IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY: NAGPUR BENCH : NAGPUR
G. A. SANAP, J.
Maheshkumar Hargovind Goyal – Petitioner
Versus
State of Maharashtra, through Police Station Officer and Ors. – Respondents
Criminal Writ Petition No. 502 Of 2022
Decided On : 29-03-2023
Constitution of India, 1950 - Article 227 - Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 173, (8), 169, 164, 190, 170 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 420, 465, 468, 471, 34 - Grant permission to Investigating Officer - Conduct further investigation - Challenge to order passed whereby learned Magistrate was pleased to grant permission to Investigating Officer to conduct further investigation and file supplementary charge-sheet against petitioner – Held, New Investigating Officer, seized with investigation thought it appropriate to conduct further investigation and take issue to a logical conclusion - Therefore, Investigating Officer not pressed application made by earlier Investigating Officer under Section 169 of Cr.P.C - Investigating Officer has been given prerogative to conduct fair investigation by law - It is apparent that Magistrate or Court has not been given powers to interfere in investigation - Even after setting aside impugned order passed by learned Magistrate, which has been found to be contrary to provisions of law, Investigating Officer has a right to carry out investigation - Investigating Officer can collect evidence and based on said evidence can file supplementary charge-sheet against accused no.7 by invoking Section 173, sub-section (8) of Cr.P.C – Court is of view that order passed by Magistrate is required to be set aside – Petition allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. RULE. Rule made returnable forthwith. Heard finally by consent of the learned advocates for the parties.
2. In this petition, filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India, challenge is to the order dated 07.06.2022, passed below Exh.80 by learned Judicial Magistrate, First Class, Court no.10, Nagpur, whereby learned Magistrate was pleased to grant permission to the Investigating Officer to conduct further investigation and file supplementary charge-sheet against the petitioner under Section 173 sub-Section (8) of the Code of Criminal Procedure (hereinafter referred to as “the Cr.P.C.” for short).
3. The facts giving rise to this petition are as follows :
The petitioner is accused no.7 in a crime bearing No. 343/2016, registered at Police Station, Wadi, Nagpur City, Nagpur for the offences punishable under Sections 420, 465, 468, 471 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code. The sum and substance of the case of the prosecution is that on 18.06.2016, the Tahsildar, Nagpur Gramin, lodged a report at Police Station, Wadi. In his report, he has stated that the owners of land bearing survey Nos.103/1 and 103/2, admeasuring 6.27 HR, namely the Directors of Ankur Estate Private Limited, through Kamalkishor Agrawal and Ankur Brijkishor Agrawal, created forged NA (non-agriculture) order by using the rubber stamp and making signature of the Collector. It is stated that the owners of the land i.e. accused nos.1 and 2, did not make any application for conversion of their land for NA purpose. A photocopy of the said forged NA order was submitted before the Talathi, who is later on made accused in the crime, by the petitioner/accused no.7. On the basis of the report, the Investigating Officer conducted investigation. The investigation inter-alia revealed the complicity of near about seven accused, including the petitioner, in commission of the crime.
4. The Investigating Officer on 14.05.2018 made an application under Section 169 of the Cr.P.C. before the learned Magistrate and submitted that the evidence against the petitioner/ accused no.7 is deficient and therefore, he is required to be released/ discharged in the crime. Learned Magistrate issued notice to the informant. The informant filed his say. This application remained pending for four years without any order.
5. The earlier Investigating Officer was changed in the year 2022. The newly appointed Investigating Officer, on 07.06.2022 not pressed the application dated 14.05.2018 made for release/ discharge of the petitioner/accused no.7 as per the provisions of Section 169 of the Cr.P.C. The application was disposed of as not pressed. Similarly, on the same day i.e. 07.06.2022, the Investigating Officer made an application (Exh.80) before the learned Magistrate and stated that the investigation vis-a-vis accused no.7 was not fairly conducted. He pointed out that there has been ample evidence against the petitioner/accused no.7. According to the Investigating Officer, accused no.7 had produced photocopy of forged NA order before the Talathi and based on the said order, mutation entry was carried out. The Investigating Officer, therefore, prayed for permission to conduct further investigation and to file supplementary charge-sheet by invoking section 173, sub-section (8) of the Cr.P.C. against the petitioner/accused no.7. Learned Magistrate, by order dated 07.06.2022 granted the prayer made by the Investigating Officer. The petitioner/accused no.7, being aggrieved by this order, has come before this Court by filing this petition.
6. The main grievance of the petitioner is that once the report under Section 169 of the Cr.P.C. was submitted and it was under consideration for four years, the learned Magistrate was not justified firstly, to allow the Investigating Officer to not press the earlier application, and secondly, to grant the prayer for carrying out further investigation and filing of supplementary charge-sheet against the petitioner.
7. I have heard Mr.
SupremeToday
The Magistrate cannot treat a case as a complaint after taking cognizance based on a charge-sheet; further investigation rights lie with the police.
The Magistrate cannot retroactively classify a case as a complaint after taking cognizance based on an investigation report, as further investigations are solely under the police's purview without re....
The Magistrate has the power to order further investigation even after cognizance is taken and accused appears, if the facts of the case demand so, in the interest of justice and to avoid miscarriage....
The investigation agency has the statutory right to conduct further investigation under Section 173(8) of the Code of Criminal Procedure without seeking permission from the Magistrate.
The police have the right to conduct further investigation after a charge sheet is filed without needing prior permission from the Magistrate.
The accused has no right to seek further investigation after a charge sheet is filed, and discrepancies in evidence are to be resolved at trial.
The trial Court has the discretion to permit further investigation without providing detailed reasons, and the need for further investigation can be justified based on the quality of previous investi....
A Magistrate cannot order further investigation after charges are framed; this power exists only at the pre-cognizance stage to ensure a fair investigation.
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