HIGH COURT OF CALCUTTA
S. K. DUTTA, AJAY KUMAR BASU
ISWAR MADAN MOHUN JIEW - Appellant
Versus
PRIYAMONI DASI - Respondent
Second Appeal No. 67 of 1970.
Decided On : September 16, 1971
DEBUTTAR PROPERTY - SHEBAIT - TRANSFER OF SHEBAIT RIGHT - VALIDITY - ADVERSE POSSESSION - LIMITATION - SUIT FOR RECOVERY OF POSSESSION - MAINTAINABILITY.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff, as the shebait of the deity, filed a suit for recovery of possession of the suit lands on removal of the defendant from the office of the shebait of the deity. The plaintiff claimed that the properties were gifted to her husband by the owner for meeting the expenses of sebapuja of the deity and that she had been carrying on the sebapuja as shebati of the deity. The defendant contended that the properties were not debuttar properties and that he had been in possession of the gifted properties in due compliance of sebapuja as required by the deed of gift.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the suit properties were absolute debuttar properties and that the plaintiff was its shebait. The court also held that the deed of gift was void ab initio as the law does not allow the transfer of shebait right and that the defendant could not acquire any right, title, and interest in the suit properties. The court further held that the defendant had been guilty of violation of the terms and conditions of the deed of gift and that the plaintiff was entitled to get back the suit properties from the defendant.
Issues: 1. Whether the suit properties were absolute debuttar properties or secular properties? 2. Whether the deed of gift was valid and legal? 3. Whether the plaintiff was competent to institute the present suit? 4. Whether there were justifiable grounds for removing the defendant from his office as defacto shebait? 5. Whether the suit was barred by limitation? 6. Whether the defendant had acquired title to the suit properties by adverse possession?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the suit properties were absolute debuttar properties on the basis of the original deed of dedication, the subsequent deeds of gift, and the fact that the entire income from the properties was used for sebapuja. 2. The court held that the deed of gift was void ab initio as the law does not allow the transfer of shebait right and that the defendant could not acquire any right, title, and interest in the suit properties. 3. The court held that the plaintiff was competent to institute the present suit as she was the shebait of the deity and had a duty to protect the properties of the deity. 4. The court held that there were justifiable grounds for removing the defendant from his office as defacto shebait as he had been guilty of violation of the terms and conditions of the deed of gift and had been asserting his adverse and hostile title against the deity. 5. The court held that the suit was not barred by limitation as the defendant had been in possession of the properties as an agent of the shebait or as de facto shebait holding the properties upon trust for deity. 6. The court held that the defendant had not acquired title to the suit properties by adverse possession as there was no animus for adverse possession and the statutory period of twelve years did not run out when the suit was instituted by the deity.
Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed with costs.
( 2 ) THE suit was contested by the defendant who filed a written statement denying all material allegations in the plaint. It was stated that the properties were not debuttar properties and never belonged to t
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