SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
M.R. SHAH, B.V. NAGARATHNA, JJ.
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited – Appellant
Versus
M/s. Nemichand Damodardas and Another – Respondents
Civil Appeal No. 3478 of 2022
Decided On : 11-07-2022
Land Acquisition - Compensation - Ready Reckoner rates - [LAND ACQUISITION] - [Land Acquisition Act, Section 4(1), Section 23] - The court discussed the use of Ready Reckoner rates for determining compensation under the Land Acquisition Act. It held that the Ready Reckoner rates, which are for the purpose of collecting stamp duty and are uniform for all lands in the area, cannot be the basis for determining compensation. The court also emphasized the need to consider various factors such as location, area, and development status of the land when determining compensation.
Fact of the Case:
The lands owned by the respondents were acquired by the State Government for BSNL. The Land Acquisition Officer awarded compensation, which was later enhanced by the Reference Court. The High Court further increased the compensation based on Ready Reckoner rates, leading to an 800% increase from the original award.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court erred in relying solely on Ready Reckoner rates to enhance compensation, contrary to the binding decisions of the Supreme Court. The court emphasized that the market value of different lands varies and cannot be uniformly determined based on Ready Reckoner rates.
Issues: The main issue was whether the Ready Reckoner rates could be used as the basis for determining compensation under the Land Acquisition Act.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that Ready Reckoner rates, which are uniform for all lands in an area and used for collecting stamp duty, cannot be the sole basis for determining compensation. It emphasized the need to consider various factors such as location, area, and development status of the land when determining compensation.
Final Decision: The High Court's judgment was quashed, and the compensation determined by the Reference Court was restored. The appeal was allowed with no order as to costs.
JUDGMENT :
M.R. SHAH, J.
1. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court of Judicature at Bombay at Nagpur Bench in First Appeal No. 1302 of 2009 by which the High Court has partly allowed the said appeal preferred by the original owners/original claimants and has enhanced the amount of compensation for the lands acquired mainly relying upon the prevailing Ready Reckoner rates of the land, the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) has preferred the present appeal.
2. That the lands owned by the respondents herein-original landowners situated at Yavatmal, Maharashtra were acquired by the State Government under the provisions of the Land Acquisition Act for BSNL. The Land Acquisition Officer declared the award determining the total compensation @ Rs. 14,33,703/- (at Rs. 13.32 per sq. ft.). At the instance of the landowners, a reference was made to the Reference Court. The Reference Court enhanced the amount of compensation to Rs. 21/- per sq. ft.
2.1 In a further appeal to the High Court at the instance of the original claimants, by the impugned judgment and order, the High Court has enhanced the amount of compensation to Rs. 174/- per sq. ft. (more than 800% of the Reference Court compensation and about 1300% of the compensation awarded by the Land Acquisition Officer).
2.2 Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment and order passed by the High Court enhancing the amount of compensation to Rs. 174/- per sq. ft. BSNL has preferred the present appeal.
3. Shri R.D. Agrawala, learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of BSNL has vehemently submitted that the High Court has seriously erred in enhancing the amount of compensation solely relying upon the prevailing Ready Reckoner rates. It is submitted that the sole basis for more than 800% increase by the High Court is the prevailing Ready Reckoner rates of land, which as such is not permissible as held by this Court in the case of Jawajee Nagnatham vs. Revenue Divisional Officer, Adilabad, A.P. and Others, (1994) 4 SCC 595 and Krishi Utpadan Mandi Samiti, Sahaswan vs. Bipin Kumar, (2004) 2 SCC 283.
3.1 Learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant-BSNL has further submitted that in the facts and circumstances of the case, no reliance could have been placed on the Ready Reckoner as PW-3 a Government Officer specifically admitted that the actual rates of transaction of sales in market are different from the rates mentioned in the Ready Reckoner and that the correct market price is not reflected from the Ready Reckoner. It is submitted that PW3 further specifically admitted that the Ready Reckoner was prepared only for collecting stamp duty. It is submitted that therefore, the High Court has seriously erred in enhancing the amount of compensation solely relying upon the Ready Reckoner prices of the area in question.
3.2 It is further submitted by the learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant-BSNL that in the present case, the High Court has relied upon and/or considered the Full Bench decision of the Bombay High Court in the case of Shalini Vaman Godbole vs. Special Land Acquisition Officer, Special Unit, Solapur and Others, (2009) 5 Mah. L.J. 884 rather than not following the decisions of this Hon’ble Court in the case of Jawajee Nagnatham (supra) and Krishi Utpadan Mandi Samiti, Sahaswan (supra), which are binding on all Courts of the country under Article 141 of the Constitution of India.
3.3 Making above submissions and relying upon the above decisions, it is prayed to allow the present appeal.
4. Shri Sachin Patil, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the State has adopted the submissions made by the learned Senior Advocate appearing on behalf of the appellant-BSNL and submitted that the High Court has committed a serious error in awarding such an exorbitant compensation.
5. Present
Chimanlal Hargovinddas vs. Special Land Acquisition Officer, Poona and Another
Director of Survey-cum-LAO vs. Mohd. Ghouse
Gulzara Singh vs. State of Punjab
Jawajee Nagnatham vs. Revenue Divisional Officer, Adilabad, A.P. and Others
Krishi Utpadan Mandi Samiti, Sahaswan vs. Bipin Kumar
Lal Chand vs. Union of India and Another
Periyar and Pareekanni Rubbers Ltd. vs. State of Kerala
Special Land Acquisition Officer vs. T. Adhinarayan Setty
Sagar Cements Ltd. vs. State of A.P. (1989) 3 ALT 677 [Para 8]
Shalini Vaman Godbole vs. Special Land Acquisition Officer, Special Unit, Solapur and Others
Compensation for acquired land under the Land Acquisition Act cannot be determined solely on the basis of rates mentioned in the records/ documents issued by the Deputy Registrar, Registration and St....
Determination of market value must be based on credible evidence and prevailing conditions, as established in the relevant statutory framework.
The basic valuation register is not a definitive measure for market value under land acquisition laws; courts should rely on bona fide sale data for accurate compensation assessment.
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