IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
Sadhana S.Jadhav, Prithviraj K.Chavan, JJ.
Nurul Shamsul Haq Shah & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
State Of Maharashtra - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No.794, 788 of 2014
Decided On : 04-05-2022
Indian Penal Code - Offence under Section 302 - Summary of Acts and Sections: Indian Penal Code, Section 302 read with 34 - The court discussed the dying declaration, the testimonies of the eye-witnesses, and the forensic evidence. The judgment highlighted the discrepancies in the dying declaration, the lack of corroboration, and the inconsistencies in the testimonies of the witnesses. The court also emphasized the importance of close scrutiny of dying declarations and the need for corroborative evidence. The judgment ultimately acquitted the appellants due to the failure of the prosecution to prove the guilt of the accused beyond all reasonable doubts.
Fact of the Case:
The deceased was assaulted and succumbed to his injuries. The prosecution relied on the dying declaration and testimonies of eye-witnesses to establish the guilt of the accused. The defense argued that the accused were falsely implicated.
Finding of the Court:
The court found discrepancies in the dying declaration, inconsistencies in the testimonies of the witnesses, and lack of corroboration. The court concluded that the prosecution failed to prove the guilt of the accused beyond all reasonable doubts.
Issues: The issues revolved around the reliability of the dying declaration, the credibility of the witnesses, and the lack of corroborative evidence.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the need for close scrutiny of dying declarations, the importance of corroborative evidence, and the requirement for consistency in witness testimonies.
Final Decision: The impugned judgment and order of conviction were quashed and set aside, and the appellants were acquitted of the offence with which they were charged.
JUDGMENT
Prithviraj K.Chavan, J. - Feeling aggrieved with and dissatisfied by the impugned judgment and order of conviction passed by additional Sessions Judge, Greater Bombay, on 12th February, 2013, convicting the appellants of the offence punishable under Section 302 of Indian Penal Code and sentencing them to suffer life imprisonment, present appeals have been preferred.
2. Prosecution story goes like this.
i) Deceased Mohd. Yusuf Mohd. Shahid Shaikh (for short 'the deceased'), who was working as a labour on contract basis in 'Bisleri Company' , had been to andheri Sahar road near 'Gol Building' to watch 'Garba' dance on 13.10.2010 at about 9.30 pm along with his friends. While returning home at about 10.40 pm, he was accosted by accused No.1 Imtiyaz Mohd. Shahid Shaikh and his brother (original accused No.4) - juvenile in conflict with law and accused No. 2 Nurul Shamsul Haq Shah on a footpath of Nagori ajmeri Dairy. all of them picked up quarrel with the deceased on account of some previous dispute. Deceased was beaten by kicks and fists blows. Meanwhile, accused No.2 Nurul, by a telephonic message, called accused No.3 Mohd. Sahil Rabban Khan, who was a companion of one Nirmal Singh, a known bully. No sooner did accused No. 3 Mohd. Sahil Rabban Khan reached the spot, he whipped out a sharp edged weapon and inflicted its blows on the chest and stomach of the deceased. There was a lot of hue and cry. People in the vicinity gathered there. The assailants made their escape good from the spot. The deceased was admitted in Cooper hospital by his friend Mushtaq and neighbours. He was in I.C.U.
ii) PW 10 B.B.Rane, who was attached to Vile Parle police station as Police Inspector, upon receiving information about the assault, rushed to the Cooper hospital and recorded statement of the deceased in the presence of the Medical Officer. On the basis of the said statement, he registered a crime, vide CR No.578/2010 under Sections 307, 504 read with 34 of IPC. However, on 14.10.2020 around 21.30 hrs. the deceased succumbed to the injuries on his person. It is the case of the prosecution that at the time of recording his statement, the deceased had disclosed each of the assailants by naming them in particular to PW 10 Rane. The Investigating Officer conducted investigation into the crime. He visited the scene of occurrence. He drew a spot panchanama in the presence of panch witnesses. He had recorded the statements of the witnesses. Clothes on the person of the deceased, which were at the time of the incident, were seized under a panchanama. During the course of investigation, on the basis of a voluntary statement of accused No.3 Mohd. Sahil, had collected samples of blood-stained soil from the spot by drawing a panchanama (Exh.20). Meanwhile, deceased succumbed to the injuries and, therefore, Section 302 of IPC came to be added. The accused were arrested. During custody of accused No.3 Mohd. Sahil, pursuant to his voluntary statement, the weapon used in commission of the offence came to be recovered at his instance by drawing a panchanama under Section 27 of the Evidence act. The muddemal property was sent for chemical analysis to the forensic laboratory. after the investigation and as a result of investigation, charge sheet has been laid in the Court of 10th Metropolitan Magistrate, andheri against the four accused.
3. The learned Magistrate committed the case to the Court of Sessions as the offences were exclusively triable by the Court of Sessions.
4. all the accused were produced before the additional Sessions Judge on 20.12.2011.
5. Charge (Exh.-9) was framed under Section 302 read with 34 of IPC. It was read over and explained to each of the accused in vernacular, to which, they pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.
6. Defence, as emerged from the line of cross-examination as well as from their statements made under Section 313 of Cr.P.C., is that they have been falsely implicated in this case. No defence evidence has been adduced
K.Ramchandra Reddy and Anr. vs. Public Prosecutor - (1976) 3 SCC 618
Murder – Non-examination of Doctor who conducted autopsy on dead body of deceased and who prepared post-mortem report is not fatal to case of prosecution.
The court affirmed the conviction under Section 302 IPC based on credible eyewitness accounts and a reliable dying declaration, establishing the appellant's guilt beyond reasonable doubt.
Dying declarations can alone sustain a conviction if deemed reliable and made in a fit state of mind, without corroborative evidence being strictly necessary.
A dying declaration can serve as the sole basis for conviction if it is credible and corroborated, emphasizing its legal admissibility in murder cases.
The court relied on oral and documentary evidence to establish the guilt of the accused under Section 302 IPC.
The dying declaration made by the deceased was voluntarily made and in a conscious state of mind, and it was supported by witness testimonies, medical and forensic evidence, leading to the conviction....
The reliability and admissibility of dying declarations as evidence, the mental state of the deceased, and the sufficiency of evidence to establish guilt.
A dying declaration can serve as the sole basis for conviction if found trustworthy, supported by corroborative evidence.
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