IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY BENCH AT AURANGABAD
MANJUSHA DESHPANDE, J.
Bhimabai w/o Baburao Waghmare - Appellant
Versus
The Deputy Director Land Record - Respondents
Writ Petition No.10948 of 2018 With Civil Application No.10135 of 2024
Decided on : 28-03-2025
(A) Bombay Prevention of Fragmentation and Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1947 - Section 32(1) - Maharashtra Land Revenue Code - Section 247 - Appeal against consolidation order - Petitioners challenged the order dated 29/06/2018, claiming it was issued without jurisdiction due to delay in filing and lack of opportunity to be heard - Respondent No.2's order was found to lack authority as it altered the original consolidation scheme after a significant delay, contrary to established legal principles regarding timely challenges to such orders. (Paras 2, 4, 27-41)
(B) Jurisdiction and Limitation - The court emphasized that powers under Section 32(1) must be exercised within a reasonable period, generally accepted as three years, and that delay must be satisfactorily explained - The court found that the respondent failed to justify the delay in filing the appeal, thus rendering the order invalid. (Paras 26-40)
(C) Natural Justice - The court noted that the petitioners were not given an opportunity to be heard before the impugned order was passed, violating principles of natural justice. (Paras 6, 24)
Facts of the case:
The petitioners, legal heirs of a deceased landowner, contested an order allowing amendments to a consolidation scheme after a 37-year delay, claiming it was unjustified and lacked procedural fairness.
Findings of Court:
The court ruled that the order dated 29/06/2018 was made without jurisdiction and quashed it, emphasizing the importance of timely challenges in consolidation matters.
Issues: The primary issues included whether the appeal was maintainable given the substantial delay and whether the petitioners were afforded a fair hearing.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the delay in filing the appeal was excessive and unjustified, and the respondent's actions violated procedural fairness, rendering the order invalid.
Result: Writ Petition allowed; order dated 29/06/2018 quashed.
JUDGMENT :
1. Rule. Rule made returnable forthwith. Heard finally with the consent of the parties.
2. Petitioners are taking exception to the order dated 29/06/2018, passed by respondent No.2 District Superintendent of Land Records, Ahmednagar, in Consolidation Appeal No.825/2016, and the consequential notices issued by respondent No.3 Deputy Superintendent of Land Records. Vide order dated 29/06/2018. The order passed respondent No.2 on 28/02/2017 has been corrected to the extent that measurement of sub-division done at the time of consolidation scheme in Survey No.95 at village Digras, Taluka Rahuri, has been cancelled holding that the same is defective and respondent No.2 Deputy Superintendent of Land Records, Rahuri, has been directed to submit amended proposal in view of Section 32(1) of the Bombay Prevention of Fragmentation and Consolidation of Holdings Act, 1947 (for short ‘the said Act’), according to the 7/12 extract existing prior to the coming into force of the consolidation scheme.
3. According to petitioners, consolidation scheme was made applicable in the village Digras in the year 1978. By virtue of application filed in the year 2015, amendment is sought in the consolidation scheme after a huge delay of 37 years, which is not permissible in the eyes of law as well as in view of various authoritative pronouncements of this Court. The reasonable period for seeking such relief is held to be 3 to 4 years from initiation of scheme. Therefore, petitioners are challenging the order dated 29/06/2018, on the ground of delay and latches.
4. Brief case of the petitioners is that:-
(I) Consolidation scheme is made applicable to the village Digras by issuing notification on 06/04/1978. Petitioners are legal heirs of deceased Rakhmaji Gawade, respondent Nos.4 to 6 are legal heirs of one Dasharath Gawade and respondent No.7 is purchaser of the land from respondent Nos.4 to 6. Petitioners are concerned with Gut No.153 which was Survey No.95/10, whereas respondent Nos.4 to 7 are concerned with Gut No.162 which was originally Survey No.95/2.
(II) On 29/08/2015 respondent No.4 filed application addressed to the respondent No.1 Deputy Director of Land Records, Nashik, seeking amendment in the record of Gut No.162 on the ground that his holding in Gut No.162 has been reduced after consolidation. It was contended that prior to implementation of consolidation scheme in the year 1978, ‘Falani map’ was prepared as per the cultivation and possession of land by respective owners and accordingly 7/12 extract was prepared. It was the contention of respondent No.4 that without taking any assistance from original record, the scheme has been prepared. As a result, his holding has been reduced in the revenue records. On receiving the application filed by respondent No.4, respondent No.1 issued communication to respondent No.2 and respondent No.2 in turn has directed the respondent No.3 to conduct an inquiry.
(III) Respondent No.3 has prepared report on 29/01/2016 and sent it to respondent No.2 informing him that no mistake or illegality has occurred while preparation of the consolidation scheme, hence, there is no necessity to carry out any change. It is also informed that the applicant had previously filed similar application to respondent No.1 and the same has been disposed of vide communication dated 11/10/2005 and entry to that effect has already been taken in the complaint register. Hence, considering that there is no infirmity or error in the scheme and the earlier application filed by applicant has already been decided on 11/10/2005, the complaint filed by respondent No.4 can be disposed of.
(IV) In spite of report submitted by respondent No.3, respondent No.2 has again directed respondent No.3 to submit a fresh report, accordingly respondent No.3 has again submitted report on 31/03/2016. In spite of two reports, sent by respondent No.3, respondent No.2 has issued communication to respondent No.4, directing him to file Appeal before respondent
Delay in filing an appeal against consolidation orders must be satisfactorily explained; otherwise, the order is invalid due to lack of jurisdiction.
Point of Law : If there was any technical violation of the rules of natural justice, that was not a ground for interference, as such interference would result in resurrection of an illegal, nay, void....
The court clarified that applications for correction of consolidation schemes must be filed within a reasonable time, typically three years, and that significant delays render such applications inval....
Variation of finalized consolidation scheme on error grounds barred after unreasonable delay; ordinarily three years from implementation, despite no statutory limit, as scheme attains finality with o....
Minister has jurisdiction under Section 35 of the Act to entertain appeals, even after delays, when assessing legality of prior orders; remands for inquiries on land titles following consolidation mu....
The implementation of land consolidation schemes must strictly adhere to statutory provisions; failure renders any resultant claims invalid.
Jurisdiction under Section 42 of the East Punjab Holdings Act is limited to clerical corrections and cannot adjudicate title disputes, which are reserved for Civil Courts.
Correction in the consolidation scheme can be sought within a reasonable period of time, not beyond three years of finalization of the scheme.
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