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2025 Supreme(Kar) 814

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU
H.P. SANDESH, J.
Sri. Mansoor @ Ismail - Appellant 
Vs.
State Of Karnataka - Respondent 
Criminal Appeal No.577 Of 2013
Decided On : 02-05-2025


Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Sri. Vinod Gowda, Advocate
For the Respondent: Smt. Rashmi Jadhav, Addl. SPP

In rape cases, conviction cannot solely rely on the uncorroborated testimony of the prosecutrix, especially when significant discrepancies and absence of physical evidence exist to support the claims.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 376 and 506 - Rape and criminal intimidation - Conviction of accused set aside on appeal due to inconsistencies in victim's testimony and lack of corroborative medical evidence - Absence of injuries on both victim and accused creates reasonable doubt regarding occurrence of the sexual act - Trial Court erred in convicting the accused based solely on prosecutrix's statement without corroboration - P.W.1, 2 and 3 establish there was animosity related to community disputes affecting credibility of witnesses. (Paras 1, 4, 25, 28, 30)

Facts of the case:
The victim, a minor, alleged she was raped by the appellant but evidence showed inconsistencies, including no immediate complaint filed and lack of physical injuries supporting the claim. Key witnesses had motives suggesting potential falsehood in allegations made. (Paras 1, 4, 25)

Findings of Court:
The Trial Court’s conviction was based on uncorroborated testimony; the appellate court found there was no reliable evidence to support the allegations of rape or intimidation, including significant delay in reporting. (Paras 30)

Issues: Whether the Trial Court erred in convicting based on insufficient medical and corroborative evidence and reliance solely on the prosecutrix's contradictory statements. (Paras 30)

Ratio Decidendi: The absence of corroborating medical evidence and credibility issues associated with the prosecutrix's testimony render the conviction unsafe; established legal principles dictate thorough examination of evidence in sexual assault cases necessitates corroboration. (Paras 28, 29)

Result: Criminal appeal allowed; the accused acquitted of all charges under Sections 376 and 506 IPC. (Paras 30)

Table of Content
1. factual background of the case (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
2. defendant's arguments against conviction (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
3. analysis of prosecution's evidence (Para 14 , 15)
4. court's detailed observation and reasoning against conviction (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)
5. conclusion and order of acquittal (Para 30)

JUDGMENT :

H.P. SANDESH, J.

Heard learned counsel for the appellant and learned Additional SPP for the respondent-State.

2. The factual matrix of the case of the prosecution is that the victim girl is daughter of P.Ws.2 and 3 and this appellant is known to family of the victim and residing in nearby locality. The victim was studying in 9th standard and is a minor. On 09.07.2011 at 1.30 p.m., victim returned to her house after the school and her parents and brothers were not in the house and she was alone. At about 1.45 p.m., the appellant came to her house and knocked the door and when she opened the door, accused returned the machete which he had taken from her father and came inside the house and embraced and kissed her and then he caught hold her hand and took her to bed room and gagged her mouth by putting cloth and made her to lie on the ground and committed forcible sexual intercourse against her will and without her consent. On 21.07.2011 night, victim was weeping and later, the parents of the victim came to know about the incident and on the next day, they lodged the complaint. The police registered the case in Crime No.155/2011, investigated the matter and filed the charge-sheet for the offence under Sections 376 and 506 IPC.

3. The accused was arrested and he was remanded to judicial custody and subsequently, he was released on bail. The accused did not plead guilty. Hence, the prosecution examined the witnesses as P.Ws.1 to 21 and got marked the documents as Exs.P1 to P18 and M.Os.1 to 6. On behalf of the defence also, four witnesses were examined as D.Ws.1 to 4 and got marked the documents as Exs.D1 to D7.

4. The Trial Court having considered the material available on record, convicted the accused and sentenced the accused for a period of ten years with fine of Rs.15,000/- for the offence under Section 376 IPC and sentenced to undergo imprisonment for a period of one year for the offence under Section 506 IPC. Being aggrieved by the judgment of conviction and sentence, the present criminal appeal is filed before this Court.

5. The main contention of learned counsel for the appellant is that Trial Court failed to consider the material on record and there are serious material irregularities and illegalities in appreciating the material evidence available on record. It is contended that evidence placed on record by the prosecution suffers from contradictions, improvements and omissions and the Trial Court ought to have given benefit of doubt in favour of the appellant. It is also contended that the Trial Court has failed to consider that there was ill-will between the parties of the victim and some of the muslim people with regard to the place where the victim and her parents were residing. It is contended that it is a sexual act, but no injuries was caused to her and no injuries on the accused and medical evidence is also very clear that no sign of subjecting her for sexual act and inspite of it, the Trial Court committed an error in convicting the accused. It is also contended that on the date of the alleged incident, he was attending the work and also produced Ex.D6-certificate issued by Offshore Infrastructure, wherein the appellant was working and plea of alibi was taken and examined the witness and the Trial Court committed an error in convicting the accused solely on the evidence of prosecutrix, her mother and brother, when other material on record clearly shows that appellant is an innocent. It is further contended that prosecution has failed to prove the age of the victim, though examined the Head Mistress and the same has not be

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