriage must be given a decent quietus.
(2) Whatever be dispute between husband and wife, a child should not be made to suffer – Liability and responsibility of father to maintain child continues till child/son attains age of majority.

Headnote:

Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 – Section 13 – Divorce – Cruelty and desertion by wife – There are concurrent findings recorded by Family Court as well as High Court on “cruelty” and “desertion” by appellant-wife, which as such are on appreciation of evidence on record – Appellant-wife made number of complaints against respondent-husband to his employer – Army Authorities making serious allegations of extra-marital affairs – On the basis of complaints made by appellant-wife, enquiry was initiated by Army Authorities and Army Authorities exonerated respondent-husband of allegation of extra-marital affairs – Considering fact that both, appellant-wife and respondent-husband are not staying together since May, 2011 and it can be said that there is irretrievable breakdown of marriage between them – Respondent-husband has already re-married – No useful purpose shall be served to further enter into merits of findings recorded by courts below on “cruelty” and “desertion” by appellant-wife – In facts and circumstances of case and in exercise of powers under Article 142 of Constitution of India, decree passed by Family Court, confirmed by High Court, dissolving marriage between appellant-wife and respondent-husband is not required to be interfered with on account of irretrievable breakdown of marriage – However, at the same time, respondent-husband cannot be absolved from his liability and responsibility to maintain his son till he attains age of majority – Whatever be dispute between husband and wife, a child should not be made to suffer – Liability and responsibility of father to maintain child continues till child/son attains age of majority – Respondent-husband directed to pay Rs.50,000/- per month with effect from December, 2019 to appellant-wife towards maintenance of son. (Paras 4, 5 and 6)

Facts of the case:

Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan at Jaipur passed in D.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 2845 of 2018, by which Division Bench of the High Court has dismissed the said appeal preferred by appellant herein and has confirmed the judgment and decree passed by Family Court dissolving the marriage between the appellant and the respondent on the ground of cruelty and desertion by the appellant herein, the original appellant-wife has preferred the present appeal.

Findings of Court:

appellant-mother is directed to furnish the bank details to the Army Authorities within a period of one week from today. It is further ordered that if the arrears @ Rs. 50,000/- per month commencing from December, 2019 till November, 2021, as ordered hereinabove is not paid by the respondent-father within a period of eight weeks from today, in that case, the recovery of arrears + monthly maintenance shall be worked out by the Army Authorities and the same shall be deducted in equal monthly instalments from the salary of the respondent-father, so as not to exceed 50% of the total monthly pay and allowances of respondent.

Result : Appeal disposed of with directions.

Judgement Key Points

What is the court's stance on irretrievable breakdown of marriage in dissolution where cruelty/desertion findings exist but marriage is dissolved?

What is the father's maintenance obligation for a minor child after divorce, and how is it to be enforced when the husband remarries and salary is involved?

What are the directions regarding payment of arrears and ongoing maintenance for the child Pranav, including method of payment and enforcement?


JUDGMENT :

M.R. SHAH, J.

1. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court of Judicature for Rajasthan at Jaipur passed in D.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 2845 of 2018, by which the Division Bench of the High Court has dismissed the said appeal preferred by the appellant herein and has confirmed the judgment and decree passed by the learned Family Court dissolving the marriage between the appellant and the respondent on the ground of cruelty and desertion by the appellant herein, the original appellant-wife has preferred the present appeal.

2. The facts leading to the present appeal in nutshell are as under:

    That the marriage between the appellant and the respondent was solemnised on 16.11.2005. That the respondent herein was serving as an Army Officer as Major. That out of the said wedlock, the appellant and the respondent had one son Pranav Tyagi who is aged 13 years presently being born on 23.2.2008. That the dispute arose between the husband and the wife. That the appellant-wife filed number of complaints against the respondent-husband before his employer-Army Authorities including the extra-marital affairs of the respondent-husband. An enquiry was initiated by the Army Authorities against the respondent-husband for extra-marital affairs on the basis of the complaints dated 29.09.2014 and 5.2.2015 made by the appellant-wife. In the enquiry, the respondent-husband was exonerated.

2.1 That the respondent-husband filed Case No. 1496/2016 against the appellant-wife before the learned Family Court, Jaipur on 25.11.2014 seeking a decree of divorce and dissolution of marriage on the ground of cruelty and desertion by the appellant-wife. That, in the meantime and since 2012, the Army Authorities were deducting 27.5% of the salary per month from the pay and allowances of the respondent-husband as per Section 90(1) of the Army Act, 1950. That by judgment and decree dated 19.05.2018, the learned Family Court passed a decree for dissolution of marriage between the appellant and the respondent on the ground of cruelty and desertion by the appellant-wife.

2.2 Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the judgment and decree passed by the learned Family Court dissolving the marriage between the appellant and the respondent, the appellant herein preferred an appeal before the High Court being D.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 2845/2018. By the impugned judgment and order, the High Court has dismissed the said appeal and has confirmed the judgment and decree passed by the learned family Court. Hence, the present appeal is at the instance of the appellant-wife.

3. We have heard Ms. Neela Gokhale, learned Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant. It is very unfortunate that though served, the respondent-husband has not appeared in the present appeal and it is reported that despite the order of status quo passed by this Court vide interim order dated 22.11.2019, the respondent-husband has re-married.

3.1 Number of submissions have been made by the learned Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant-wife on the findings recorded by the learned Family Court as well as the High Court on cruelty and desertion by the appellant-wife. It is also the case on behalf of the appellant-wife that subsequently and despite the order of status quo passed by this Court on 22.11.2019, the respondent-husband has re-married and that is why he is not appearing in the present proceedings.

3.2 It is urged on behalf of the appellant-wife that in the alternative, the findings against the appellant-wife on “cruelty” may be expunged and marriage may be continued to remain dissolved on account of irretrievable breakdown of marriage since both wife and husband are residing separately since May, 2011 and the respondent-husband has already re-married. However, it is submitted to direct the respondent-husband to pay maintenance to the appellant-wife and minor Son-Pranav as they have no means of maintaining themselves and h

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