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2024 Supreme(Chh) 36

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
RAMESH SINHA, RAVINDRA KUMAR AGRAWAL, JJ.
Pramod Nayak Son of Mahettar Nayak – Appellant
Versus
State of Chhattisgarh - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 464 of 2022
Decided on : 03-01-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Ms. Sareena Khan, Advocate.
For the Respondent:Mr. Avinash K. Mishra, Government Advocate

Headnote:

Criminal Appeal - Conviction under Section 302 IPC - 450 IPC, 307 IPC, 302 IPC - The court affirmed the finding that the death of the deceased was homicidal in nature and upheld the conviction of the accused as the perpetrator of the crime. The court rejected the argument to convert the conviction to Section 304 Part-I or Part-II of the IPC. The court applied legal principles from various Supreme Court cases to determine the applicability of Exception 4 to Section 300 of IPC and concluded that the appellant's case fell within the purview of Exception 4, leading to the alteration of the conviction to Section 304 Part-I of the IPC.

Fact of the Case:

The appellant was convicted under Section 302 of the IPC for causing the death of the deceased and assaulting others with an iron pipe. The prosecution's case was supported by eyewitness testimonies and medical evidence.

Finding of the Court:

The court affirmed the finding that the death of the deceased was homicidal in nature and upheld the conviction of the accused as the perpetrator of the crime. The court rejected the argument to convert the conviction to Section 304 Part-I or Part-II of the IPC.

Issues: The key issues revolved around the nature of the death, the identity of the perpetrator, and the applicability of Exception 4 to Section 300 of IPC.

Ratio Decidendi: The court applied legal principles from various Supreme Court cases to determine the applicability of Exception 4 to Section 300 of IPC and concluded that the appellant's case fell within the purview of Exception 4, leading to the alteration of the conviction to Section 304 Part-I of the IPC.

Final Decision: The court set aside the conviction under Section 302 of the IPC and convicted the appellant under Section 304 Part-I of the IPC, sentencing him to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 10 years. The criminal appeal was partly allowed to the extent indicated.

JUDGMENT :

Ramesh Sinha, J.

1. The appellant has preferred this appeal under Section 374 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (for short, the Cr.P.C.) questioning the impugned judgment dated 21.12.2021 passed by the learned First Additional Sessions Judge, Sakti, District Janjgir Champa, in Sessions Trial No. 01/2018, whereby the appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:

Conviction Under Section

Sentence

Fine

In default of payment of fine

450 IPC

Rigorous imprisonment (for short, R.I.) for 5 years

Rs. 1000/-

Additional R.I. for 6 months

307 IPC (two times)

R.I. for 5 years

Rs. 1000/-

Additional R.I. for 6 months.

302 IPC

R.I. for life

Rs. 1000/-

Additional R.I. for 6 months.

2. Case of the prosecution, in short, is that on 25.09.2017, at 1:30 p.m. Tihari Bai (hereinafter referred to as 'the deceased'), Rambai (PW-4) (hereinafter referred to as 'the complainant'), Lokabai (PW-1) and Sonibai (PW-7) were having their lunch at their home. At that time, the accused/appellant entered their house, bolted the door from inside and when the deceased stopped him and tried to open the door, appellant brutally assaulted on the head and other parts of her body by iron pipe. On intervention by the complainant, Lokabai and Sonibai, appellant assaulted them also with the iron pipe. All the injured were taken to the Community Health Centre, Malkharoda. The deceased was referred to Jindal Hospital, Raigarh and from there, she was taken some other hospital for better treatment, however, on 30.09.2017, at about 11:45 a.m., the deceased succumbed to the injuries.

3. The first information report (Exhibit P/8) bearing Crime No. 156/2017 was registered on 25.09.2017 at about 14:45 p.m. at the instance of the complainant-Ram Bai Sahu (PW-4) wherein it was alleged that the as the appellant was having one-sided love affair with the complainant, he asked the complainant to elope with him but when the said incident came to the knowledge of the parents of the complainant, they abused him upon which the appellant, on the date of incident entered their house and assaulted the deceased and her daughters. The FIR was registered against the appellant for the offences punishable under Sections 452, 294, 506, 323 of the IPC.

4. During the course of treatment, the injured succumbed to the injuries on 30.09.2017 upon which Merg Intimation (Exhibit P/7) was recorded at about 12:45 p.m. by the police on the intimation given by Gopi Kishan Sahu (PW-5).

5. After investigating the matter, the police submitted the police report alongwith charge-sheet against the appellant/convict under section 452, 294, 506, 323, 307, 302 and 450 of the IPC and accordingly, the case was registered as Sessions Trial No. 01/2018.

6. The learned Second Additional Sessions Judge, Sakti, framed charge on 16.01.2018 charging the appellant/accused for the offence punishable under Section 450, 452, 323 (two counts) and 302 of the IPC. The accused/appellant denied the charges and prayed for trial.

7. Amongst others, the prosecution has exhibited the following documents in support of its case:

    Property Seizure Memo (Exhibit P/1)

Spot Panchnama (Exhibit P/2)

Spot Map (Exhibit P/3)

Summons under Section 175 of Cr.P.C. (Exhibit P/4)

Crime Details Form (Exhibits P/5 & P/6)

Merg Intimation (Exhibit P/7)

First Information Report (Exhibit P/8)

Statement of Ku. Ram Bai Sahu (Exhibit P/9)

Inquest Report (Exhibit P/17)

Memorandum & Duty Certificate(Exhibit P/18)

Property Seizure Memo & Memo of Query Report (Exhibit P/19)

Property Seizure Memo, Medical treatment documents of Tiharin Bai (Exhibit P/20)

Query Report (Exhibit P/20A)

Statement of Geeta Ram Sahu, Statement of Smt. Shanti Sahu, Memo for Query report & Bed Head Ticket of Soni Kumari (Exhibit P/21)

Query report, Statement of Nand Kumar Sidar, Bed Head Ticket of Tiharin Bai Sahu & Bed Head Ticket of Loka Sahu (Exhibi

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