IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
TAPABRATA CHAKRABORTY, PARTHA SARATHI CHATTERJEE, JJ.
Manjula Ghosh and Another – Appellants
Versus
Anjan Ghosh and Another – Respondents
F.A. No. 72 of 2018
Decided On : 03-03-2023
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. probate granted based on a will's validity. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. appeal against probate highlights procedural errors. (Para 3 , 4 , 5) |
| 3. requirements for proving a will outlined. (Para 8 , 9) |
| 4. definition of suspicious circumstances in wills. (Para 10 , 11) |
| 5. witness credibility and evidence reliability assessed. (Para 12 , 13 , 14) |
| 6. contentions regarding undue influence need evidence. (Para 15 , 16 , 17) |
| 7. court discretion in evidence related to handwriting. (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21) |
| 8. holograph will executed without suspicion affirmed. (Para 22) |
| 9. appeal dismissed; judgment affirmed. (Para 23 , 24 , 25) |
JUDGMENT :
PARTHA SARATHI CHATTERJEE, J.
1. Judgment dated 19.04.2017 passed by the learned Additional District Judge, 3rd Court, North 24 Parganas, Barasat in O.S. No. 32 of 2006, whereby direction was given to grant probate in respect of the last Will and testament executed by the testator on 12.05.1986, has been called in question in the present appeal.
2. Facts giving rise to this appeal, in brief, are follows:
(ii) It was claimed that in the Will, which was a hologragh Will, Anjan Ghosh was appointed as the sole executor and testator died leaving behind two sons including the propounder and one Ranjan Ghosh and two daughters namely, Manjula Ghosh and Ramala Das.
(iii) It was alleged therein that the Will was duly executed and attested and at the time of execution of the Will, testator was of sound and disposing state of mind and hence, the Will was fit to be probated.
(iv) On receipt of citation, daughters of the testator (hereinafter referred to as the appellants) impeached the Will by filing joint written objection and the proceeding became contentious in consequence and the same was referred to the Court of learned District Judge wherein it was renumbered as O.C. Case No. 32 of 2006.
(v) Crux of the defence taken in the written objection is that Will was collusive, fraudulent and manufactured and testator had never executed such Will and the signatures appearing on the alleged Will were not of the testators and attesting witnesses were the yes-men of the propounder and at the time of execution of the alleged Will, testator was old and hence, he was not physically fit and mentally alert and the testator did not execute the Will voluntarily and amounts lying in the name of their mother in the bank and post office, MIS have been included in the schedule of the Will and lastly, it was claimed that propounder is not entitled to get probate in respect of the alleged Will.
(vi) Record reveals that in corroboration of the facts depicted in the application for grant of probate, propounder adduced oral testimonies of two witnesses including one attesting witness, namely, Kanai Kar and himself who were examined as PW-1 and PW-2 respectively and on the other hand, to resist the grant of probate, both the daughters of the testator deposed and were examined as DW-1 and DW-2.
(vii) PW-1 proved the Will, marked as Ext.-1 whereas the respondents tendered one book, cover page of which was marked as Ext.-A and testator’s signature appearing thereon was marked as Ext.-A/1 on admission.
(viii) After closure of the evidence and after the case was fixed for argument, appellants had filed an application for comparison of the signatures appearing on the cover page of that book with the signatures of the testator appearing on the Will but the learned Court below by passing an order dated 10.05.2016 decided to hear the application at the time of argument of the case. Order dated 10.05.2016 has not been assailed in any higher f
Ajit Ch. Majumdar v. Akhil Ch. Majumdar
Ajoy Kr. Das & Ors. vs. Kalpana Das & Ors. 2007 (2) CHN 257 (Cal)
Babulall Choukhani v. Caltex (India) Ltd. AIR 1967 Cal 205
H. Venkatachala Iyengar vs. B.N. Thimmajamma
Indubala Bose vs. Manindra Chandra Bose
Ishwardeo Narain Singh v. Smt. Kamta Devi & Ors. AIR 1954 SC 280
Surendra Pal & Ors. vs. Dr. Saraswati Arora & Anr. AIR 1974 SC 1999
The propounder of a Will must prove valid execution by confirming compliance with legal requirements, and any allegations of forgery or mental incapacity must be substantiated by the contesting party....
The validity of a Will is upheld when properly executed, and the burden of proving undue influence or fraud lies with objectors, not the propounder.
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