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2025 Supreme(Chh) 307

HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
NARENDRA KUMAR VYAS, J.
Smt. Abha Namdeo & Others – Petitioners
Versus
The State Of Chhattisgarh & Others – Respondents
WPS No. 11009 of 2025, WPS/13258/2025, WPS/13244/2025, WPS/13259/2025, WPS/13240/2025, WPS/13238/2025, WPS/13263/2025, WPS/13242/2025, WPS/13264/2025, WPS/13237/2025, WPS/13235/2025, WPS/13236/2025, WPS/13230/2025, WPS/13231/2025, WPS/13232/2025, WPS/13195/2025, WPS/13214/2025, WPS/13191/2025, WPS/13179/2025, WPS/13171/2025, WPS/13181/2025, WPS/13142/2025, WPS/13183/2025, WPS/13156/2025, WPS/13170/2025, WPS/13172/2025, WPS/13218/2025, WPS/13180/2025, WPS/13208/2025, WPS/13182/2025, WPS/13211/2025, WPS/13185/2025, WPS/13210/2025, WPS/13217/2025, WPS/12924/2025, WPS/13044/2025, WPS/3410/2025, WPS/11986/2025, WPS/12471/2025, WPS/12467/2025, WPS/10593/2025, WPS/13054/2025, WPS/3734/2025, WPS/3795/2025, WPS/12392/2025, WPS/3733/2025, WPS/3787/2025, WPS/12672/2025, WPS/9035/2025, WPS/3732/2025, WPS/12245/2025, WPS/9018/2025, WPS/11979/2025, WPS/3728/2025, WPS/13015/2025, WPS/12807/2025, WPS/12886/2025, WPS/12910/2025, WPS/12802/2025, WPS/12953/2025, WPS/13021/2025, WPS/12863/2025, WPS/12782/2025, WPS/12991/2025, WPS/12945/2025, WPS/12947/2025, WPS/12606/2025, WPS/13018/2025, WPS/12955/2025, WPS/12799/2025, WPS/12874/2025, WPS/12408/2025, WPS/12832/2025, WPS/12800/2025, WPS/12882/2025, WPS/12877/2025, WPS/13129/2025, WPS/12913/2025, WPS/12990/2025, WPS/12976/2025, WPS/13002/2025, WPS/13066/2025, WPS/13088/2025, WPS/12828/2025, WPS/13039/2025, WPS/12967/2025, WPS/13029/2025, WPS/13058/2025, WPS/12942/2025, WPS/12803/2025, WPS/13042/2025, WPS/13124/2025, WPS/13056/2025, WPS/13049/2025, WPS/13028/2025, WPS/12820/2025, WPS/13154/2025, WPS/13149/2025, WPS/13141/2025, WPS/13128/2025, WPS/13109/2025, WPS/13160/2025, WPS/13108/2025, WPS/13134/2025, WPS/13155/2025, WPS/13131/2025, WPS/12881/2025, WPS/13157/2025, WPS/13127/2025, WPS/13144/2025, WPS/13120/2025, WPS/13161/2025, WPS/13146/2025, WPS/13092/2025, WPS/13071/2025, WPS/13043/2025, WPS/13025/2025, WPS/13032/2025, WPS/13031/2025, WPS/13030/2025, WPS/11407/2025, WPS/11378/2025, WPS/11373/2025, WPS/11197/2025, 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WPS/11431/2025, WPS/10771/2025, WPS/10645/2025, WPS/10894/2025, WPS/12008/2025, WPS/11225/2025, WPS/12006/2025, WPS/11348/2025, WPS/9801/2025, WPS/11029/2025, WPS/11338/2025, WPS/11315/2025, WPS/11568/2025, WPS/11276/2025, WPS/12065/2025, WPS/10898/2025, WPS/10805/2025, WPS/11915/2025, WPS/9974/2025, WPS/11406/2025, WPS/12162/2025, WPS/12313/2025, WPS/11835/2025, WPS/10400/2025, WPS/11279/2025, WPS/11031/2025, WPS/11127/2025, WPS/12155/2025, WPS/10957/2025, WPS/11901/2025, WPS/11741/2025, WPS/11252/2025, WPS/10809/2025, WPS/9953/2025, WPS/12377/2025, WPS/10765/2025, WPS/11498/2025, WPS/10807/2025, WPS/11311/2025, WPS/10808/2025, WPS/10404/2025, WPS/10694/2025, WPS/11690/2025, WPS/9870/2025, WPS/9872/2025, WPS/11107/2025, WPS/10707/2025, WPS/11313/2025, WPS/11227/2025, WPS/11500/2025, WPS/10979/2025, WPS/10428/2025, WPS/11868/2025, WPS/9998/2025, WPS/10106/2025, WPS/11567/2025, WPS/11504/2025, WPS/11108/2025, WPS/10060/2025, WPS/10289/2025, WPS/11250/2025, WPS/12174/2025, 