IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
ALOK KUMAR PANDEY, J.
Akhilesh Prasad @ Akhilesh Singh, son of late Basudeo Prasad - Appellants
Versus
The State of Bihar - Respondents
CRIMINAL APPEAL (SJ) No.133 of 2009
Decided On : 26-03-2026
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 447, 341 and 307 – Criminal trespass, wrongful confinement and attempt to murder – Conviction and sentence – Doctor has proved injury report – Presence of injured witness/informant at place of occurrence cannot be discarded as he is sufferer of crime and has supported story of prosecution on point of place of occurrence, time of occurrence and manner of occurrence – As such, even if Investigating Officer of this case has not been examined, whole prosecution story cannot be thrown out in a case where place of occurrence is otherwise proved – Even if some minor discrepancies or inconsistencies are found in evidence of prosecution witnesses regarding manner of appearance of some of witnesses, whole story of prosecution cannot be thrown out when crux of prosecution story is quite intact and supportive of manner of occurrence, time of occurrence and how injured/informant suffered injuries – Other prosecution witnesses have also supported story of prosecution on point of assault – There was no intention on part of appellant regarding causing death – Incident of assault took place outside door of informant's house and no offence is made out under Section 447 of IPC – So far as sentence of appellant under Section 324 of I.P.C. is concerned, appellant is aged about 90 years, he is a first offender and appellant has remained in judicial incarceration for one year, one month and nine days – Sentence of appellant reduced to period already undergone – Appeal partly allowed. (Paras 26.1, 26.2, 27, 34, 37, 41 to 44)
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Section 307 – Attempt to murder – In order to attract Section 307 IPC, intention or knowledge to cause death is essential ingredient – Mere causing of grievous injury by a sharp cutting weapon is not sufficient to bring case within ambit of Section 307 IPC, unless intention or knowledge to cause death is clearly established – Intention under Section 307 of IPC is not directly proven but inferred from surrounding evidence, such as weapon used, part of body targeted, nature of injuries, force applied, and circumstances of the act – Since intent is a mental state, courts look at objective actions of accused to understand their subjective state of mind, focusing on factors like type of weapon, how it was used, and location and severity of injury. (Paras 33 and 36)
JUDGMENT :
This Interlocutory Application has been filed on behalf of the appellant for recalling the order dated 27.11.2018.
2. By filing a supplementary affidavit, it has been submitted that appellant of this appeal namely Akhilesh Prasad @ Akhilesh Singh is still alive. It is further submitted that due to a bona fide misunderstanding arising out of a telephonic communication, learned counsel for the appellant inadvertently informed the Court that the appellant had expired, whereas in fact, it was the father of the appellant who had died and not the appellant. It has further been submitted that the incorrect statement was neither intentional nor deliberate and no benefit could have accrued to the appellant by making such a submission. However, an unconditional apology has also been tendered on behalf of the appellant for the inadvertent mistake.
3. Learned counsel for the State has not controverted the aforesaid submissions.
4. Having considered the facts and circumstances of the case and the submissions made by the learned counsel for the appellant, this Court is satisfied that the incorrect statement was made due to a bona fide misunderstanding arising out of a telephonic communication.
5. Accordingly, the order dated 27.11.2018 is hereby recalled. The Criminal Appeal is restored to its original file and number.
6. I.A. No. 3 of 2018 is allowed.
Cr. Appeal (S.J.) No. 133 of 2009
7. Heard learned counsel for the appellant and learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the State.
8. The present appeal has been directed against the judgment of conviction dated 15.01.2009 and order of sentence dated 17.01.2009 passed by learned Additional District & Sessions Judge, F.T.C.-IV, Jehanabad in Sessions Trial No. 566 of 2006/138 of 2006, arising out of Hulasganj Ghosi P.S. Case No. 67 of 2005 (G.R. Case No. 413 of 2005) whereby and whereunder the appellant has been convicted for the offences punishable under Sections 447, 341 and 307 of the Indian Penal Code and has been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 7 years along with fine of Rs. 2,000/- under Section 307 of IPC and further sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for one month in each Sections 447 and 341 of IPC. In default of fine he is further awarded one month imprisonment. All the sentences have been directed to run concurrently.
9. As per prosecution case, the informant Bharteshwar Prasad (PW-6), while undergoing treatment at the clinic of Dr. Pravin Kumar, gave his fardbeyan before A.S.I. Balmiki Singh of Islampur Police Station on 21.03.2005 at about 10:30 A.M., stating inter alia that on 20.03.2005 at about 8:00 P.M., he returned to his house at village Keur from Islampur Bazaar. As soon as he opened his door, his co-villager Akhilesh Prasad (appellant), armed with a farsa, came to his door along with two unknown persons and abused him in filthy language. Upon protest by the informant, the accused persons disclosed that the informant used to demand the outstanding rent from the wife and sister of the appellant, who had been residing in the informant’s house at Islampur without paying rent for the last two and a half years. On this issue, the accused/appellant allegedly threatened the informant that he would teach the informant and his son Arun such a lesson that they would forget to demand the rent. After a brief altercation, the appellant Akhilesh Kumar, who was having a farsa in his hand, assaulted the informant by giving a farsa blow on his head with an intention to kill him. Due to the said assault, the informant sustained bleeding injuries and he became unconscious. He raised alarm for help upon which the local residents assembled at the place of occurrence. After seeing them, the accused persons fled away. The informant was taken to the clinic of Dr. Pravin Kumar at Islampur by the neighbours for treatment. During the course of treatment, he gained consciousness.
10. On the basis of fardbeyan given by the informant/PW-6, Hulasganj Ghosi P.S. Case No. 67 of 2005
The prosecution must prove its case beyond reasonable doubt, and the benefit of doubt goes in favor of the accused when the evidence is inconsistent and unreliable.
The intention to cause death and the sufficiency of the acts to cause death in the ordinary course of nature are essential elements of the offense of attempt to murder under Section 307 of the IPC. C....
The prosecution must prove intent and circumstances for a conviction under Section 307 IPC; otherwise, the accused benefit from reasonable doubt.
The prosecution failed to prove the charges of attempted murder and grievous hurt due to lack of evidence regarding intent and the nature of injuries.
Conviction for attempted murder requires clear intent, and evidence of extortion must be proven beyond reasonable doubt; insufficient evidence led to modifications in charges.
An injured witness's testimony, which is significant in establishing guilt, can confirm the prosecution's case, and delays in lodging FIR can be validly explained without undermining the case.
The conviction under Section 307 IPC was overturned due to lack of intention to cause death, while convictions under Sections 323, 324, and 341 IPC were upheld.
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