IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Rajeev Ranjan Prasad, J.
Surendra Mahto - Appellant
Versus
The State Of Bihar & Ors. - Respondent
Criminal Writ Jurisdiction Case No. 236 of 2021
Decided On : 25-10-2021
Constitution of India – Articles 226 and 72/161 – Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 – Sections 432 and 433 – Rejection of proposal by State Remission Board for premature release from prison – Writ petitioner faced charges for offence under Sections 376 and 302/34 of IPC and is serving life sentence for full life – Petitioner has completed more than 21 years of sentence with remission and more than 18 years of physical incarceration – Despite opportunity given by Division Bench to deal with this issue, if more than four years State respondents have not dealt with the same and they do not feel shy on reiterating same stand, it is a case of inaction on part of State respondents – Such conduct of Remission Board is liable to be deprecated – While exercising of its power under Article 226 of Constitution of India High Court refrains itself from interfering in executive domains normally and that is self-made rule of discipline in exercising its extra-ordinary writ jurisdiction but despite such indulgence being given to executive and authorities through whom State is acting if the issues are not resolved and Court is kept engaged with same and one plea repeatedly, in order to put at rest the dispute, this Court being guardian responsible to protect fundamental rights and legal rights of citizen is bound to intervene through adjudicatory process – Imprisonment for life lasts until breath and a court of law cannot interfere on the ground that if period of remission claimed by a convict is taken into account, he is entitled to be released – It is always for government to decided whether he should be given any remission and whether he should be released – If under policy decision of government petitioner is entitled to be considered for remission then he must be considered – Constitutional power under Article 72 and 161 of Constitution of India and statutory power under Section 432 Cr.P.C. still remains – Since this Court has come to conclusion that 2002 notification cannot be applied against petitioner and his case is liable to be considered on same pedestal on which cases of other life convicts who were awarded life conviction in year 2003 have been considered, case of petitioner cannot be rejected on the ground that Apex Court has awarded full life imprisonment. (Paras 45, 50 and 51)
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 – Sections 432 and 433 – Rejection of proposal by State Remission Board for premature release from prison – Whole life sentence – Petitioner has completed more than 21 years of sentence with remission and more than 18 years of physical incarceration – Probation Officer and Superintendent of Police both have submitted favourable recommendation based on their inquiry from villagers and family members who have categorically stated that they have no threat from petitioner and no adverse consequence is likely to fall if petitioner is released prematurely – Probation Officer has reported that family members of petitioner are ready to accept him and there is very good possibility of his rehabilitation and integration with family – Presiding Judge has completely failed to understand decision of Supreme Court and seems to have got obsessed with cluster of words "full life of imprisonment" – Remission Board is not correct in rejecting case of petitioner on the basis of report of Presiding Judge – Impugned decision set aside and State Remission Board directed to take a fresh decision in respect of petitioner within a period of one month. (Paras 52, 54, 55 and 56)
(2016) 7 SCC 1; (2010) 4 SCC 216; Cr.WJC No.1053 of 2016; Cr.WJC No.1245 of 2016; Cr.WJC No.272 of 2017; Cr.WJC No.1027 of 2019 and Cr.W.J.C. No. 748 of 2017; Interim order of Supreme Court dated 23.07.2015 in W.P. (Crl.) No.48 of 2014 (Union of India Vs. V. Sriharan @ Murugan) – Referred.
(2016) 7 SCC 1; AIR 1961 SC 600; (1981) 1 SCC 107 – Relied.
JUDGMENT
1. At the time of filing of the writ application, petitioner prayed for the following reliefs:-
"(I) For issuance of an appropriate writ in the nature of CERTIORARI for quashing the decision of the State Remission Board dated 21.06.2019 so far it relates to the petitioner, whereby and where under the State Remission Board has been pleased to reject the proposal of the petitioner for his pre-mature release interalia on the ground that under clause (iv) (ka) of Notification No. 3106 dated 10.12.2002, the petitioner is not eligible for grant of pre-mature release as also there is unfavourable opinion of the Presiding Judge.
