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2025 Supreme(Pat) 81

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
G. ANUPAMA CHAKRAVARTHY, J.
Criminal Appeal (SJ) Nos. 90 with 213 of 2004
(8.1.2025)
Dilkeshwar Tiwary (in 90)
Arjun Tiwary (in 213) ... Appellants
vs.
State of Bihar ... Respondent
(in both)

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : M/s Dineshwar Mishra, Anurag Kumar, Ruchi Arya(in both).
For the Respondent: Ms. Anita Kumari Singh, A.P.P.(in both).

Headnote:

Indian Evidence Act, 1872 – Chapter V Section 61 – Documentary Evidence – It is evident that in order to have the documents marked by the Court as Exhibits, a party must satisfy the Court that there is sufficient material for the Court to arrive at a prima facie view that: (a) the "contents" of the document are proved (i.e. the document exists), (b) the signature or handwriting on the document, if any, are proved (i.e. the document is genuine), (c) in some case, the witness who seeks to tender the document in evidence has personal knowledge of the document (i.e. that the witness is in a position to prove the accuracy or truth of the contents of the document), (d) the document is not inherently or ab initio inadmissible on some other ground (e.g. irrelevance, privilege, non-registration), and the document has been appropriately stamped, if so required by law – The procedure of the Trial Court has to be in accordance with law as far as marking of documents is concerned and it cannot mark document through any witness it chooses. (Paras 16 & 17)

Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Section 307 and Arms Act, 1959 – Section 27 read with Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 – Section 313 – Attempt to murder – Examination of accused – The examination of the appellants was not completed properly as envisaged under Section 313 of Cr.P.C. and as per guidelines laid down by the Apex Court – No firearm injury received on the body of the victim so as to prove the contents of the fardbeyan or his evidence – therefore, the prosecution has miserably failed to prove that the appellants had the intention to kill the injured, attracting Section 307/34 IPC – Conviction set aside. (Paras 17 & 19)

Indrakunwar Vs. State of Chhattisgarh, 2023 SCC OnLine SC 1364; Naval Kishore Singh Vs. State of Bihar, (2004) 7 SCC 502; Premchand Vs. State of Maharashtra, 2023 (2) BLJ 341 (SC) : (2023) 5 SCC 522; Sanatan Naskar Vs. State of West Bengal, (2010) 8 SCC 249; Kalicharan Vs. State of Uttar Pradesh, 2023 (1) BLJ 278 (SC) : (2023) 2 SCC 583 – Relied.

G. Anupama Chakravarthy, J.—Criminal Appeal (SJ) No. 213 of 2004 is preferred by Arjun Tiwary and Criminal Appeal (SJ) No. 90 of 2004 is preferred by Dilkeshwar Tiwary. Arjun Tiwary is the son of Dilkeshwar Tiwary. Both the appeals arise out of the judgment dated 07.02.2004 on the file of First Additional Sessions Judge, Gaya in Sessions Trial No. 12 of 1998/120 of 1998, whereby Arjun Tiwary was convicted under Section 307 of the Indian Penal Code and Dilkeshwar Tiwary was convicted for the offences punishable under Section 307 r/w 34 of the Indian Penal Code and both were sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of seven years.

2. The case of the prosecution, as per the fardbeyan of the injured, Tejeshwar Tiwary, dated 02.10.1997, is that at about 09:00 AM on the same day while he was irrigating his field situated in Saidpur village, P.S. Mohanpur, Gaya District, the appellants Dilkeshwar Tiwary and his son Arjun Tiwary came with pistol and informed him that they will irrigate the fields. The informant objected, stating that he would irrigate the field. On this, Dilkeshwar Tiwary abused him and ordered to shoot firearm, whereupon Arjun Tiwary fired a gunshot at the informant, for which the informant/P.W. 1 sustained gun shot injury in his chest and fell down. Upon hearing the commotion, many people gathered and took the injured P.W. 1 to State Dispensary, Fatehpur for treatment. The informant further stated that appellant Arjun Tiwary shot him with intention to kill.

3. Basing on the fardbeyan, a case was registered at Mohanpur Police Station vide Case No. 110 of 1997 for the offences punishable under Section 324, 307, 504 r/w Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code and under Section 27 of the Arms Act. After investigation, the police submitted a chargesheet against both the appellants for the above mentioned offences.

4. The Learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, took cognizance and committed the case to the Court of Sessions, and in turn the case was transferred to First Additional Sessions Court, Gaya. The trial Court framed charges against the appellant Arjun Tiwary for the offence punishable under Section 307 of the Indian Penal Code and against the appellant Dilkeshwar Tiwary for the offence punishable under Section 307 r/w Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code. The charges were read and explained to them in Hindi, and both the appellants pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried.

5. It is pertinent to mention that on 04.07.1998, the trial Court passed a detailed order stating that charges should also be framed under Section 27 of the Arms Act along with offences triable under Indian Penal Code. However, it is found that the trial Court did not frame any charge against the appellants under Section 27 of the Arms Act, though fardbeyan clearly disclose that the injured P.W. 1 sustained injury due to a country made pistol.

6. On behalf of the prosecution, P.Ws. 1 to 4 were examined and Exhibit 1 to Exhibits 4 were marked.

7. After considering the entire evidence on record, the trial Court convicted the appellants as stated above.

8. The points for determination in this appeal are (i) whether the trial Court is rightly convicted both the appellants for the offences punishable under Section 307 and 307 r/w Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code? (ii) whether the prosecution was able to prove the guilt of the accused for the charged offences beyond reasonable doubt?

9. Heard Mr. Dineshwar Mishra, the Learned counsel for the appellants and Ms. Anita Kumari Singh, the Additional Public Prosecutor, for the State. Perused the entire record.

10. It is necessary to re-appreciate the entire evidence on record to determine the points of determination in this appeal. On perusal of the fardbeyan i.e. Exhibit 2, it is evident that the informant gave a statement to Pubhendra Kumar Suman, S.I. of Police Station at 12:30 hours on 02.01.1997, while he was undergoing treatment at State Dispensary, Fatehpur. The contents of the fardbeyan disclose t

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