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2025 Supreme(SC) 655

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
SANJIV KHANNA, CJI, SANJAY KUMAR, J.
T. Udaykumar – Appellant
Versus
Ravichandran and Others – Respondents
Civil Appeal Nos. 5414-5415 of 2010, Civil Appeal Nos. 5420-5422 of 2010, Civil Appeal Nos. 5423-5425 of 2010, Civil Appeal Nos. 5444-5445 of 2010, Civil Appeal No. 5437 of 2010
Decided On : 27-03-2025

Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant(s) : Mr. R. Padmanabhan, Sr. Adv. Mr. Arimardhan Sharma, Adv. Ms. Ruchi Arya, Adv. Mr. Pramod Dayal, AOR Ms. Mirinalini Ramesh, Adv. Mr. Rakesh Kumar, Adv. Mr. Kunal Prakash, Adv. Mr. Alok Kumar Pandey, Adv. Mr. Vikas Mehta, AOR Mr. Kartik Pandey, Adv. Mr. Ankit Vashisht, Adv. Mr. Abdul Hameed, Sr. Adv. Ms. Anshula Vijay Kumar Grover, AOR Ms. A. Sumathi, AOR Mr. Nagamuthu S., Sr. Adv. Mr. Shubham Saigal, AOR
For the Respondent(s): Mr. S. Thananjayan, AOR Mr. R. C. Kohli, AOR Mr. R. V. Kameshwaran, AOR Mr. Shashi Bhushan Kumar, AOR Ms. Neha Sharma, AOR Mr. Deeptakirti Verma, Adv. Ms. A. Sumathi, AOR Mr. Rakesh K. Sharma, AOR Mr. T. Harish Kumar, AOR Mr. R. Viduthalai, Sr. Adv. Mr. K. V. Jagdishvaran, Adv. Mr. Gandeepan, Adv. Ms. G. Indira, AOR Mr. Sabarish Subramanian, AOR Mr. Vinodh Kanna B., AOR Mr. Varun Singh, AOR Ms. Nalini Chidambaram, Sr. Adv. Ms. Anshula Vijay Kumar Grover, AOR

The court affirmed the Tamil Nadu Housing Board's ownership of land and upheld the rights of flat buyers, rejecting the appellant's claims based on invalid Patta documents.

Headnote:(A) Land Acquisition Act - Sections related to compensation and ownership - The court upheld the High Court's findings regarding the acquisition of land by the Tamil Nadu Housing Board, clarifying the correct area of land as 4.95 acres and addressing the validity of various Patta documents. (Paras 1, 2, 3, 6)

(B) Ownership and Rights - The court emphasized that the TNHB's actions contributed to the confusion over ownership and occupancy rights, allowing 54 flat buyers to retain possession while rejecting the appellant's claims for additional flats. (Paras 5, 9)

Facts of the case:
The case involved a dispute over land acquisition by the Tamil Nadu Housing Board, with the appellant claiming ownership based on a Ratification Deed and various Patta documents, which were ultimately deemed invalid. (Paras 1, 3, 6)

Findings of Court:
The court confirmed the area of land acquired, upheld the cancellation of Patta documents, and allowed flat buyers to retain their properties while addressing the TNHB's role in the situation. (Paras 2, 9)

Issues: The main issues included the correct area of land acquired, the validity of the Ratification Deed, and the rights of flat buyers versus the appellant's claims. (Paras 1, 3, 9)

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the TNHB's negligence contributed to the confusion over land ownership and affirmed the rights of innocent flat buyers while rejecting the appellant's claims for additional flats. (Paras 5, 9)

Result: Appeals disposed of.

ORDER :

1. Having heard the learned counsel for the parties at some length, we do not find any good ground and reason to interfere with the reasoning of the High Court and the findings recorded with regard to the acquisition of the land whereupon the Tamil Nadu Housing Board1 [For short “TNHB”] became the owner of the subject extent of 0.90 cents of land located in Survey No. 297/1 of Kodambakkam Village, Mambalam, Guindy Taluk, Chennai.

2. We would like to add that the confusion has probably arisen account of the incorrect mention of the total area of the acquired land in the order/judgment dated 13.03.1981 passed in CROP. No. 145/1976. In this order, by mistake, the extent of land has been written as 4.05 acres instead of 4.95 acres. It is clear to us, as the awarded compensation mentioned in the order dated 13.03.1981 is Rs. 62,209.82 (Rupees sixty two thousand three hundred nine and ninety two paisa only), the figure which matches with the amount of compensation payable to the then owners, S. Velu Mudaliar and Rajalakshmi Ammal.

3. Reliance placed by the appellant, T. Udaykumar, on the Ratification Deed dated 19.01.2004, in our opinion, does not carry weight because what was ratified thereunder were the sale deeds executed in the year 1996. This will be of no consequence, as the sellers were not the owners of the land in question.

4. This is so, once we reject the argument that the land acquired was not 4.05 acres. In fact, as held above, the total land acquired was 4.95 acres. We agree with the findings recorded by the Division Bench of the High Court with regard to the letter dated 19.01.2001, which has not been accepted.

5. Nevertheless, we must comment that the TNHB is also not blameless, as it not only allowed the land in question to be occupied but even gave permission for construction, as a result of which several flats were constructed, and as many as 54 flats have been sold to third parties, some of whom were impleaded as respondent Nos. 12 to 64 before the High Court.

6. In fact, the Revenue authority, obviously with the knowledge of the TNHB, had issued Patta dated 10.06.2004 in the name of the predecessors from whom, the appellant, T. Udaykumar, had purchased the property. This Patta was cancelled on 15.06.2006. We uphold the cancellation of the Patta dated 10.06.2004. Patta was also issued in favour of the appellant, T. Udaykumar, after he had purchased the rights from the erstwhile Patta holder, which too has been cancelled by the cancellation deed dated 15.06.2006.

7. This Court, while issuing notice in the present appeals, vide order dated 02.11.2007, had directed that the appellant, T. Udaykumar, shall deposit Rs. 5 crores within six weeks with the TNHB, without prejudice to his rights and contentions. This Court had also directed that, out of 58 flats constructed in the disputed properties, 54 of which were allotted to the purchasers, who had also filed appeals before this Court, they would be permitted to occupy the flats, subject to the condition that they would undertake to abide by the result of the appeals, and would not alienate or part with the possession of the respective flats. Another direction given by the same order was that the remaining four flats, which had not yet been allotted, should remain with the appellant, T. Udaykumar.

8. It is apparent that the appellant, T. Udaykumar, in violation of the order passed by this Court, allotted two out of the four flats to C.S. Jayaraman and Kalavalli Selvaraj. On a pointed question being put, it is accepted that payments for these two flats were received after the judgment of the High Court dated 05.10.2007 and the order of this Court dated 02.11.2007. We, therefore, reject the prayer for allotment of these two flats to the legal representatives or successors-in-interest of C.S. Jayaraman and Kalavalli Selvaraj. However, they are be at liberty to enforce their rights and claims against the appellant, T. Udaykumar, in accordance with law.

9. To balance out equ

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