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2025 Supreme(Cal) 222

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
REETOBROTO KUMAR MITRA
Golam Sabir – Appellant
Versus
Piramal Capital and Housing Finance Limited – Respondent


Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Proshit Deb, Sucheta Mitra
For the Respondents: Soni Ojha, Sambrita B. Chatterjee

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, the key points are as follows:

  1. The core issue revolves around whether a housing finance company (HFC), specifically the respondent, qualifies as a non-banking financial company (NBFC) under applicable regulations, thus determining its authority to invoke the SARFAESI Act for debt recovery (!) (!) .

  2. The petitioners obtained a home loan from the respondent, which was classified as a non-performing asset after default, prompting the respondent to issue a notice under Section 13(2) of the SARFAESI Act for recovery of dues (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  3. The petition challenges the respondent’s authority to invoke the SARFAESI Act, arguing that as a housing finance company registered under the Act of 1987, it is not classified as a NBFC and therefore cannot act under the thresholds set for NBFCs (!) (!) (!) .

  4. The respondent contends that it is a NBFC, as classified by various regulatory notifications and classifications issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), including the inclusion of the respondent in a recent official notification of NBFCs (!) (!) (!) .

  5. The court examined the regulatory framework, including press releases, notifications, and circulars, establishing that housing finance companies registered under the Act of 1987 are now classified as NBFCs, and thus fall within the jurisdiction of the SARFAESI Act when the secured debt exceeds the specified threshold (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  6. The court found that the respondent was specifically notified as a NBFC, and consequently, the threshold limits for invoking the SARFAESI Act apply. Since the claim amount was below Rs. 20 lakh, the respondent's action under the SARFAESI Act was deemed without jurisdiction and was set aside (!) (!) .

  7. The court also addressed procedural aspects, noting that the petitioners' challenge on jurisdiction is valid and that the remedy under the SARFAESI Act is not an efficacious alternative for contesting the jurisdictional issue raised in the writ petition (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  8. The decision clarifies that, despite the respondent being a housing finance company, its classification as a NBFC based on recent notifications and regulations makes it subject to the thresholds and provisions of the SARFAESI Act (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  9. The court ordered that since the action was without jurisdiction, it is to be set aside, but the respondent is free to pursue recovery through other lawful means, as appropriate (!) .

  10. No costs were awarded, and the court emphasized that urgent certified copies of the order could be provided upon application (!) (!) .

In summary, the court's ruling hinges on the classification of the respondent as a NBFC under recent regulatory notifications, which imposes a threshold limit on the invocation of the SARFAESI Act. Since the claim was below this limit, the respondent's action was found to be without jurisdiction and was accordingly nullified.


JUDGMENT :

REETOBROTO KUMAR MITRA, J.

1. On a very short factual conspectus, a rather interesting question of law has arisen.

2. The facts in a nutshell are summarised hereunder:

a. the petitioners had availed of a home loan for a sum of Rs.13,20,800/- from the respondent no. 1 on September 19, 2023, against the security of an equitable mortgage.

b. Though the petitioners made certain payments towards liquidation of the loan, they were unable to clear the entire outstanding amount. Thus, there was a default on the part of the petitioners in repayment of the loan. The petitioners' account was classified as a non-performing asset on September 3, 2024.

c. Upon the petitioners' credit facility being classified as a non-performing asset, the respondent no. 1 issued a notice under Section 13(2) of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (hereinafter the Act) on September 14, 2024. The demand in this notice by the respondent no. 1 from the petitioners was for recovery of a sum of Rs. 13,86,974.82/-.

3. It is in this factual conspectus that the writ petition has been filed challenging the authority of the respondent to invoke the pr

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Judicial Analysis

None.

The provided case law list contains a single case, and there is no indication that it has been overruled, reversed, criticized, or otherwise treated as bad law.

The language in the list appears to be a description of the case's subject matter (housing finance and related regulations) rather than any judicial treatment or subsequent judicial history.

Without explicit references to subsequent treatment or judicial history, it is not possible to classify this case as overruled or bad law.

[Uncategorized—Insufficient information]

The sole case law provided does not contain any explicit treatment indicators such as "followed," "distinguished," "overruled," or "reversed."

It appears to be a descriptive excerpt rather than a judicial decision with a clear treatment history.

Therefore, it cannot be grouped under treatment patterns like "followed" or "criticized."

[Case law: INDCAL00000021083]

The treatment status of this case law is unclear because the provided excerpt does not include any references to how subsequent courts have treated it.

There are no keywords indicating whether it has been overruled, reversed, criticized, or followed.

Given the lack of treatment indicators, its judicial standing remains uncertain based solely on the information provided.

**Source :** GOLAM SABIR AND ANR. vs PIRAMAL CAPITAL HOUSING FINANCE LIMTIED AND ORS. - Calcutta

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