SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2025 Supreme(SC) 1620

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Vikram Nath and Sandeep Mehta, JJ.
M/S. Uttam Rice Mill, Dhamtari – Appellant
Versus
M/S. Ashok Construction Company – Respondent
Civil Appeal No. 3787 of 2025 (@SLP (Civil) No. 25511 of 2024)
Decided on : 17-03-2025

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order XXI Rule 17, Order XXI Rule 106 - Execution proceedings - Respondent filed execution application after significant delay and failed to comply with court orders - High Court's order restoring execution proceedings set aside due to respondent's negligence and lack of diligence - Respondent allowed execution proceedings to lapse for over five years without action. (Paras 3-17)

(B) Diligence in Litigation - A litigant must be vigilant and prompt in pursuing their cause; failure to do so precludes equitable relief. (Paras 15, 16)

Facts of the case:
Appellant challenged the High Court's order restoring execution proceedings initiated by the respondent after the Execution Court dismissed them due to non-compliance with procedural requirements for over five years.

Findings of Court:
The court ruled that the respondent's lethargy in pursuing the claim disqualified them from equitable relief, justifying the appeal's allowance.

Issues: Whether the Execution Court correctly applied the provisions of the CPC and whether the respondent's conduct warranted restoration.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that a party not diligent in prosecution cannot claim equity, and hence the impugned order of the High Court was set aside.

Result: Appeal allowed.

Table of Content
1. background of execution proceedings and judicial decisions. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
2. arguments related to the application of procedural rules. (Para 9 , 13 , 14)
3. court's observations on diligence and conduct of the parties. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 15 , 16)
4. court's final decision and restoration of previous orders. (Para 17)
5. disposal of pending applications. (Para 18)

ORDER :

1. Leave granted.

2. The instant appeal has been preferred by the appellant-defendant against the order dated 26.06.2024 passed by the High Court of Chhattisgarh in M.A. No. 93 of 2019 wherein the High Court had allowed the miscellaneous appeal filed by the respondent-plaintiff and set aside the orders dated 19.04.2018 and 04.10.2019 passed by the Executing Court and essentially restored the execution proceedings initiated by the respondent.

3. Brief facts of the case are that the Trial Court, by its judgment and decree dated 26.08.2002, allowed the suit filed by the respondent herein and directed the appellant to pay Rs. 2,18,000/- (Rupees Two lakhs and eighteen thousand only) with interest from 02.09.1985 till the actual payment.

4. After a decade, i.e. on 26.09.2012, the respondent filed for execution of the aforesaid decree in Execution Application No. 16-B/2002 before the Executing Court. While notice had been issued to the appellant-defendant in the aforesaid Execution Application, the Executing Court had further directed the respondent to pay process fee as well as list of movable properties as mandated under Order XXI Rule 17 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 [CPC], for the purpose of issuing an attachment warrant against the judgment debtor.

5. However, the Execution Proceedings were then adjourned on various dates in between 30.01.2013 to 22.04.2018 for the same purpose. Finally, the Executing Court, vide order dated 19.04.2018, dismissed the aforesaid Execution Application on account of non-compliance by the respondent in furnishing the list of movable property for attachment, non-payment of process fee and not entering appearance in the proceedings for more than five years.

6. Thereafter, on 17.05.2019, after more than a year of the dismissal order, the respondent preferred an application under Order XXI Rule 106 of the CPC seeking restoration of the execution proceedings along with an application under Section 5 of the LIMITATION ACT , 1963 seeking condonation of delay in filing such an application.

7. The Executing Court, vide its order dated 04.10.2019, rejected the application preferred by the respondent on the sole ground that the application was not presented within the stipulated period of 30 days as mandated under Order XXI Rule 106(3) of the CPC.

8. Aggrieved by the aforesaid dismissal, the respondent preferred the Miscellaneous Appeal No.93 of 2019 before the High Court under Order XLIII Rule 1(ja) of the CPC challenging the order dated 04.10.2019.

9. The High Court, vide the impugned order, held that in the facts of the case, there was no question of invoking the power under Order XXI Rule 105 and 106 of the CPC by the Executing Court since the execution proceeding was dismissed in default and for non-payment of process fee for not furnishing the details for attachment of immovable property and, such proceeding cannot be restored by filing an application under Order XXI Rule 106 of the CPC as provision in Section 151 CPC is the only provision to consider such prayer. Therefore, it was held that the Executing Court committed illegality in applying Rule 106 of Order XXI of the CPC and not restoring the execution proceedings pending before it. As such, the orders dated 19.04.2018 and 04.10.2019 passed by the Executing Court were set aside and the High Court allowed the appeal preferred by the respondent.

10. Aggrieved by the impugned order, the appellant- judgment debtor is before us.

11. We have heard the learned counsel for the parties and perused the material on record.

12. While perusing the record of proce

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top