(II) For issuance of an appropriate writ in the nature of MANDAMUS, commanding and directing the Respondent Authorities to consider the case of the petitioner for premature release and grant him on the ground that now the petitioner has already completed more than 21 years of sentence with remission and more than 18 years of physical incarceration, taking into consideration that the case of the petitioner has been covered under 1984 Policy prevailing at the relevant time of his conviction since the petitioner is the convict of 2006 and almost all the prescribed Authorities recommended for his pre-mature release except Presiding Judge.
(III) For issuance of any other appropriate writ/writs, order/orders direction/directions for which the writ petitioner would be entitled under the facts and circumstances of the case."
Brief facts of the case
2. The writ petitioner faced charges for the offence under Section 376 and 302/34 of the Indian Penal Code. As per the prosecution story this petitioner being the husband of the deceased forced himself upon the informant (since deceased), had sexual intercourse with her in a banana field and after sexually assaulting her with the help of the co-accused, he pressed her hands and mouth and the co-accused also assaulted her sexually. Thereafter the co-accused tied her hand with a fine plastic rope and closed her mouth with his hands, the petitioner took out a knife and gave three blows on her neck with an intention to kill her. As a result the neck started to bleed profusely, wherefter both the accused threw her into the river. The informant somehow managed to come of the river and in injured condition she went running to the railway crossing where she explained the entire story to the lady owner of the toddy shop. She was taken to the local doctor, the local chowkidar informed the police station. The informant disclosed the reason behind the occurrence being that her husband was in love affair with a girl at Delhi to which she had objected.
3. The learned trial court convicted the petitioner under Section 302 and Section 376/34 of the Indian Penal Code. The learned trial court awarded death sentence for the offence under Section 302 I.P.C. and a sentence of transportation of life with rigorous imprisonment for the offence under Section 376/34 of I.P.C. The death sentence was, however, subject to confirmation by the Hon'ble High Court in accordance with Section 366 Cr.P.C.
4. The Death Reference No. 5 of 2006 together with Criminal Appeal No. 851 of 2006 were heard by a Hon'ble Division of this Court and vide judgment dated 8th of January, 2008 the Hon'ble Division Bench refused to interfere with the punishment of death sentence granted to the appellant.
5. The matter went to the Hon'ble Supreme Court. In Criminal Appeal No. 211 of 2009 the Hon'ble Supreme Court did not find any fault with the conviction of the appellant. As regards the death sentence awarded to the petitioner, the Hon'ble Supreme Court noticed that the appellant was a young man of 30 years at the time of the incident and there was a possibility that he may at some stage of his life have a reformation in his character. The Hon'ble Supreme Court was informed that the petitioner who was appellant before the Court had a younger daughter from his deceased wife and she was being looked after by her maternal grandmo
Gopal Vinayak Godse v. Store of Maharashtra
Ranjit Singh v. UT of Chandigarh
Sambha Ji Krishan Ji v. State of Maharashtra
State of Haryana Vs. Jagdish (2010) 4 SCC 216
Swamy Shraddananda (2) v. State of Karnataka (2008) 13 SCC 767 : (2009) 3 SCC (Cri) 113
The denial of premature release based on misapplied guidelines is arbitrary and discriminatory, necessitating a reassessment by the Remission Board.
The decision of the State Sentence Remission Board must be informed, fair, and reasonable, adhering to the principles of law and precedents, particularly regarding the eligibility for premature relea....
The discretion to suspend or remit the sentence lies with the State Government, but the decision must be in accordance with the law and not arbitrary. The opinion of the Presiding Judge must fulfill ....
Rejection of life convicts' remission based on superseded notification illegal where offenses not prohibited under current prison manual; board must holistically assess reformation, jail conduct, reo....
Convicts guilty of planned murder, especially of minors, are ineligible for premature release under the provisions of Notification No. 3106 and Rule 481 of the Bihar Jail Manual.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the need for uniform application of policy and the importance of reasonable classification in decision-making.
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