IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
S.V. GANGAPURWALA, SANDEEP V. MARNE, JJ.
Kumar Shailendra Sinha & Ors. - Petitioners
Versus
Union of India, Department of Economic Affairs & Ors. - Respondents
Writ Petition No. 9615 of 2018
Decided On : 02-05-2023
Constitution of India,1950 - Article 14 - Challenging promotion order - Assessment sheet - Determine suitability of candidates - Admission or concession - Post-merit or seniority - Service were made eligible for promotion - Assess suitability - Whether seniority would be sole criteria for effecting promotions or whether merit can also be taken into consideration - Held, Judgment of Apex Court in in support of his contention that rules of game cannot be changed during currency of selection - Contention of Circular in which it was communicated to candidates that interview would be conducted for determining suitability has contended that the criteria of comparative assessment of merit of candidates was not made known to them by and that therefore Respondents could not have altered criteria of selection - There can be no dispute to proposition that rules of game cannot be changed once game begins - In present case however Petitioners are signatories to Terms of Understanding through their recognized Unions and they agreed to criteria of merit-cum-suitability and seniority for effecting promotions - Writ Petition Dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
Sandeep V. Marne, J.
1. Rule. Rule is made returnable forthwith. Heard finally with the consent of the learned Counsel for Petitioners and the learned Counsel for Respondents.
2. This Petition is filed by Petitioners challenging promotion order dated 20th January 2017 issued by Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Limited (SPMCIL) effecting promotions to E-2 level (Executive-2) posts. Petitioners are essentially aggrieved by the action of SPMCIL in effecting promotions to the E-2 level post by applying the criteria of merit. They seek grant of promotions to E-2 level posts on the basis of date of entry into S-2 level post. The short issue that therefore arises for our consideration in present case is about the method of effecting promotions to E-2 level post-merit or seniority.
3. Petitioners belong to Control cadre and Technical cadre of the erstwhile Currency Note Press and India Security Press at Nashik. Before formation of SPMCIL, there were 9 units of the Government of India engaged printing of security documents, minting of coins, etc viz. (1) Currency Note Press-Nashik, (2) Bank Note Press-Dewas, (3) India Security Press-Nasik, (4) Security Printing Press-Hyderabad, (5) Security Paper Mill-Hoshangabad, (6) India Govt. Mint-Calcutta, (7) India Govt. Mint-Mumbai, (8) India Govt. Mint-Hyderabad and (9) India Govt. Mint-Noida.
4. The Government of India merged the said 9 Units by corporatizing them and formed SPMCIL in the year 2006. Initially all the employees working in the said 9 Units were sent on deemed deputation pending settlement of their terms and conditions. A Tripartite Agreement/Memorandum of Settlement was effected between SPMCIL and representative Unions on 15 September 2008. This is how the employees and officers of the 9 units came to be absorbed in the Respondent-Corporation with effect from 1st November 2018.
5. In order to provide relief to Supervisors of the Respondent-Corporation holding substantive posts of S1 and S2, who had not received promotions and as per the understanding with the recognized Unions, a policy (Terms of Understanding) was executed between the Respondent Corporation and representatives of the recognized Unions. The same was approved by the Board of Directors of the Respondent-Corporation on 8 December 2015. Under those Terms of Understanding, a one time measure was adopted under which S-1 and S-2 level staff who had completed 15 and 20 years of service were made eligible for promotion to E-1 and E-2 level posts respectively in the Control and Technical cadre.
6. Accordingly, a Circular was issued by Respondent-Corporation on 15 May 2015 inviting applications from employees holding S1 and S-2 level posts for filling up 42 posts of E-1 and E-2 level. The Supervisors with 15 years’ experience were to be considered for E-1 level post whereas Supervisors with 20 years’ experience were to be considered for E-2 level posts. The Circular directed that interviews would be conducted to assess suitability of each employee in technical area. 42 posts were identified to be filled up with the caveat that the same were likely to be increased. Accordingly, several eligible employees submitted their applications in pursuance of the Circular. Petitioners also participated in selection for E-2 level posts. The Respondent-Corporation subjected the eligible candidates to interview. Merit list was prepared on the basis of marks obtained in the interview and accordingly promotion orders were effected. Petitioners are aggrieved by the exercise of comparative assessment undertaken by Respondents by conducting interviews. According to Petitioners, interview ought to have been held only for determining suitability and not for making comparative assessment. Petitioners are not selected for promotion on the basis of their performance in the interview and have accordingly filed present Petition challenging the promotion order dated 20th January 2017.
7. Appearing for Petitioners Mr. Walia the le
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SupremeToday
DPC has the authority to set a minimum benchmark for promotion criteria, balancing seniority and merit, as long as it does not conflict with statutory provisions.
Promotions must be based on seniority subject to fitness, not solely on merit or ACR grading, as per the applicable rules.
Promotion based on merit must be prioritized over seniority, requiring a comparative assessment of candidates' qualifications and service records.
Promotion from Class-IV to Junior Assistant follows seniority-cum-merit among those qualifying typing test at 30+ wpm; higher speeds do not justify superseding seniors absent rule prescription.
The principle of 'Merit-cum-Seniority' emphasizes merit assessment through a suitability test, allowing seniority to influence final promotions, as upheld by the Court.
The court established that the criteria for promotion can include unpublished guidelines and that the Chief Justice has the authority to determine suitability for promotion, which may extend beyond t....
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