IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY NAGPUR BENCH, NAGPUR.
G.A. SANAP, J.
Firoz Khan Habib Khan Pathan - Appellant
Versus
State of Maharashtra – Respondent
Criminal Appeal (Apeal) No. 576 of 2021
Decided on : 23-08-2024
POCSO - Conviction - Protection of Children From Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (Section 4), Indian Penal Code (Section 377) - The court found insufficient evidence to prove the age of the informant as a child under POCSO, leading to acquittal under that section, while maintaining conviction under IPC.
Fact of the Case:
The informant, a 16-year-old boy, reported an incident of sexual assault by the accused, who was a neighbor. The prosecution claimed the informant was a child under the POCSO Act, but the defense argued that the age was not conclusively proven.
Finding of the Court:
The court concluded that the prosecution failed to prove the informant's age beyond reasonable doubt, which is essential for a conviction under the POCSO Act. However, the evidence was sufficient to uphold the conviction under Section 377 of the IPC.
Issues: Whether the prosecution proved the age of the informant to establish the offense under the POCSO Act, and whether the evidence supported the conviction under Section 377 of the IPC.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that the burden of proof regarding the age of the informant lies with the prosecution, and failure to establish this element results in acquittal under the POCSO Act, while the evidence was adequate for conviction under IPC.
Result: The appeal is partly allowed; the conviction under POCSO is set aside, but the conviction under IPC is maintained.
JUDGMENT :
1. In this appeal, the challenge is to the judgment and order, dated 16.06.2021, passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Chandrapur, whereby the learned Sessions Judge convicted the accused/appellant for the offences punishable under Section 4 of the Protection of Children From Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (for short ‘the POCSO Act’) and Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (for short ‘the IPC’) and sentenced the accused to undergo rigorous imprisonment for seven years and to pay a fine of Rs.5,000/-and in default of payment of the fine to suffer simple imprisonment for one year for the offence punishable under Section 4 of the POCSO Act. No separate sentence has been awarded for the offence punishable under Section 377 of the IPC.
2. Background facts:
The victim boy, aged about 16 years, is the informant in this case. The crime was registered, on the basis of his report, at city police station Chandrapur. The prosecution case, as can be seen from the report and other material on record, is that on 02.05.2019, the informant and his brother (PW-2) went to sleep in the gallery. The father of the informant was residing in the tenanted premises owned by the father of the accused on the first floor. The house of the accused is adjacent to the house of the informant. The wife of the accused had gone to her parents’ house. In the night, when the informant and his brother went to sleep, after about one and half hour, the accused came there and asked them as to why they are sleeping outside the house. The accused told them that there was a cooler facility in his house and therefore, they should come and sleep inside the house. The informant, along with his brother, went inside the house of the accused. They slept on one bed. After some time, the informant woke up after realizing that somebody was pushing him forcefully. He saw that he was lying in a prone condition on the mattress of the floor and his pant was removed up to his knee. He found the accused in a naked condition. It is stated that the informant saw that the accused slept on his body and was giving forceful jerks. He pushed the accused and woke up his brother. They ran outside the house of the accused and went to their house. They narrated the entire incident to their father. The father of the informant went to the house of the accused and questioned him about the wrongful act done by him. The accused raised a quarrel with him. Their neighbours came to the spot. The accused tried to run away from the spot. The neighbours caught hold the accused and assaulted him. The accused sustained injuries to his head. The informant, along with his father, went to the police station in the night and lodged the report.
3. On the basis of his report, the crime bearing No.369 of 2019 came to be registered against the accused. The investigation was carried out by PW-5. The investigating officer sent the informant for a medical examination. On the next day, she arrested the accused. She referred the accused for a medical examination. The clothes as well as blood samples of the informant and the accused were collected. The investigation revealed the involvement of the accused in the crime and therefore, the investigating officer filed the charge- sheet against the accused in the Court of law.
4. Learned Additional Sessions Judge framed the charge against the accused. The accused pleaded not guilty. The defence of the accused is of false implication on account of the demand of the arrears of rent by the accused from the father of the informant. The prosecution, in order to prove the charge against the accused, examined six witnesses. Learned Judge, on consideration of the evidence, convicted and sentenced the accused, as above. The appellant has come before this Court in appeal against the said judgment and order.
5. I have heard learned appointed Advocate Mr Rajnish Vyas for the appellant and learned APP Ms Mukta Kavimandan for the State. Perused the record and proceedings.
6. Learn
The prosecution must prove the age of the victim under the POCSO Act for a valid conviction; failure to do so results in acquittal under that Act.
The competence of child witnesses, scrutiny of hostile witnesses' testimony, and the significance of corroborative evidence and the presumption under Section 29 of the POCSO Act are central legal pri....
The court affirmed that prior legal standards apply to convictions, emphasizing the necessity of valid evidence and proper assessment of child witnesses' competency in sexual assault cases.
The judgment reinforces the evidentiary standards in sexual assault cases involving minors, highlighting the importance of witness credibility and medical corroboration.
The presumption under Section 29 of the POCSO Act requires foundational facts to be established; mere reliance on medical evidence without corroboration is insufficient for conviction.
The prosecution must prove the guilt of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt, and any doubt must be resolved in favor of the accused.
The necessity of proving penetration or manipulation causing penetration for charges under the POCSO Act was emphasized, leading to a conviction for attempted offences.
Statutorial presumption u/s 29 and 30 of POCSO Act certainly places a persuasive burden on appellant to show that he does not possess requisite culpable mental state for offence for which he is prose....
The reliability of the victim's testimony and medical evidence in cases of sexual offences, and the reasonableness of delay in filing the FIR due to the sensitive nature of such offences.
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