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2018 Supreme(Bom) 2492

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
S.C. Dharmadhikari, B.P. Colabawalla, JJ.
Katra Holdings Ltd - Appellant
Versus
Corsair Investments Ltd A Delaware Ltd - Respondent
Commercial Appeal No. 181 of 2017
Decided On : 31-10-2018

Advocates Appeared:
Rafique Dada, Adv., Ashish Kamat, Adv., Prateek Pai, Adv., Viraj Parikh, Adv., Amanjhol Anand, Adv., Aspi Chinoy, Adv., Ankita Singhania, Adv., Yuvraj Choksi, Adv., Shital Turukhia, Adv., Tushad Cooper, Adv., Parikshit Desai, Adv., Vikramsinh Yadav, Adv., M.S. Krishnan, Adv., Krishna Prasad R, Adv., Balasaheb Yewale, Adv., Chandrakant Mhadeshwar, Adv., Janak Dwarkadas, Adv., Abjijeet Desai, Adv.

Headnote:

Foreign Awards Act, 1961 - Section 9(b) - Securities Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 - Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 - Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 - Section 34, 37 and 31(3) - Limited Liability Company - Legal Submissions - Jurisdictional Aspect - Settlement Agreement - Challenges Judgment - Appellant challenges Judgment and Order (for short impugned order) passed by learned Single Judge in an Arbitration Petition filed under Section 34 of Arbitration and Conciliation Act 1996 (for short Act)- Petition came to be filed before learned Single Judge challenging award by which appellants claim against respondents was dismissed by Arbitral Tribunal - Arbitration Petition was dismissed by learned Single Judge only on a preliminary objection raised by respondents challenging jurisdiction of this Court - To put it in a nutshell jurisdiction of Court was challenged on ground that award being a foreign award and juridical seat of arbitration being outside India as well as law governing arbitration agreement being Foreign Law Part - Court of Act was impliedly excluded and therefore award could not be challenged under Section 34 of Act – Held, Court find that reliance placed by on decision of Supreme Court in case of NTPC Vs- Singer is also wholly misplaced - In fact this judgment of NTPC Vs- Singer was considered by Supreme Court in Reliance II wherein Court pointed out that case of NTPC Vs- Singer was decided in context of Section 9(b) of Foreign Awards Act 1961 which stipulates that award made in respect of contract governed by Indian Law would not be considered a foreign award- Supreme Court in Reliance II held that NTPC Vs- Singer was no longer applicable as it did not give effect to difference between substantive law of contract and law that governed arbitration - Supreme Court held that since s of Section 9(b) of Foreign Awards Act 1961 led to doctrine of concurrent jurisdiction 1996 Act while enacting Section 9(a) of repealed Foreign Awards Act 1961 (in Section 51 of 1996 Act) was careful enough to omit Section 9(b) of 1961 Act which excluded Foreign Awards Act 1961 from applying to any award made on arbitration agreements governed by Laws of India - Appeal is dismissed

JUDGMENT

B.P. Colabawalla, J. - Admit. The paper book is dispensed with. By consent of parties, the appeal is made returnable forthwith and heard finally.

2. By this appeal, the appellant challenges the Judgment and Order dated 15th September, 2017 (for short, the "impugned order") passed by the learned Single Judge (Hon''ble Mr. Justice K. R. Shriram) in an Arbitration Petition filed under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (for short "the Act"). The Petition came to be filed before the learned Single Judge, challenging the award dated 11th September, 2015 by which the appellant''s claim against the respondents was dismissed by the Arbitral Tribunal. The Arbitration Petition was dismissed by the learned Single Judge only on a preliminary objection raised by the respondents challenging the jurisdiction of this Court. To put it in a nutshell, the jurisdiction of the Court was challenged on the ground that the award being a foreign award and the juridical seat of arbitration being outside India as well as the law governing the arbitration agreement being Foreign Law, Part-I of the Act was impliedly excluded, and therefore, the award could not be challenged under Section 34 of the Act. Since, the preliminary objection was upheld by the learned Single Judge, there is no discussion to the challenge to the award on merits. Even before us, the only challenge that has been raised is with reference to the jurisdictional aspect, namely, whether the award passed by the Arbitral Tribunal could be challenged in this Court under Section 34 of the Act. Before we set out and deal with the legal submissions of the parties, it would be apposite to set out some bare and necessary facts.

3. The appellant is a limited liability company organized under the laws of the Republic of Mauritius and is inter alia engaged in the business of making investments. The appellant was the claimant before the Arbitral Tribunal and the Petitioner before the learned Single Judge. Respondent Nos.1 and 3 are limited liability companies constituted under the laws of the State of Delaware in the United States of America. Respondent No.2, Standard Chartered Bank (Mauritius) Ltd., is a company organized under the laws of the Republic of Mauritius. It is wholly owned by a company registered under the Laws of England and Wales - respondent No.5.

Respondent No.4 is a Standard Chartered PLC, a public limited Company registered under the Laws of England & Wales and respondent No.5 is the Standard Chartered Bank, an international banking company registered under the Laws of England & Wales. Respondent No.6 - Sub-continental Equities Ltd., is a company organized under the laws of Republic of Mauritius.

4. It is the case of the appellant that the appellant, respondent No.1 and respondent No.2 had entered into an Escrow and Transaction Settlement Agreement dated 12th May, 2007 (for short the "Escrow Agreement") primarily for the purpose of placing the equity shares of one Tamilnad Mercantile Bank Ltd. (for short "TMB") with purchasers who were compliant with the provisions of Indian Law, particularly the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (for short the "BR Act") and the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (for short the "FEMA, 1999") and the rules, regulations, notifications, circulars and guidelines issued thereunder. According to the appellant, under the Escrow Agreement, respondent Nos.1 and 2, acting in concert with respondent Nos.3 to 6, engaged in willful suppression, gross misrepresentation and perpetrated an egregious fraud on the appellant with the primary objective of defeating the sanctity of the Indian Laws which, according to the appellant, govern the Escrow Agreement. According to the appellant, the respondents circumvented the provisions of the BR Act, FEMA, the RBI Act, the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002, (for short the "PML Act") and the Securities Exchange Board of India Act, 1992 (for short the "SEBI Act"). In light of these alleged

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