IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
SUNITA GUPTA, J.
Sushil Kumar - Appellant
Versus
State Govt. of NCT of Delhi - Respondent
Crl. A. 982 of 2011
Decided On : 22-07-2014
Dowry Death - Section 304B IPC - Cruelty and Harassment - Presumption under Section 113B of the Evidence Act - Ingredients - Appreciation of Evidence - Discrepancies and Contradictions - Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 - Section 2 - Definition of 'Dowry' - Amendments in 1986 and 1984 - Insertion of Words 'or any time after the marriage' and 'in connection with the marriage of the said parties' - Significance - Cruelty or Harassment for Dowry - Proximity Test - Reasonable Period - Suicide by Woman within Seven Years of Marriage - Presumption under Section 113A of the Evidence Act - Ingredients - Abetment of Suicide - Section 306 IPC - Ingredients - Mens Rea - Guilt of Accused - Proof Beyond Reasonable Doubt.
Fact of the Case:
The appellant was convicted under Sections 498A and 304B of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) for the dowry death of his wife, Darshna. The prosecution alleged that the appellant and his family members harassed Darshna for dowry, which led her to commit suicide within seven years of their marriage. The appellant denied the allegations and claimed that Darshna died due to natural causes.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the prosecution failed to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the appellant and his family members harassed Darshna for dowry. The court noted that the testimony of the prosecution witnesses was inconsistent and unreliable, and that there was no evidence to show that Darshna was subjected to cruelty or harassment "soon before her death" as required under Section 304B IPC. The court also found that the appellant had already undergone the maximum sentence prescribed under Section 498A IPC, and therefore, he was entitled to be released on the period already undergone.
Issues: 1. Whether the prosecution proved beyond reasonable doubt that the appellant and his family members harassed Darshna for dowry, leading to her suicide? 2. Whether the appellant was guilty of abetment of suicide under Section 306 IPC?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. To establish an offence under Section 304B IPC, the prosecution must prove the following ingredients: - The death of a woman must have been caused by burns or bodily injury or otherwise than under normal circumstances. - Such death must have occurred within 7 years of her marriage. - Soon before her death, the woman must have been subjected to cruelty or harassment by her husband or any relative of her husband. - Such cruelty or harassment must be for or in connection with demand of dowry. 2. The presumption under Section 113B of the Evidence Act can be drawn only when the prosecution first establishes the essential ingredients of Section 304B IPC. 3. In order to prove abetment of suicide under Section 306 IPC, the prosecution must prove that the accused instigated or aided the deceased to commit suicide, or entered into a conspiracy to do so.
Final Decision: The court partly allowed the appeal. The conviction of the appellant under Section 304B IPC was set aside, but the conviction under Section 498A IPC was upheld. The appellant was sentenced to the period already undergone and was directed to deposit a fine of Rs. 5,000/- within seven days. Subject to the deposit of fine, he was ordered to be set at liberty.
SUNITA GUPTA, J.
1. Challenge in this appeal is to the judgment dated 20th May, 2011 and order on sentence dated 23rd May, 2011 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge-01 (West), Tis Hazari Courts, Delhi in Sessions Case No. 66/2010 arising out of FIR No. 01/2010 u/s. 498A/304B/34 IPC registered with PS Tilak Nagar whereby the appellant was held guilty of offence u/s. 498A/304B IPC and was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of three years and a fine of Rs. 5000/- in default of payment of fine, SI for a period of one month u/s. 498A IPC. The accused was also sentenced to RI for a period of ten years u/s. 304B IPC. Both the sentences were to run concurrently.
2. Shorn of unnecessary details, the gravamen of the prosecution case is that the appellant got married with Smt. Darshna (hereinafter referred to as deceased) on 21st November, 2008. From the said wedlock, a male child, namely, 'Goldy' was born. Darshna committed suicide on the intervening night of 31st December, 2009/1st January, 2010.