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WPS/10703/2025, WPS/10838/2025, WPS/10650/2025, WPS/10657/2025, WPS/10842/2025, WPS/10680/2025, WPS/10660/2025, WPS/10661/2025, WPS/10700/2025, WPS/10759/2025, WPS/10659/2025, WPS/10672/2025, WPS/11676/2025, WPS/10683/2025, WPS/10655/2025, WPS/10720/2025, WPS/10673/2025, WPS/10663/2025, WPS/10641/2025, WPS/11680/2025, WPS/10651/2025, WPS/10614/2025, WPS/10413/2025, WPS/10214/2025, WPS/11140/2025, WPS/11050/2025, WPS/11221/2025, WPS/11204/2025, WPS/11002/2025, WPS/10122/2025, WPS/10112/2025, WPS/10107/2025, WPS/10097/2025, WPS/10094/2025, WPS/10336/2025, WPS/10081/2025, WPS/10077/2025, WPS/9944/2025, WPS/10989/2025, WPS/10986/2025, WPS/10958/2025, WPS/10982/2025, WPS/10978/2025, WPS/10930/2025, WPS/10987/2025, WPS/10800/2025, WPS/10613/2025
Decided On : 24-11-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Manoj Pranjpe, Senior Advocate alongwith Ms. Apoorva Ghore , Mr. Paraga Kotecha, Mr. Mateen Siddiqui with Mr. Ghanshyam Kashyap, Mr. Sachin Nidhi, Mr. Anjay Mishra, Mr. Govind Dewangan, Mr. Rupendra Dewangan, Mr. Rajesh Kumar Singh Chauhan, Mr. Prasoon Agrawal, Mr. Shalvik Tiwari, Mr. Manish Kumar Sahu on behalf of Mr. Awadh Tripathi, Mr. Aniruddha Shrivastava alongwith Ms. Astha Patel, Mr. Rajendra Patel, Mr. Khilendra Sahu, Mr. Aditya Sharma, Mr. Vivek Sahu & Ms. Sharda Prasad alongwith Mr. Rahul Mishra, Mr. Nikhil Wadhwani, Mr. Ishan Verma, Mr. Anmol Sharma, Ms. Ankita Shukla, Mr. Amitesh Kumar Pandey, Mr. Nelson Panna with Mr. Ashutosh Mishra, Ms. Shalini Kashyap, Ms. Rameshwari Kumari, Mr. Rudra Pratap Dubey, Ms. Sweksha Sharma, Mr. Mukesh Kauhsik with Mr. Kaushal Yadav, Ms. Subha Shrivastava, Mr. Vikas Shrivastava, Mr. Siddharth Pandey with Mr. Ujjawal Agrawal, Mr. R.K. Verma with Mr. Dilesh Kumar Kuree, Mr. Palash Agrawal, Mr. Devashish Tiwari, Mr. Deepak Kaushik, Mr. Dinesh Yadav, Mr. Shiv Sewak Manjhi, Ms. Shraddha Mishra, Mr. Devesh G. Kela, Mr. Sameer Behar, Mr. Nishchay Thakur, Mr. Ishan Bhaduri, Mr. Manoj Kumar Yadav, Mr. K.P. Sahu, Mr. J.K. Gupta, Ms. Palak Dwivedi alongwith Mr. Shubham Dwivedi, Mr. Suresh Tandan, Ms. Ruchi Nagar, Mr. Shubham Bajpayee, Mr. Pritendra Chauhan, Mr. Shrikant Kaushik, Mr. Prabhat Kumar Saxena, Mr. Jitendra Pali, Advocates
For the Respondent:Mr. Y.S. Thakur, Addl. Advocate General, Mr. Sabyasachi Choubey, Panel Lawyer, Mr. Pankaj Agrawal alongwith Ms. Preeti Yadav, Mr. Gary Mukhopadhyay, Mr. Animesh Tiwari alongwith Mr. Yogendra Pandey, Ms. Shriyadeep Gupta, Mr. Bharat Sharma, Mr. Vedant Shadangi, Mr. Pranjal Shukla, Mr. Shikhar Shukla, Ms. Mamta Mahilange on behalf of Dr. Sudeep, Agrawal, Mr. Rudra Pratap Dubey, Mr. Ravitosh Kale on behalf of Mr. Rahul Tamaskar, Mr. Suyash Dhar Badgaiyan, Ms. Seema Mishra & Mr. Vishal Sahu on behalf of Mr. Jitendra Shrivastava, Mr. Pramod Shrivastava, Ms. Madhunisha Singh with Ms. Aditi Joshi, Ms. Priyanka Rai, Ms. M. Asha, Mr. Shalin Singh Baghel, Mr. Vikhyat Arora, Advocates

