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2023 Supreme(Cal) 1542

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
AJOY KUMAR MUKHERJEE, J.
Ramesh Paul – Petitioner
Versus
Manoj Kumar Singh and Another – Respondents
CO No. 1638 of 2019
Decided On : 30-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioners: Partha Pratim Roy, Sk. Moinuddin, Swapna Mitra (Paul)
For the Respondents: Ezaz Khan, Pradip Kumar De, Ananya Adhikary, Amit Pachal

Headnote:(A) Consumer Protection Act, 1986 - Section 21(b) - Application under Article 227 of the Constitution of India - Petitioner claims non-compliance of a District Forum order resulting in compensation for sale deed execution. The State Commission dismisses an appeal citing lack of jurisdiction under the Act. The High Court concludes the petitioner should utilize available statutory remedies. (Paras 1, 4, 13, 14)

(B) Jurisdiction of the Court - High Courts should not interfere unless there is a gross miscarriage of justice, where an adequate alternative remedy is available. (Paras 12, 14)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner sought to compel the respondents to execute a sale deed for a shop room after having made substantial payments, but faced non-compliance despite a favorable District Forum order. (Paras 2, 3)

Findings of Court:
The High Court ruled the petitioner should pursue available statutory remedies before the National Commission against the State Commission’s order. (Paras 13, 14)

Issues: Whether the dispute qualifies under the Consumer Protection Act and the appropriateness of the High Court's intervention under Article 227. (Paras 4, 13)

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that statutory remedies must be exhausted before seeking intervention under Article 227, reaffirming the principle that the supervisory jurisdiction should not act where there exists an alternative remedy. (Paras 12, 14)

Result: C.O. 1638 of 2019 stands dismissed.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's complaint regarding property sale. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments on jurisdiction and consumer definition. (Para 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 11)
3. court's reasoning on alternative remedies. (Para 12 , 13 , 14)
4. order dismissing the petition. (Para 15)

JUDGMENT :

AJOY KUMAR MUKHERJEE, J.

1. Order impugned dated 1st march 2019 passed by the Learned State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, West Bengal in First Appeal No. A/745/2017 (arising out of order dated 28.04.2017 passed by the Learned the District Forum at Howrah in CC/356/2016) has been assailed by way of filing present application under article 227 of the constitution of the India.

2. Petitioner herein contended that petitioner filed a complain case before the District Forum contending that the opposite parties are the owner of land more or less 3 Katha 15 square feet comprised holding no. 37/1 and 37, I.R. Belilious Lane, Howrah, wherein they have constructed and developed one G+3 building over the said property and offered to sell one shop room measuring about 150 square feet area together with undivided proportionate share of land, including all sorts of common facilities on the ground floor and the petitioner herein for earning his daily livelihood, desired to purchase the same and accordingly one agreement for sale was prepared on 04.04.2012, which was notarized on 04.05.2012. The total consideration price for the same was settled at Rs. 12 lakh and petitioner paid earnest money of Rs. 2 lakh and obtained receipt on 21.04.2012. On 07.06.2012 the petitioner further paid Rs. 5 lakh by two separate cheques and the opposite party no. 1 herein issued two separate receipts. On 23.07.2012 the petitioner further paid Rs. 67,000/- by cheque being no. 255664 dated 24.07.2012 after obtaining money receipt on 23.07.2012. Thereafter petitioner paid Rs. 1 lakh 33 thousand by cash.

3. Petitioner further contended that the petitioner repeatedly requested the opposite parties to receive the rest amount to execute the deed of sale but they have deliberately failed to discharge their duty and for which the petitioner sent a legal notice through his Learned advocate on 08.11.2016 but as opposite parties did nothing the petitioner herein was compelled to file the complain case before Learned District Consumer Dispute Redressal forum at Howrah being case no. 356 of 2016, which was decided by the said Forum on 28.04.2017, allowing the said case ex-parte with costs against the opposite parties, with a direction to execute and register the sale deed within one month and also to pay Rs. 50,000/- out of which Rs. 40,000/- is to be deposited at the Consumer Legal Aid A/c and the rest is to be paid to the petitioner herein towards compensation.

4. Feeling arrived by the said order the opposite parties herein filed aforesaid appeal before the State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission, West Bengal, being appeal no. 745 of 2017, which came up for hearing on 01.03.2019. Learned State Commission observed that the case of the petitioner does not come within the purview of Consumer Protection Act, 1986 and set aside the order of the learned District Forum but liberty was given to the petitioner to approach before appropriate court in accordance with law for getting the said deed executed.

5. Mr. Partha Pratim Roy learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner submits that the matter may be decided as per provision of the Building Act along with the provisions under Consumer Protection Act. He further submits that the opposite parties have received Rs. 9 lakh out of Rs. 12 lakh. Mr. Roy further contended that in the agreement the opposite parties have clearly mentioned to provide “service” to the petitioner and as per written agreement the petitioner has invested huge money towards the service and as such the dispute comes within the definition of “consumer dispute.” In fact State Commission has erred in law and facts in deciding the issue in favour of the opposite partie

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