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2023 Supreme(Bom) 1891

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
Sandeep V. Marne, J.
Shri. Prashant Rambhau Pathare & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
Smt. Aparna Ashok Joshi & Ors. - Respondents
Appeal from Order No. 243 of 2021 with Interim Application No. 3463 of 2020 with Interim Application No. 17331 of 2022
Decided On : 16-10-2023

Advocates appeared:
Mr. Drupad S. Patil a/w Mr. B.G. Ligade, for Appellants/Applicants.; Mr. S.S. Panchpor a/w Mr. S.S. Natu, Mr. G.D. Tamboli i/by Mr. Ankit Dhindale for Respondent Nos.1 to 3. Mr. Bhushan Walimbe, for Respondent Nos. 4 to 6.

IMPORTANT POINT
A plaintiff seeking a temporary injunction in a suit for specific performance must demonstrate a strong prima facie case, establish irreparable injury, and show that the balance of convenience favors granting the injunction; inconsistency in claims can undermine the request for such relief.

Headnote:

INJUNCTION - TEMPORARY INJUNCTION IN SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE CASE - SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT, 1963, SECTIONS 36, 37; CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE - The court discussed the discretionary nature of temporary injunctions under the Specific Relief Act, emphasizing that a plaintiff must establish a strong prima facie case, demonstrate irreparable injury, and show that the balance of convenience favors granting the injunction. The court highlighted the importance of consistency in the plaintiff's claims and the need for a clear link between payments and the agreement for sale, ultimately concluding that the trial court's rejection of the injunction was justified.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiffs filed a suit for specific performance of an agreement for sale of certain flats and a shop, claiming they had paid the full consideration of Rs. 1,73,00,000/- in 2013. They sought a temporary injunction to prevent the defendants from creating third-party rights in the properties. The trial court rejected their application, leading to this appeal.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the plaintiffs failed to establish a prima facie case linking their payments to the agreement for sale. The trial court's conclusion that the plaintiffs did not provide sufficient evidence of payment was upheld, and the plaintiffs' inconsistent claims weakened their position.

Issues: Whether the plaintiffs established a prima facie case for granting a temporary injunction and whether the trial court erred in its discretion to deny the injunction.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that the grant of a temporary injunction is a discretionary relief that requires a strong prima facie case, proof of irreparable injury, and a favorable balance of convenience. The plaintiffs' inconsistent claims and failure to link payments to the agreement for sale were critical in denying the injunction.

Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, affirming the trial court's decision to reject the application for temporary injunction without any order as to costs.

JUDGMENT

1. This Appeal is filed challenging Order dated 16 January 2020 passed by the Civil Judge Senior Division, Pune rejecting application filed by Appellants/Plaintiffs for grant of temporary injunction. Appellants/Plaintiffs have instituted Special Civil Suit No. 875 of 2018 seeking specific performance of Agreement for Sale, possession of suit property as well as challenging Deed of Assignment dated 16 May 2018 executed by Defendant Nos. 1 to 3 in favour of Defendant No.4 to 6. Plaintiffs have also prayed for alternate relief of refund of consideration of amount of Rs. 1,73,00,000/- along with interest and compensation. It is Plaintiffs' case that late Ashok Vasudeo Joshi, Defendant No.1-Aparna Ashok Joshi and Defendant No.2-Amit Ashok Joshi executed an Agreement for Sale dated 7 July 2017 in their favour by which they agreed to sale Flat Nos. 2, 4, 6 and Shop No.7 for consideration of Rs. 1,73,00,000/-. That the entire amount of consideration of Rs. 1,73,00,000/-was already paid to them in the year 2013 itself. Instead of executing a Sale Deed in pursuance of that agreement, Defendant Nos.1 to 3 sold Flat No. 6 and Shop No. 7 in favour of Defendant Nos. 4 to 6. In the Suit, Plaintiffs filed application for temporary injunction to restrain Defendant Nos.1 to 3 from creating third party rights in respect of Flat Nos. 2 & 4 as well as to restrain Defendant Nos.4 to 6 from creating third party rights in respect of Flat No.6 and Shop No.7. The Trial Court has proceeded to reject the application by impugned order dated 16 January 2020.

2. I have heard Mr. Patil, the learned counsel appearing for Appellants. He would submit that the Trial Court has erroneously arrived at a conclusion that Plaintiffs did not place on record any documentary evidence in respect of payment of amount of Rs. 1,73,00,000/-. He would invite my attention to the agreement, which refers to cheque numbers in respect of various amounts totaling Rs. 1,73,00,000/-. He would also invite my attention to the bank statement to show that the said cheques have been encashed and the amounts are transferred in the accounts of the Defendant Nos.1 to 3. He would submit that since the entire amount of consideration is already paid to Defendant Nos.1 to 3, the minimum relief that Plaintiffs could expect from the Trial Court was an order of temporary injunction to restrain both the sets of Defendants from creating third party rights in respect of their respective flats. He would submit that though the injunction was refused on 16 January 2020, this Court has granted ad-interim relief in terms of prayer clause (b) in Interim Application No. 3463 of 2020, by virtue of which the Defendants are restrained from creating any third-party rights and/or parting with possession of the suit property. He would submit that since the interim order is operational since 26 April 2022, the same is required to be continued till final disposal of the suit.

3. The Appeal is opposed by Mr. Panchpor, the learned counsel appearing for Respondent Nos. 1 to 3. He would produce copy of application filed by the Plaintiffs before the Trial Court for amendment of the plaint. He would submit that after rejection of application for temporary injunction by recording a finding that Plaintiffs could not prove evidence of actual payment of consideration, Plaintiffs now wants to introduce a new case by way of amendment that the amount of Rs. 1,73,00,000/- was paid in respect of some other transaction, which could not fructify and that therefore the said amount was later shown as a consideration for the Agreement for Sale dated 7 July 2017. He would submit that the Plaintiffs are thus not sure about the exact nature of transaction and are frequently changing their stands. For the first time by introducing amendment, Plaintiffs want to demonstrate that there was some other transaction in respect of which Plaintiffs had allegedly paid Rs. 1,73,00,000/-. That filing of such application at such a belated stage is

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