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2026 Supreme(Bom) 453

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
FIRDOSH P. POONIWALLA, J.
Renu Balwant Maru, W/o Shri. Balwant Maru – Appellant 
Versus
Bupendra Damjibhai Tank And Ors. - Respondents 
INTERIM APPLICATION (L) NO. 26145 OF 2025, IN SUIT NO. 422 OF 2012
Decided On : 23-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Adv. Rohan Cama a/w Adv. Rupesh R. Lanjekar
For the Respondent:Mr. Anil V. Anturkar, Senior Advocate a/w Adv. Joel J. Carlos, Adv., Manish Pradeep Gitay i/b Adv. Joel J. Carlos, Adv. Manish Pradeep Gitay, Adv. Anish Karande a/w Adv. Gobinda C. Mohanty i/b M/s. Mohanty, Associates, Mr. Vishwajit P. Sawant, Senior Advocate a/w Adv. Raju Yamgar, Adv., Yunus Vakharia i/b Adv. Raju Yamgar

Partition suit involving immovable properties partly outside original jurisdiction requires prior leave under Clause XII Letters Patent; absence renders plaint wholly rejectable under Order VII Rule 11 as partial partition impermissible.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order VII Rule 11 - Letters Patent (High Court) - Clause XII - Suit for declaration of share in ancestral movable and immovable properties, partition by metes and bounds, handover of share, and declarations that certain agreements not binding - Immovable properties situated partly within and partly outside original jurisdiction - Held: Suit for partition of immovable properties including land is suit for land requiring leave under Clause XII before institution if properties partly outside jurisdiction - No leave obtained - Suit for partial partition of properties within jurisdiction not maintainable - Entire plaint barred by law and liable to rejection under Order VII Rule 11. (Paras 47(A), 53-56, 64-65)

(B) Partition Suits - Partial partition not maintainable - Where suit for properties partly outside jurisdiction not entertainable without leave, suit cannot proceed only qua properties within jurisdiction as it would amount to partial partition. (Paras 64-65)

(C) Letters Patent - Clause XII - Leave must be obtained prior to institution of suit and cannot be granted thereafter - Failure vitiates maintainability. (Paras 57-62)

Facts of the case:
Original defendants filed interim application seeking rejection of plaint under Order VII Rule 11 CPC on ground of no leave under Clause XII Letters Patent obtained for suit involving immovable properties partly outside original jurisdiction. Plaintiff claimed 1/7th share in deceased father's ancestral properties listed in schedule including land, house, flats, bank deposits, gold and cash; sought partition, handover of share, and invalidation of agreements re certain land without consent.

Findings of Court:
Suit is suit for land; leave under Clause XII required and not obtained; partial partition impermissible; plaint rejected in entirety under Order VII Rule 11.

Issues: (A) Whether suit is suit for land under Clause XII Letters Patent?

(B) Whether leave required?

(C) Whether plaint rejectable under Order VII Rule 11 CPC?

Ratio Decidendi: Suit seeking partition and possession of immovable properties is suit for land (paras 48-56); leave mandatory for properties partly outside jurisdiction (paras 57-59); absence of leave bars suit entirely as partial partition not maintainable (paras 60-65).

Result: Interim application allowed; plaint rejected under Order VII Rule 11 CPC.

Table of Content
1. suit seeks partition of huf properties sans lp leave. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. partition suit for land outside jurisdiction needs clause xii leave. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
3. plaint rejected wholly only if all reliefs barred by law. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30)
4. partial partition impermissible; all reliefs vitiated without leave. (Para 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46)
5. issues: suit for land? leave required? o7 r11 rejection? (Para 47)
6. partition seeking possession constitutes suit for land. (Para 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56)
7. leave mandatory for partial properties outside jurisdiction. (Para 57 , 58 , 59)
8. no leave bars entire plaint; reject under o7 r11. (Para 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68)

JUDGEMENT :

FIRDOSH P. POONIWALLA, J.

1. This Interim Application has been filed by original Defendant Nos. 1, 3 and 4 seeking rejection of the Plaint under Order VII Rule 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure 1908 (the ‘CPC’) on the ground that it is barred by law as no leave under Clause XII of the Letters Patent of this Court has been obtained by the Plaintiff.

2. The present Suit has been filed seeking the following final reliefs :

“(a) that this Hon'ble Court be pleased to declare that the property described in Exhibit "C" are properties left behind by the deceased father and the Plaintiff has 1/7th share in the same.

(b) that this Hon'ble Court be please to declare that the Plaintiff is entitled to 1/7th share in the property described in Exhibit "C" and further prays that this Hon'ble Court be pleased to pass a decree of partition, partitioning the suit properties by metes and bounds alongwith agumentations and be pleased to handover to the Plaintiff, her share in the suit properties described in Exhibit "C";

(c) that this Hon'ble Court be pleased to declare that the agreements entered into by Defendants no. 1 to 4 with Defendant no. 7 in respect of the land at Dindoshi and various agreements executed by Defendant Nos. 1 to 4 and 7 with the flat purchasers are not binding on the Plaintiff;

(c)(i) That this Hon'ble Court be pleased to declare that the Agreement dated 30.12.2006 (Exh. "R") and Agreement dated 06.01.2010 (Exh. "S") executed by the Defendant no.1 to 4 in favor or Defendant no.7 are illegal, unlawful and bad in law and the same is not binding upon the plaintiff.

(c)(ii) That this Hon'ble Court be pleased to direct the defendant no.1to 4 to deposit entire amount of sale proceeds of the suit properties to the extent of 1/7th share of the plaintiff in this Hon'ble Court.

(c)(iii)That this Hon'ble Court be pleased to declare that all other agreements and transaction entered into by Defendant no.1 to 4 with Defendant no.7 or any other party after death of deceased father and without consent of the plaintiff are illegal, unlawful, bad in law and not binding upon the plaintiff ”

3. The properties described in Exhibit ‘C’ are as under:

“LIST OF ANCESTRAL MOVABLE AND IMMOVABLE PROPERTIES HELD BY THE DECEASED FATHER SHRI. DAMODAR (DAMJIBHAI) RAGHAVJI TANK AS THE KARTA OF THE HUF

1. Old S.Nos. 34/1, 31/1, 39/7, 29/2 and 39/4 now bearing New City Survey Nos. 104-A, 104-C, 104-D, 104-E, 104-F, 104-G, 104-H, 104-I and 104-J, admeasuring 68,373.20 sq. mtrs. or thereabouts and situated at Village Dindoshi, Taluka Borivli, Malad, Mumbai.

2) Agricultural land in District Vardha, Nagpur, Maharashtra

3. Landed property and a living house at S.No. 123. Village Talaja, District Bhavtagar, Gujarat.

4. 2 flats in Neelganga CHS, Bandra, Mumbai

5. Savings a/c and fixed deposits at Bank of Baroda, Bandra Branch

6. Gold ornaments in the locker at Bank of Baroda, Bandra Branch.

7. Cash in savings a/c no. 4900 of Bank of Saurashtra situated at Talaja.

8. Cash in saving a/c no. 7626 in Bank of India situated at Talaja.”

SUBMISSIONS OF THE APPLICANTS (ORIGINAL DEFENDANT NOS. 1, 3 AND 4)

4. Mr. Mayur Khan

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