The court ruled that Shiksha Karmis cannot claim government employee benefits until absorption into state service, holding that prior service does not fulfill eligibility criteria for kramonnati under the relevant circulars.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 14 and 16 - Panchayat Raj Adhiniyam, 1993 - Service benefits - Petitioners, Shiksha Karmis, claimed kramonnati (upgradation of pay) after 10 years of service relying on previous decisions, but denied equal pay status as they were not classified as government servants until absorption on 30.06.2018. Court ruled that prior service could not be counted towards benefits under the 2017 circular as it applied to government employees only. Established separate regimes for Panchayat cadre and government teachers. (Paras 1-36)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, appointed under the Panchayat Shiksha Karmi Rules, contended unfair denial of service benefits after 10 years' service. They sought relief based on past judicial decisions emphasizing parity in treatment with other teachers but failed to establish similarity in circumstances. Court held their claim unenforceable under existing laws governing employment status and service benefits. (Para 2-3)

Findings of Court:
Petitioners’ positions as Shiksha Karmis were distinct from that of government employees; their previous employment did not grant entitlement per the 2017 circular. The court dismissed the writ petitions as unsubstantiated due to distinct removal from government service status pre-absorption. (Paras 29-34)

Issues: (1) Whether the petitioners are similarly situated to previous claimants. (2) Whether dismissals of past SLPs affect current decisions. (3) Applicability of the 2017 Circular. (4) Classification of Shiksha Karmis as government servants. (5) Power of judicial precedent in resolving similar claims. (Paras 3-11, 35)

Ratio Decidendi: The court clarified that employment under the Panchayat system did not confer equal governmental employee rights, maintaining separate service terms under Article 14 and 16. Fundamental to establishing parity in employment claims was demonstrating similarity in status and position under constitutional scrutiny. (Paras 27-36)

Result: Writ petitions dismissed.

Order :

Narendra Kumar Vyas, J.

1. Since common question of law and facts are involved in the bunch of these 1188 writ petitions, they are heard analogously and are being disposed of by this common order. WP(S) No. 11009/2025 Smt. Abha Namdeo vs. State of Chhattisgarh & others is being treated as lead case.

Prayers sought by the petitioners:

2. The petitioners have filed these petitions claiming grant of benefits of 1^st and 2^nd kramonnati on completion of 10 years service in light of order passed by the Hon’ble Division Bench of this Court in case of Smt. Sona Sahu vs. State of Chhattisgarh & others in Writ Appeal No. 261/2023 decided on 28.02.2024. The petitioners have also prayed for grant of consequential benefits to them from the date of completion of 10 years of service till the actual payment is made towards benefit of kramonnati. The petitioners have also prayed that this Court be pleased to pass an order holding that their cases are squarely covered from the judgment passed by the Hon’ble Division Bench in case of Smt. Sona Sahu vs. State of Chhattisgarh & others in Writ Appeal No. 261/2023 decided on 28.02.2024. It has also been prayed that denial of kramonnati is discriminative in nature and violative of Articles 14 and 16 of the Constitution of India.

Brief facts of the case:

(a) The petitioners who are initially appointed as Shiksha Karmi Grade-III, II, I by the respective Panchayat as per Madhya Pradesh/Chhattisgarh Panchayat Shiksha Karmi (Bharti tatha Sewa ki Sharte) Niyam, 1997 (hereinafter referred to as “Rules of 1997”), Chhattisgarh Panchayat Shiksha Karmi (Recruitment and Condition of Service) Rules, 2007 (hereinafter referred to as “Rules of 2007”) and Chhattisgarh Shiksha Panchayat Samvarg (Bharti tatha Sewa ki Sharte) Niyam, 2012 (hereinafter referred to as “Rules of 2012”) which have been framed under Sub Section (1) of Section 70 and Sub Section 1 Part B of Section 53 read with Section 95(1) of Panchayat Raj Adhiniyam, 1993 (hereinafter referred to as “Rules of 1993”). It is also the case of the petitioners that they were working as Panchayat Karmi or Panchayats Shikshak right from 1997 to 2018 in various Panchayat continuously till they were absorbed in the School Education Department in pursuance of policy dated 30.06.2018 issued by the School Education Department, Government of Chhattisgarh. Copies of the joining of the some of the petitioners were also filed by the petitioners, wherein in the case of present petitioner Smt. Abha Namdeo it has been clearly mentioned in the joining report dated 14.06.2005 that she be allowed to join as Shikshakarmi Grade-III and in the report the appointing authority was mentioned as Chief Executive Officer, District Panchayat Rajnandgaon.

(b) It has been contended that the State of Chhattisgarh has issued Circular dated 10.03.2017 granting benefits of Kramonnati to the Assistant Teacher. Smt. Sona Sahu has filed Writ Petitionss(S) No. 3006/2020 before this Court wherein the petitioner has claimed that she has prayed for quashing of the order dated 29.02.2020 passed by the respondent No. 6 and also prayed to grant any other relief deem fit by this Court. It has been contended in the petition that the petitioner has rendered as Assistant Teacher for more than 10 years from the date of joining of the service till date she has not been granted kramonnati as per the service rules, therefore, she has also prayed for grant of kramonnati as per order dated 10.03.2017 and 17.03.2019 after completion of more than 10 years of service on 01.08.2005. The said writ petition was dismissed by the learned Single Judge, against which Writ Appeal No. 261/2023 was filed by the petitioner wherein the Hon’ble Division Bench has allowed the writ appeal considering the following factual matrix of the case:

“The brief facts of the case are that the petitioner was initially appointed as Assistant Teacher at Sonahat District Koriya vide order dated 29.07.2005 and she joined on 01.08.2005. Presently s