3. Information regarding admission of the deceased was given to PP Tilak Vihar vide DD No. 8 on which SI Lalan Prasad along with Head Constable Jai Ram reached DDU Hospital where SI Lalan Prasad collected MLC of the deceased and came to know that she was declared "brought dead". SI Lalan Prasad went to WZ 178, 80 Gaj Harijan Colony, Tilak Vihar. He also informed SDM Patel Nagar. SDM directed Tehsildar Sh. R.K. Saini who reached the spot and recorded the statement of Kranti-PW1 and Vinod-PW3, mother and brother of the deceased respectively. Thereafter, Mr. R.K. Saini went to the spot and conducted inquest proceedings. Direction was given to the SHO to take action as per law. On the statement of Kranti, Ex. PW5/A, FIR 01/2010 u/s. 498A/304B/34 IPC was recorded by Head Constable Hans Kumar on 01.01.2010 at about 10 a.m. Post mortem on the dead body of the deceased was conducted. During the course of investigation, accused Sushil Kumar, Virender @ Bijender and Shanti Devi were arrested. After completion of investigation, the police filed a charge sheet against the appellant and two other accused u/s 498A/304B/34 IPC. The appellant and the co-accused were then committed to the Sessions Judge, where they pleaded not guilty and claimed trial. At the trial, the prosecution examined as many as 17 witnesses to prove its case. All the incriminating evidence was put to the accused persons while recording their statements u/s 313 Cr.P.C. wherein they denied the case of prosecution. Two witnesses were examined in defence. The Additional Sessions Judge eventually came to the conclusion that so far as the appellant is concerned, prosecution has proved its case beyond reasonable doubt and, accordingly, convicted him u/s 498A/304B IPC and sentenced him as mentioned hereinbefore while remaining two co-accused were acquitted on the ground that allegations against them were general and unreliable.
4. The Additional Sessions Judge based the conviction of the appellant primarily on the ground that evidence as to the harassment to the deceased in connection with the demand of dowry, was specific and consistent and there is reliable evidence to prove that deceased was harassed by the appellant in connection with demand of dowry soon before her death.
5. Aggrieved by his conviction and sentence imposed upon him, the present appeal has been preferred by the appellant.
6. Challenging the findings of the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Sh. Baldev Raj, learned counsel for the appellant submitted that FIR was registered on the statement of mother of the deceased made before the Tehsildar where general allegations of demand of dowry were made and a suspicion was raised that the deceased died due to harassment meted out to her by her husband, mother-in-law and brother-in-law for dowry. However, the complainant disowned any statement made by her before the Tehsildar. Moreover Tehsildar was not even competent to conduct inquest proceedings. Ac
Anil W. Singh v. State of Bihar
Arumugam Vs. State rep. by Inspector of Police, Tamil Nadu
Bhagwan Das Vs. Kartar Singh and Others
Bihari Nath Goswami Vs. Shiv Kumar Singh and Others
Biswajit Halder @ Babu Halder and Others Vs. State of West Bengal
Gangula Mohan Reddy Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh
Kans Raj Vs. State of Punjab and Others
Kehar Singh and Others Vs. State (Delhi Administration)
M. Srinivasulu Vs. State of A.P.
Mahendra Pratap Singh Vs. State of Uttar Pradesh
Narayan Chetanram Chaudhary and Another Vs. State of Maharashtra
Ramesh Kumar Vs. State of Chhattisgarh
Ramreddy Rajeshkhanna Reddy and Another Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh
Reddy Sampath Kumar Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh
Sanju @ Sanjay Singh Sengar Vs. State of Madhya Pradesh
Sarwan Singh Vs. The State of Punjab
State of Haryana Vs. Gurdial Singh and Another
State of Himachal Pradesh Vs. Lekh Raj and Another
State of Rajasthan v. Rajendra Singh
State of Rajasthan Vs. Smt. Kalki and Another
State of West Bengal Vs. Orilal Jaiswal and another
State rep. by Inspector of Police Vs. Saravanan and Another
State represented by Inspector of Police, Tamil Nadu Vs. Sait @ Krishnakumar
Syed Ibrahim Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh
AI
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.