SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2023 Supreme(Bom) 475

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
ANUJA PRABHUDESSAI, J.
Girish Vinodchandra Dhruva – Appellant
Versus
Smt. Neena Paresh Shah – Respondent
First Appeal No. 1252 of 2013
Decided on : 12-06-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Mayur Khandeparkar a/w. Mr. Sanket Mungale
For the Respondent: Mr. Kevic Setalvad, Vatsal Shah, Mr. Chetan Mehta, Ms Vidhi Shah i/b. M/s. M.M.K. Law Associates for

Headnote:(A) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Sections 16(c) and 20 - Specific performance of contract - Suit for specific performance dismissed by the High Court on grounds of non-readiness of plaintiffs to perform contract - Time was essence of contract as evident from agreement terms - Plaintiffs failed to establish readiness and willingness to perform their obligations under the agreement - No sufficient proof of financial capacity or conduct to substantiate readiness - Appeal allowed and suit dismissed. (Paras 12, 66)

(B) Legal Principle - Time is considered essence in contracts involving immovable property unless specified otherwise - Plaintiffs must demonstrate continuous readiness and willingness to enforce specific performance. (Paras 26-27)

Table of Content
1. details of the sale agreement and initial proceedings. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
2. issues framed by the trial court. (Para 10 , 11)
3. trial court's findings on evidence. (Para 12 , 13)
4. arguments presented by the defendants. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22)
5. plaintiffs' counterarguments. (Para 23 , 24)
6. issues for the court's consideration. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)
7. assessment of whether time was of the essence. (Para 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35)
8. defendant's urgent need for sale and contract specifics. (Para 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
9. discussion on readiness and willingness to perform. (Para 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51)
10. lack of evidence for financial capability. (Para 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57)
11. discussion on the intention behind the letter. (Para 58 , 59 , 60)
12. conditions under which specific performance may be denied. (Para 61 , 62 , 63)
13. court's final order and judgment. (Para 64 , 65 , 66)

JUDGMENT :

1. The challenge in this Appeal is to the judgment and decree dated 07/08/2013 in Regular Civil Suit No.5732 of 2006. By the impugned judgment, the learned Judge, City Civil Court, Greater Bombay decreed the suit for specific performance and directed the Appellants herein to execute the sale deed in respect of the suit property in favour of the Respondent herein within a period of two months.

2. The brief facts necessary to decide this Appeal are as under :-

The Respondents were the Plaintiffs and the Appellants are the legal representatives of the original Defendant Vilasben Vinodchandra Dhruva, and shall be hereinafter referred to as ‘the Plaintiffs’ and the Defendants, respectively. The Plaintiffs are the residents of the United States of America. They were interested in purchasing a flat in Mumbai, preferably in a building, Jamuna Mahal, Prabhat Colony, Santacruz, wherein Mukesh Shah, the brother of the Plaintiff No.1, was residing. Vilasben Vinodchandra Dhruva, the original Defendant, owned flat No.304 on 3rd floor of Jamuna Mahal, which shall be hereinafter referred to as ‘the suit flat’. The original defendant expressed her desire to sell the suit flat. Accordingly, some time in February, 2005, during her visit to Mumbai, the Plaintiff No.1 visited the suit flat and pursuant to the negotiations, the Plaintiffs decided to purchase the suit flat for total sale consideration of Rs.41,75,000/-.

3. The Plaintiff No.1 had to leave for the United States, hence she requested her brother – Mukesh Shah to complete the remaining formalities. The Plaintiffs executed a power of attorney in favour of Mukesh Shah authorizing him to negotiate, execute documents and to perform all other acts and deeds necessary to complete the sale transaction. Accordingly, the Plaintiffs through their power of attorney and the original Defendant, entered into MoU dated 06/03/2005 for purchase of the suit flat for sale consideration of Rs.41,75,000/-. The Plaintiffs paid an amount of Rs.2,51,000/- to the original Defendant as an earnest money and the balance sale consideration was to be paid on or before 31/05/2005. The sale was to be completed on receipt of NOC and upon obtaining No Dues Certificate from the Housing Society, the Plaintiffs were required to pay the balance sale consideration and were to be put in possession of the suit flat.

4. The Plaintiffs claim that they had applied for housing loan from City Bank and were ready and willing to pay the balance amount and complete the sale on or before 31/05/2005. The Plaintiffs alleged that the Defendant was unable to obtain certificates from the Society and fulfill her obligation under the Agreement. Hence, by mutual consent, the date of execution of the sale deed was extended till 31/10/2005.

5. The Plaintiffs claim that they had forwarded copies of the documents to the advocate for the Defendant and repeatedly requested the Defendant to complete the sale. It is alleged that the Defendant avoided to complete t

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Judicial Analysis

AI

SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top