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2024 Supreme(Bom) 899

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
M.S. SONAK, KAMAL KHATA, JJ.
ALPHONSO D’SOUZA and Anr. - Petitioners
Versus
APEX GRIEVANCES REDRESSAL COMMITTEE, SLUM REHABILITATION AUTHORITY And Ors. – Respondents
Writ Petition No. 779 Of 2023
Decided On : 20-08-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For The Petitioners: Nirmay Dave, with Adv., Nandini Singh Modi, Adv. Mohit Advani, Adv. Aditya Khandeparkar, Adv. Mayuri Karekar, Adv. Gaurav Patole, i/b. Khandeparkar Law Office.
For the Respondents: Mayur Khandeparkar, a/w Adv. Arun Panickar, Adv. Vinay Nair, Adv. Anoop Patil, Adv. Jagdish G. Aradwad (Reddy).

AGRC lacks original jurisdiction under the Maharashtra Slum Act to adjudicate disputes not referred by the State Government; it can only exercise appellate authority.

Headnote:(A) Maharashtra Slum Areas (Improvement, Clearance and Redevelopment) Act, 1971 - Sections 34A and 35 - Jurisdiction of Apex Grievance Redressal Committee (AGRC) - AGRC lacks original jurisdiction to entertain disputes not referred by the State Government; it only holds appellate jurisdiction as defined in statutory provisions. (Paras 7, 35, 57)

(B) Jurisdiction - AGRC claims jurisdiction based on Government Resolution and earlier case law; however, AGRC’s exercise of power contradicts statutory provisions, rendering its orders indefensible. (Paras 45, 52)

(C) Consent Terms - Prior consent orders regarding entitlement by the erstwhile developer remain binding on successor developers; AGRC’s nullification of previous agreements found erroneous. (Paras 60, 61)

(D) Interim Relief - Court imposes a temporary restraint on the 3rd Respondent from alienating the shop for three months, facilitating appropriate action in civil suits. (Paras 70, 71)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners contested an AGRC order that denied their entitlement to commercial premises in a redevelopment project based on previously established agreements and consent terms relating to earlier redevelopment agreements in 2012.

Findings of Court:
The AGRC acted without jurisdiction and its order is set aside, reaffirming the binding nature of consent terms on successor developers.

Issues: Whether AGRC had jurisdiction to entertain the application made by the 3rd Respondent; whether the AGRC’s impugned order was justified or caused legal errors.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that AGRC has limited jurisdiction as an appellate authority under the Slum Act, and any assumption of original jurisdiction is unauthorized, thus its order was quashed.

Result: The petition is allowed; the AGRC's order is quashed.

Table of Content
1. agrc's jurisdiction to hear cases related to slum redevelopment. (Para 1 , 2)
2. petitioners seek relief for quashing agrc's order. (Para 3 , 4)
3. arguments against agrc's jurisdiction on complaints. (Para 6 , 12 , 14 , 15)
4. agrc's interim orders and related proceedings. (Para 8 , 10)
5. debate on enforceability of agreements and consent terms. (Para 18 , 19 , 21)
6. the agrc's jurisdiction is primarily appellate, not original. (Para 25 , 31)
7. determination of agrc's original jurisdiction. (Para 29 , 30)
8. the petitioners' claim regarding the agrc's lack of jurisdiction. (Para 35 , 38 , 40)
9. agrc's order quashed for lack of jurisdiction. (Para 57 , 68)
10. judgment outcomes regarding the agrc's impugned order. (Para 66 , 70)
11. conclusion on orders issued by the court. (Para 71)

JUDGMENT :

(M.S. Sonak J) :

1. Heard learned counsel for the parties.

2. Rule. The rule is made returnable immediately at the request of and with the consent of learned counsel for the parties.

3. The Petitioners, by instituting the present Petition, have sought the following reliefs: -

    a) This Hon'ble Court be pleased to issue a Writ of Certiorari or a writ, order and/or direction in the nature of Certiorari or any other writ, order and/or direction calling for the records and proceedings in respect of the Impugned Order dated 5th January, 2022 passed in Application No.141 of 2021 and after examining the validity, legality and propriety of the Impugned Order, be pleased to set aside and quash the same.

    b) This Hon'ble Court be pleased to direct the Respondent No. 2 to sanction plans which are in conformity to the consent terms dated 9th May, 2012 and the Development Agreement dated 27th November, 2020 and revoke sanction granted to any other previous plans which are contrary to the Consent terms dated 9th May, 2012 and the Development Agreement dated 27th November, 2020;

    c) Pending the hearing and final disposal of the present petition, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to stay the operation, effect and implementation of the Impugned Order dated 5th January, 2022.

    d) Pending the hearing and final disposal of the present petition, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to restrain the Respondent No. 3, its servants, agents putting up construction which is contrary to the entitlement of the Petitioner No. 1 as recorded in the Consent Terms dated 9th May, 2012 and the Development Agreement dated 27th November, 2020.

    e) Pending the hearing and final disposal of the present petition, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to restrain the Respondent No.2 and its officers from granting approval to any plan in respect of redevelopment of the said plot which are contrary to the entitlement of the Petitioner No.1 as recorded in the Consent Terms dated 9th May, 2012 and the Development Agreement dated 27th November, 2020.

    f) Pending the hearing and final disposal of the present petition, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to restrain the Respondent No.3, its servants, agents, assigns from creating third party rights in respect of the shop on the ground floor of the building that is to be constructed on the said plot for the Petitioner No.1 admeasuring 818 square feet with a 25-foot frontage facing the 16th Road, TPS-III, Bandra (West) which is shown on the approved plan.

    g) Interim and Ad-interim reliefs in terms of prayer clause (d) to (g).

    h) Cost of the Petition to be provided for.

    i) Such other and further orders as may be necessary in the facts and circumstances of the case.

4. After hearing the learned counsel for the parties, the co- ordinate Bench comprising Revati Mohite Dere and Madhav J. Jamdar, JJ. made the following interim order on 20th April 2022:-

    “1. Heard learned counsel for the petitioners and learned counsel for the respondent No.3.

    2. By this petition, the petitioners have impugned the order dated 5th January 2022, passed by the Apex Grievance Redressal Committee (‘AGRC’), in Application No.141 of 2021 along with other substantive reliefs.

    3. Learned Counsel for the p

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