IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
ANUJA PRABHUDESSAI, J.
Girish Vinodchandra Dhruva – Appellant
Versus
Smt. Neena Paresh Shah – Respondent
First Appeal No. 1252 of 2013
Decided on : 12-06-2023
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. details of the sale agreement and initial proceedings. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9) |
| 2. issues framed by the trial court. (Para 10 , 11) |
| 3. trial court's findings on evidence. (Para 12 , 13) |
| 4. arguments presented by the defendants. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22) |
| 5. plaintiffs' counterarguments. (Para 23 , 24) |
| 6. issues for the court's consideration. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29) |
| 7. assessment of whether time was of the essence. (Para 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35) |
| 8. defendant's urgent need for sale and contract specifics. (Para 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42) |
| 9. discussion on readiness and willingness to perform. (Para 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51) |
| 10. lack of evidence for financial capability. (Para 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57) |
| 11. discussion on the intention behind the letter. (Para 58 , 59 , 60) |
| 12. conditions under which specific performance may be denied. (Para 61 , 62 , 63) |
| 13. court's final order and judgment. (Para 64 , 65 , 66) |
JUDGMENT :
1. The challenge in this Appeal is to the judgment and decree dated 07/08/2013 in Regular Civil Suit No.5732 of 2006. By the impugned judgment, the learned Judge, City Civil Court, Greater Bombay decreed the suit for specific performance and directed the Appellants herein to execute the sale deed in respect of the suit property in favour of the Respondent herein within a period of two months.
2. The brief facts necessary to decide this Appeal are as under :-
The Respondents were the Plaintiffs and the Appellants are the legal representatives of the original Defendant Vilasben Vinodchandra Dhruva, and shall be hereinafter referred to as ‘the Plaintiffs’ and the Defendants, respectively. The Plaintiffs are the residents of the United States of America. They were interested in purchasing a flat in Mumbai, preferably in a building, Jamuna Mahal, Prabhat Colony, Santacruz, wherein Mukesh Shah, the brother of the Plaintiff No.1, was residing. Vilasben Vinodchandra Dhruva, the original Defendant, owned flat No.304 on 3rd floor of Jamuna Mahal, which shall be hereinafter referred to as ‘the suit flat’. The original defendant expressed her desire to sell the suit flat. Accordingly, some time in February, 2005, during her visit to Mumbai, the Plaintiff No.1 visited the suit flat and pursuant to the negotiations, the Plaintiffs decided to purchase the suit flat for total sale consideration of Rs.41,75,000/-.
3. The Plaintiff No.1 had to leave for the United States, hence she requested her brother – Mukesh Shah to complete the remaining formalities. The Plaintiffs executed a power of attorney in favour of Mukesh Shah authorizing him to negotiate, execute documents and to perform all other acts and deeds necessary to complete the sale transaction. Accordingly, the Plaintiffs through their power of attorney and the original Defendant, entered into MoU dated 06/03/2005 for purchase of the suit flat for sale consideration of Rs.41,75,000/-. The Plaintiffs paid an amount of Rs.2,51,000/- to the original Defendant as an earnest money and the balance sale consideration was to be paid on or before 31/05/2005. The sale was to be completed on receipt of NOC and upon obtaining No Dues Certificate from the Housing Society, the Plaintiffs were required to pay the balance sale consideration and were to be put in possession of the suit flat.
4. The Plaintiffs claim that they had applied for housing loan from City Bank and were ready and willing to pay the balance amount and complete the sale on or before 31/05/2005. The Plaintiffs alleged that the Defendant was unable to obtain certificates from the Society and fulfill her obligation under the Agreement. Hence, by mutual consent, the date of execution of the sale deed was extended till 31/10/2005.
5. The Plaintiffs claim that they had forwarded copies of the documents to the advocate for the Defendant and repeatedly requested the Defendant to complete the sale. It is alleged that the Defendant avoided to complete t
A.C. Arulappan v. Smt. Ahalya Naik
Aniglase Yohannan v/s. Ramlatha and others (2005) 7 SCC 534
Ramathal v/s. Maruthathal and ors. (2018) 18 SCC 303
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation v/s. Virendra Kumar Jayantibhai Patel (1997) 6 SCC 650
Chand Rani (Smt.) dead by Lrs. v/s. Kamal Rani (Smt.) (dead) by Lrs. (1993) 1 SCC 519
His Holiness Acharya Swami Ganesh Dassji v. Sita Ram Thapar
Jayakantham and others vs. Abaykumar (2017) 5 SCC 178 in Civil Appeal 3049 of 2017
Janki Vashdeo Bhojwani and anr. v/s. IndusInd Bank Ltd. and others (2004) 3 SCC 584
K. Narendra v. Riviera Apartments (P) Ltd
K. Prakash v/s. B.R. Sampath Kumar (2015) 1 SCC 597
K.S. Vidyanadam and Others vs. Vairavan - (1997) 3 SCC 1
Man Kaur (Dead) by Lrs. v/s. Hartar Singh Sangha (2010) 10 SCC 512
Motor General Traders v. State of A.P. (1984) 1 SCC 222
Malpe Vishwanath Acharya v. State of Maharashtra - (1998) 2 SCC 1
Nandkishore Lalbhai Mehta v/s. New Era Fabrics Private Limited and others (2015) 9 SCC 755
Nanjappan v/s. Ramasamy and anr. (2015) 14 SCC 341
P. Daivasigamani vs. S. Sambandan
Parakunnan Veetill Joseph's Son Mathew v. Nedumbara Kuruvila's Son and Ors
Ritu Saxena v/s. J.S. Grover and another (2019) 9 SCC 132
R. Lakshmikantham v/s. Devaraji (2019) 8 SCC 62
Sardar Singh v. Krishna Devi and another
Swarnam Ramchandran (smt.) and another v/s. Aravacode Chakungal Jayapalan (2004) 8 SCC 689
Seethakathi Trust Madras v/s. Krishnaveni (2022) 3 SCC 150
Sayed Dastagir v/s. T.R. Gopalakrishna Setty (1999) 6 SCC 337
Saradamani Kandappan v/s. S. Rajalakshmi and ors. 2011 AIR (SC) 3234
Vidhyadhar v/s. Manikrao and anr. (1999) 3 SCC 573
Welspun Speciality Solutions Ltd. v/s. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (2022) 2 SCC 382
AI
(1) Power of attorney – Power of attorney holder is not competent to depose or give evidence in place of principal for acts done by principal or transactions or dealings of principal, of which princi....
The court affirmed that a plaintiff must demonstrate continuous readiness and willingness to perform a contract to be entitled to specific performance of the agreement; otherwise, claims may be dismi....
Time is of the essence of a contract if the parties have agreed that it is or if the circumstances of the case show that it is.
Agreement to Sell – In a suit for specific performance of agreement, it is for Plaintiff to prove his readiness and willingness to perform his obligations under the agreement – Where a certain amount....
The plaintiff was always ready and willing to perform her part of the contract, and the defendants failed to prove that the plaintiff lacked the financial capacity to pay the balance sale considerati....
(1) Specific performance of agreement of sale –Alternative plea of refund of earnest amount and damage could not be bar to claiming decree for specific Performance of contract.(2) Specific performanc....
(1) Specific performance – Ordinary rule is that specific performance should be granted – It ought to be denied only when equitable considerations point to its refusal and circumstances show that dam....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for the plaintiff to prove continuous readiness and willingness to perform the essential terms of the contract, as mandated by Sect....
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.