SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2023 Supreme(Cal) 1456

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
Sabyasachi Bhattacharyya, J.
X - Petitioner
Versus
The State of West Bengal and others - Respondents
WPA No. 21085 of 2023
Decided On : 31-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Protik Dhar, Mr. Chittapriya Ghosh, Mr. Kuntal Ray, Ms. Priyanka Saha
For the Respondent: Ms. Jhuma Chakraborty, Ms. Sangeeta Roy

Headnote:(A) Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 - Sections 4 and 6 - Indian Penal Code - Section 376(2)(n) - Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 - Sections 3(2)(b) and 5(1) - Petitioner, a 13-year-old survivor of aggravated sexual assault, became pregnant due to repeated acts of violence by a neighbor. Court recognized the traumatic impact of continued pregnancy on her mental and physical health, allowing termination irrespective of the statutory 24-week limit. (Paras 1, 3, 4, 25)

(B) Constitutional Law - Article 21 - The right to reproductive choice, integral to personal liberty, extends to the decision to terminate a pregnancy resulting from sexual assault. (Paras 10, 14, 18)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner is a minor survivor of aggravated penetrative sexual assault, victimized while alone at home due to her parents’ occupation. An FIR was filed, resulting in a medical examination confirming pregnancy. (Paras 1-2)

Findings of Court:
The court acknowledged the necessity for abortion given the petitioner’s age and the psychological impact of carrying the pregnancy to term, ordering immediate medical termination if deemed appropriate. (Paras 24-25)

Issues: The main issues involved the right to terminate a pregnancy resulting from sexual assault and the application of judicial discretion in such cases. (Paras 5-6)

Ratio Decidendi: The court upheld that circumstances warranting termination exist beyond the statutory limit of 24 weeks, emphasizing the impact of unwanted pregnancy on a survivor's mental health. (Paras 15-19, 25)

Result: Petition allowed; medical termination of pregnancy directed under strict supervision. (Para 26)

Table of Content
1. background of the minor victim's assault (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. petitioner's reliance on statutory provisions for abortion (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 9)
3. judicial reference to precedents on abortion rights for sexual assault survivors (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
4. termination deemed necessary to prevent trauma and health risks (Para 24 , 25)
5. court's directive for medical termination and care post-procedure (Para 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33)

JUDGMENT :

Sabyasachi Bhattacharyya, J.

1. The petitioner is a 13-year old girl, represented by the Officer-in-Charge/Person-in-Charge, Snehachhaya Child Care Institution. The petitioner is a minor girl and a student of Class-VI, aged about 13 years. She is a survivor of aggravated penetrative sexual assault and sexual exploitation, allegedly by a person around 34 years old.

2. The petitioner’s parents are migrant labourers who used to stay at Assam for earning livelihood and visit their native place once or twice a year. The petitioner, thus, had to stay alone at home with her younger sister. Needless to say, the petitioner comes from an extremely marginalized section of society, deprived of minimum financial means, care and protection. Taking advantage of the situation, a next-door neighbour perpetrated the criminal act as indicated above on repeated occasions on the petitioner. She could not disclose anything to anyone due to fear of public stigma and retribution by the assailant.

3. Subsequently, symptoms of pregnancy became visible and the petitioner was taken to the Digha State General Hospital on August 12, 2023. Thereafter, pursuant to a complaint lodged by the Superintendent, Digha SG Hospital, a First Information Report (FIR) was registered, inter alia under Section 3 76(2)(n) of the INDIAN PENAL CODE (IPC) and Sections 4 and 6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012.

4. The survivor/petitioner was taken into safe custody under the Child Welfare Committee (CWC), Purba Medinipur and was produced before the Medical Officer, Contai Sub-Divisional Hospital on August 13, 2023, where different tests were conducted on her, confirming the pregnancy of the petitioner. From a report from the diagnostic centre concerned, it transpires that as on August 18, 2023, the foetus was about 24 weeks and 6 days old. Thus, as of today, the foetus is almost 26 weeks old.

5. Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner places reliance on Section 3 (2)(b) of the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 (in short, “the MTP Act”) as well as the Explanation thereto and Section 5 (1) of the said Act as well.

6. Learned senior counsel also places reliance on a judgment of the Supreme Court and another judgment of this Court in support of his contention that in certain circumstances, keeping in view the trauma and anxiety of the survivor of offences such as the present one and keeping in view the surrounding circumstances, the Court can pass orders directing the medical termination of pregnancy even at an advanced stage after the statutory period of 24 weeks.

7. The State submits a report corroborating the apprehensions of the petitioner. Learned counsel for the State also submits that due action under the criminal jurisprudence has already been taken against the perpetrator of the offence.

8. Since the matter is not adversarial, no affidavits are directed.

9. The judgment of the Supreme Court cited by the petitioner is an unreported one dated August 21 , 2023 in the matter of XYZ Vs. The State of Gujarat and others.

10. In the said judgment the Supreme Court observed that the whole object of preferring a writ petition is to exercise the extraordinary discretion of the High Court in exercise of its constitutional power which is vested with the constitutional courts and discretion has to be exercised judiciously and having regard to the facts of the case, taking into consideration the relevant facts while leaving out irrele

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top