IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
SANJEEV PRAKASH SHARMA, J.
CWJC Nos. 7058, 8548, 7426, 8358, 11946 of 2022
(23.12.2022)
Radha Devi Jageshwari Memorial
Medical College and Hospital (in 7058)
Jageshwari Memorial Institute
& Anr. (in 8548)
Shashwat & Anr. (in 7426)
Ujjawal Kumar & Ors., (in 8358)
Neelabh & Ors. (11946) ... Petitioners
vs.
National Medical Commission
& Ors. (in 7058, 11946)
Union of India & Ors. (in 8548)
Chairman, National Medical
Commission & Ors.
(in 7426, 8358) … Respondents
Indian Medical Council Act, 1956 – Section 11 (2) – National Medical Commission Act, 2019 – Sections 26 and 28 – Power of Medical Assessment and Rating Board (M.A.R.B.) is not only to grant permission for establishment of new Medical Institution but also has power to carry out inspections and also take such measures as provided under Section 26 (f) – As per Section 28, M.A.R.B. has power to approve or disapprove scheme for admissions – As per Section 28 (7), power adjust of conducting surprise inspection by M.A.R.B. – In present case, question regarding College not having letter of permission and admissions have been cancelled has become redundant on account of subsequent events – N.M.C. has proceeded to treat petitioner as recognized Medical College from 2021 and second batch sanction would presume existence of first batch – Medical College will be deemed to have been granted permission to impart medical education and would be deemed to have been already established. (Paras 36, 37 and 45)
University Law – Admission – Power of stopping admission and recommending withdrawal of recognition would include power of cancelling admission given in college wrongfully also – Intent of statute is required to be understood with reference to content – Interim orders granted by Court although does not create any equity, but in cases relating to students Court cannot close its eyes to fate of young minds and their future – There is no fault of students who have been admitted by respondents State Government and its authorities without informing them about impending action to be taken against Institution by M.A.C.R.B. – Students have already put in more than 6 months of studies after interim order was passed by this Court – Error on part of Court, should not result in spoiling lives of students who passed competition – State authorities action of making admissions was wrongful and they are bound by instructions issued by N.M.C./M.A.R.B. with regard to admissions in Medical Colleges – However, admissions of such students are saved – Writ petition filed by students admitted to Medical College for Session 2021-22 praying for shifting them to Government Medical College dismissed – Fees of students shall be disbursed to college by Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Board and Aryabhatta University shall take steps to enrol students and conduct their examinations. (Paras 53 to 57)
Sanjeev Prakash Sharma, J.—Heard the parties.
2. All the five writ petitions as above were heard together as the issue involved is common to all. The petitioners in C.W.J.C. No. 7058 of 2022 and C.W.J.C. No. 8548 of 2022 are petitions filed on behalf of Medical College and Hospital through Treasurer and by the Society namely Jageshwari Memorial Institute of Speech and Hearing through its President. In both the writ petitions the prayer is to quash and set aside the order dated 18.04.2022 issued by the Medical Assessment And Rating Board (hereinafter called as M.A.R.B.).
3. The other three Writ Petitions have been filed by the students of the Radha Devi Jageshwari Memorial Medical College and Hospital praying for directing the State Government to take over the management of the College and directing the respondent no. 3 to accommodate the petitioners to some other Government Medical College. Almost similar prayer has been made in all the three cases. Vide order dated 14.06.2022 the impugned order was stayed by the Coordinate Bench of this Court on being prima facie satisfied with the submission that in terms of Section 26 (I) (f) of the NMC Act of 2019, the MARB could only have directed to stoppage of admission, but was not competent to direct for cancellation of admission already made after counselling. The case was thereafter heard finally by this Court. Before adverting to the issues, it would be appropriate to notice certain facts which have come on record.
4. The petitioners College Radha Devi Jageshwari Memorial Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur is run by a Society namely Jageshwari Memorial Institute of Speech and Hearing. While a Hospital was in the same name was being run by for last five years on 03.07.2019, an essentiality certificate was issued by the State Government on a proposal submitted for establishment of Medical College by the Society. On 04.09.2021 assessment was conducted by the National Medical Commission (hereinafter referred as N.M.C.) and thereafter the Medical Assessment and Rating Board (hereinafter M.A.R.B.) issued a letter of intent to the petitioners approving 150 M.B.B.S. seats for the College vide letter dated 22.09.2021. It also directed to fulfill the deficiency of completing the examination hall and recruiting one Tutor for Physiology. Letter of permission (L.O.P.) was issued on 01.11.2021 for new Medical College approving 150 M.B.B.S. seats for the Session 2021-2022. On 26.11.2021 and 27.11.2021 N.M.C. conducted a surprise inspection and on the basis of report of inspection it directed the State Government not to allot students to the Medical College, vide its letter dated 15.02.2022. A show cause notice was also issued to the petitioners College on 15.02.2022 referring to the inspection report. It was pointed out that a complaint had been received regarding fake faculty and patients arranged during assessment for issuing letter of intent and on inspection it was found having following major deficiencies:—
“1. Faculty deficiency of 85.18%, with no faculty in the departments of Physiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Forensic Medicine, Community Medicine, General Medicine, Respiratory Medicine, Psychiatry, Otorhinolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Anaesthesiology, Radio-diagnosis and Emergency Medicine.
2. Deficiency of Residents/tutors are 90.69%.
3. Out patients registered are 430 against the requirement of 600 on the day of assessment.
4. In patient bed occupancy was 42% against the requirement of 60%.
5. Also against to the information submitted to the National Medical Commission in Sworn Affidavit Dt. 08.06.2021, which attracts legal proceedings.”
5. The management was asked to give reasons as to why letter of permission granted should not be withdrawn and should not stop admissions in the College as the minimum required faculty and facilities are not available on surprise assessment.
6. The management has submitted its reply on 17.02.2022 and stated that they had already taken admissions throug
(2014) 13 SCC 506 (Swamy Devi Dayal Hospital & Dental College vs. Union of India)
Royal Medical Trust (Registered) vs. Union of India
(2016)7 SCC 353 (Modern Dental College & Research Centre vs. State of Madhya Pradesh)
Medical Council of India vs. Vedanta Institute of Academic Excellence Pvt. Ltd.
Swamy Devi Dayal Hospital and Dental College vs. Union of India
Medical Council of India vs. Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences KIMS)
The Medical Assessment and Rating Board lacks jurisdiction to retrospectively cancel admissions, emphasizing the need for procedural fairness in educational regulation.
The court established that the National Medical Commission Act grants the MARB the authority to regulate medical education standards, including the power to reduce student intake based on inspection ....
The court held that expert regulatory bodies' assessments of medical institutions' deficiencies are not to be overridden by the judiciary unless significant jurisdictional errors are proven.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the inspection, disapproval of renewal, and transfer of students were in accordance with the Establishment of Medical Colleges Regulation 1999....
Admission to MBBS Course – Denial of permission by Board of Governors in supersession of Medical Council of India owing to gross deficiencies of infrastructure, clinical material, teaching faculty an....
The court upheld the authority of the National Medical Commission to regulate medical education standards, emphasizing adherence to statutory requirements for college establishment.
The MARB has statutory authority under Section 26(1)(f) of the National Medical Commission Act, 2019, to transfer students between medical institutions due to deficiencies in compliance.
The authority of the MARB to issue directions for stoppage of admissions and cancellation of admissions, and the jurisdiction to allow filling of remaining seats in postgraduate courses were the cent....
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