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2024 Supreme(Pat) 335

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
BIBEK CHAUDHURI, J.
Ranjit Kumar @ Guddu, son of Late Hare Ram Singh - Petitioner
Versus
The State Of Bihar Through The Chief Secretary, Bihar, Patna and Ors. - Respondents
Criminal Writ Jurisdiction Case No.649 of 2017
Decided On : 01-03-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Sanjeev Ranjan, Adv., Ms. Aastha Ananya, Adv.
For the Respondents: Mr. Arvind Kumar, Adv., Mr. V.N.P. Sinha, Sr. Adv., Mr. Vijay Anand, Adv.

IMPORTANT POINT
A second FIR cannot be registered for the same transaction involving cognizable offences; all related offences must be investigated under a single FIR.

Headnote:

FIR - Criminal Procedure - Sections 120B IPC, 30(a), 38, 41 Bihar Prohibition and Excise Act, 2016 - The court discussed the legal framework surrounding the registration of FIRs, emphasizing that multiple FIRs cannot be registered for the same transaction. It highlighted the principle that all cognizable offences arising from the same occurrence should be investigated under a single FIR, as established in precedents like T. T. Antony v. State of Kerala. The court concluded that the second FIR was impermissible as it related to the same transaction as the first, thus quashing it and directing the investigation to proceed under the first FIR.

Fact of the Case:

The case arose from a police operation where a syndicate was allegedly transporting and selling Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL) illegally in Bihar. Following a tip-off, police apprehended individuals and seized liquor from a pickup van and a car. Subsequent investigations led to the recovery of more liquor from a residence, resulting in two FIRs being filed by different police stations for the same incident.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that both FIRs stemmed from the same transaction involving the illegal transport and sale of liquor. It ruled that the second FIR was not permissible as it violated the principle of one FIR for one transaction, as established in prior case law.

Issues: Whether two FIRs can be registered for the same transaction involving cognizable offences, and whether the second FIR should be quashed.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that a second FIR is not permissible if it pertains to the same transaction as the first FIR. The test of sameness must be applied to determine if both FIRs relate to the same incident or are parts of the same transaction.

Final Decision: The court quashed the second FIR (Jurabanpur P.S. Case No. 04 of 2017) and directed that the investigation be consolidated under the first FIR (Khusrupur P.S. Case No. 21 of 2017).

JUDGMENT :

(Bibek Chaudhuri, J.) :

Khusrupur P.S. Case No. 21 of 2017, dated 5th of February, 2017, was registered on the basis of a suo motu complaint made by one Mritunjay Kumar, SHO, Khusrupur Police Station, alleging, inter alia, that on 4th of February, 2017 at about 10.00 P.M. in Hardas Bigha Petrol Pump on NH 30 old road under the said police station, he was performing night patrolling duty along with S.H.O., Vinay Kumar Mishra, Constables of Armed Forces, namely, Anil Kumar Singh, Mithilesh Kumar, Rakesh Kumar Singh Das and Rana. When they reached near Hardas Bigha Petrol Pump, one Md. Mustaqe attached to Special Task Force (herein after referred to as the STF) of Patna informed him on telephone that they received a secret information to the effect that some people from the State of Haryana formed an organized syndicate to sell liquor in no liquor State of Bihar. It was also informed that for the last two or three months, a group of persons forming a syndicate, had been selling liquor by transporting it in closed containers inside pickup vans in order to earn huge sum of money. Even on 4th of February, 2017, a big pick up container with Registration No. HR62-8670 with a sticker “Bank Duty, Government of India”, pasted thereon with ZX Plus Security, persons were moving at different places of the State and supplied Indian Made Foreign Liquor (herein after referred to as the “IMFL” for short) to Diara area via Gyaspur Pipa Pul and Khusrupur and the said pick-up van was followed by a Tata Indigo Car, bearing Registration No. BR1CF-2846, which also carried liquor inside it. The leader of the syndicate member would come soon to receive the money in exchange of supplying liquor.

2. On receiving the said information from STF, the informant gave necessary instructions to the force, and the police personnel, accompanying the informant, started waiting for arrival of the said container. At about 11.00 P.M., a security van having Registration No. HR-62-8670 came from the Gyaspur side. The police party surrounded the said vehicle and stopped it. Meanwhile, a Tata Indigo ECSXL Car, bearing Registration No. BR01CF-2486 also came from behind and was apprehended. Meanwhile, Commando Team of STF also reached the location. In order to witness police action, local people assembled at the spot. The police called two independent witnesses, namely, Nandu Paswan and Umesh Kumar and conducted search of the security van and closed container attached therewith. The police recovered a cartoon of Haryana made 375 ml. Royal Stag Classic Whisky (24 bottles) in which two bottles are empty. In the said cartoon and bottles, it was specifically stamped “for sale in Harayana only”. On being asked, the driver of the security van told his name as Sumit Bajaj, resident of Hisar in Harayana. A young man was sitting on the left side of the driver, he told his name as Mayank Bajaj. He was also a resident of Hisar. Then, the police party seized the said Tata Indigo Car. One Ranjeet Kumar @ Guddu was driving the said car. Another person, who was sitting on the seat by the side of the driver, disclosed his name as Ajayant. The persons, who were sitting on the back seat of the said car were Anil Kumar Jaiswal and Santosh Chaudhary. On search, police recovered one cartoon of 375 ml. Royal Stag Classic Whiskey from the boot space of the car. The IMFL recovered from pickup van and the Tata Indigo car were seized by the police and proper seizure list was prepared. The apprehended persons could not produce any document in support of their possession and sale of IMFL in Bihar. Accordingly, they were arrested. It was learnt on interrogation that the accused persons used to run a syndicate to sell IMFL illegally in Bihar. The seized liquor was ordered by Ajayant and those were supposed to be unloaded in the house and shop of one Lagan Ram at Virpur, Diara within the police station Jurabanpur. It was also learnt during interrogation that two cartoons of liquor were supplied

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