IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH and NAWNEET KUMAR PANDEY, JJ.
Criminal Appeal (DB) No.304 of 2021
(6.12.2023)
Sukumar Jana ... Appellant
vs.
State of Bihar ... Respondent
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 376 and 384 – Rape and extortion – Conviction and sentence – Solitary evidence of victim of rape without any corroboration can be the basis for conviction but it is subject to condition that victim should be a sterling witness – Appellant was domestic help of victim lady and violated after intoxicating her and video-graphed the incident to extort money – FIR is totally silent on date or month when first occurrence had taken place – Story of prosecutrix as narrated in FIR is materially different from what she alleged in her statement recorded under Section 164 of Cr.P.C. – There is no allegation that after first alleged act of appellant prosecutrix was subsequently compelled to agree for sexual intercourse under threat of making photographs and video viral – Even at trial prosecutrix did not disclose date or month when occurrence had taken place at Gaya – Contents of WhatsApp chats have not been duly proved at trial – Prosecutrix cannot be said to be a sterling witness whose solitary evidence could be basis for convicting appellant for commission of rape – Trial Court rightly acquitted appellant of offences punishable under Sections 67 and 67A of IT Act – Prosecution cannot be said to have established beyond all reasonable doubts that prosecutrix was put by appellant in fear of any injury to her and thereby dishonestly induced her to deliver amount in his account – Entire case of prosecution becomes doubtful right from very beginning – Appellant acquitted of offences punishable under Sections 376 and 384 of IPC – Appeal allowed. (Paras 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 29, 31, 35, 36 and 37)
Criminal Law – Appreciation of evidence – A sterling witness should be of high quality and calibre and Court considering version of such witness should be in a position to accept for its face value without any hesitation – To test quality of such a witness, status of witness would be immaterial and what would be relevant is truthfulness of statement made by such a witness – What would be more relevant would be consistency of statement right from starting point till end. (Para 24)
Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J.—This appeal has been preferred by the appellant under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, putting to challenge a judgment of conviction dated 27.01.2021 and an order of sentence dated 30.01.2021, passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge-1-cum-Special Judge, Saharsa, in S.T. No. 180 of 2019, arising out of Saharsa P.S. Case No. 576 of 2019, whereby the appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:—
| Appellant | Penal Provision | Imprisonment | Sentence Fine (Rs.) | In default of fine |
| Sukumar Jana | 376 of the IPC | RI for 20 years | 50,000/- | S.I. for three month |
| @ Bitthu @ Bittu | 384 of the IPC | RI for three years | 10,000/- | S.I. for one months |
2. The appellant and his wife were charged of the offences punishable under Sections 384, 386 read with 34 of the IPC and Sections 500 and 501 thereof. They were also charged of the offences punishable under Sections 67 and 67A of the Information Technology Act, 2000 ('IT Act' in short) in the aforesaid trial. Additionally, the appellant was charged of the offences punishable under Sections 376, 354C and 354D of the IPC. By the impugned judgment and order, the trial court has recorded acquittal of the appellant’s wife/co-accused of all the charges for lack of evidence against her. The trial court has acquitted the appellant of the charge of offences punishable under Sections 67 and 67A of the IT Act, 354C, 500 and 386 of the IPC in absence of any cogent evidence adduced by the prosecution to establish the said charges against him. The trial court has concluded, on appreciation of evidence adduced at the trial, that the prosecution successfully proved beyond all reasonable doubts the charge of commission of offences punishable under Sections 376 and 384 of the IPC against the appellant and accordingly the appellant has been sentenced to imprisonment and fine, as noted above.
3. The prosecutrix (PW-2) is the informant, whose computer typed written report dated 28.06.2019 addressed to the Officer-in-Charge, Sadar P.S., Saharsa is the basis for registration of the concerned Saharsa Sadar P.S. Case No. 576 of 2019, disclosing commission of the offences punishable under Sections 384, 386, 506 read with Section 34 of the IPC to which Sections 354C, 354D, 376, 420, 500 and 501 of the IPC and Sections 67 and 67A of the IT Act were subsequently added under an order dated 08.08.2019 passed by the court below.
4. From the written report of the prosecutrix (PW-2), it transpires that few months before the registration of the FIR, her husband was posted at Gaya. During the said posting at Gaya, the appellant used to come to the residence of the prosecutrix (PW-2) as a domestic help. The prosecutrix (PW-2) alleged in her written report that the other day when her husband had gone to office and her children to school, the appellant was working in her house. On her asking, the appellant prepared tea and gave it to her. The appellant thereafter went to the kitchen. Soon after having taken tea, the prosecutrix (PW-2) collapsed in the bed and became unconscious. Upon regaining consciousness, she realized that something wrong had been committed with her. The appellant had disappeared in the meanwhile. The prosecutrix (PW-2), out of fear, did not disclose anything about the occurrence to her husband. The next day the appellant again came to the prosecutrix’s residence on the pretext as a domestic help. He thereafter displayed to the prosecutrix (PW-2) the photographs and videos, apparently in relation to what he had committed with her the previous day. Under the threat of making the photographs and videos viral on social media, the appellant told her to abide by his wishes. Out of fear the prosecutrix (PW- 2) touched his feet and beseeched him not to make the photographs and videos viral. He, however, did not relent and put off her clothes, committed rape upon her and again prepared numerous photographs and videos. He continued doing such acts subsequently un
The conviction cannot be based solely on the testimony of the prosecutrix if it is full of contradictions and lacks corroborative evidence.
The court established that a victim's testimony, while crucial, must be corroborated; contradictions in the prosecutrix's statements rendered the conviction unsafe.
The acquittal of the accused was upheld due to insufficient evidence and inconsistencies in the victim's testimony, demonstrating the high burden of proof required in rape cases.
The judgment establishes that the sole testimony of a prosecutrix in a rape case must be credible and consistent; otherwise, it cannot be relied upon for conviction, especially in the absence of corr....
Point of Law : Prosecution has failed to prove its case against the accused beyond reasonable doubt - Testimony of prosecutrix is infirm, contradictory and doubtful, which does not inspire confidence....
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