IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Prathiba M.Singh, J.
Jagdish Chand Gupta - Appellant
Versus
NHPC Ltd & Anr. - Respondents
W.P. (C) No. 3597 of 2021; C.M. Appls No. 10938 of 2021, 10939 of 2021
Decided On : 19-03-2021
Adjudicator - Dispute Resolution Mechanism - Clause 56.1.2, 56.2 - The judgment discusses the detailed and exhaustive dispute resolution mechanism specified in the contract, including the appointment of Adjudicator, arbitration proceedings, and the jurisdiction of courts. The court held that the petitioner has various options to exercise if aggrieved by the appointment of the Adjudicator or wishes to challenge any aspect of the appointment. The petition was held to be not maintainable and dismissed based on the stipulations in clause 56 of the contract.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner challenged the appointment of the Adjudicator by NHPC for the settlement of claims raised by NHPC for the reconstruction of a bridge. The petitioner argued that the Adjudicator had rejected NHPC's claim for compensation earlier and a second round of adjudication by the same Adjudicator is not permissible.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the detailed dispute resolution mechanism specified in the contract provides various levels of dispute resolution, including mutual consultation, appointment of Adjudicator, arbitration proceedings, and jurisdiction of courts. The court held that the petitioner has remedies available within the contractual scheme and dismissed the petition as not maintainable.
Issues: The issues involved the challenge to the appointment of the Adjudicator, the jurisdiction of the court, and the maintainability of the petition.
Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the detailed dispute resolution mechanism specified in clause 56 of the contract, which provides various options for the petitioner to exercise if aggrieved by the appointment of the Adjudicator or wishes to challenge any aspect of the appointment.
Final Decision: The petition was held to be not maintainable and dismissed based on the stipulations in clause 56 of the contract. The court did not examine the merits of the allegations.
JUDGMENT
Prathiba M. Singh, J. - The present petition has been filed by the Petitioner challenging the impugned letter dated 24th June 2019, issued by Respondent No. 1- NHPC Ltd. (hereinafter NHPC ), directing the appointment of Shri. H.L. Bajaj as the Adjudicator in respect of claims raised by NHPC for a sum of Rs.4.55 crores qua the Reconstruction of the permanent bridge over the River Jhelum at Bandi, Jammu and Kashmir.
2. The case of the Petitioner is that the appointed Adjudicator had earlier rejected the claim for compensation of the NHPC, and a second round of adjudication by the same Adjudicator is not permissible, under the terms of the contract entered into on 6 th February 2006.
3. Mr. Anish Chawla, ld. counsel for the Petitioner submits that the Adjudicator is charging a huge fee and the Petitioner is being saddled with the expenses of the same. In terms of the contract, he submits that the Adjudicator ought to have decided the issue within 28 days, as provided in Clause 56.1.2 of the General Conditions of Contract, which he has failed to do and hence he became functus officio.
4. On the other hand, Mr. Sharma, ld. counsel for Respondent No.1, has challenged the territorial jurisdiction of this court on the ground that the entire project was to be executed in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, and even the venue of the arbitration is Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir. Accordingly, he submits that this Court ought not to entertain the present writ petition.
5. The Court has perused the contract, especially clause 56 of the contract, which lays down the complete mechanism for settlement of disputes, including for the appointment of Adjudicator, and thereafter for arbitration proceedings.
6. This court is of the view that as a proper mechanism of settlement of disputes is provided as per scheme of the contract, the exercise of jurisdiction of this Court, under Article 227 of the Constitution of India is not appropriate.
7. If the Petitioner is aggrieved by any decision/action taken by the Adjudicator, or with the appointment of the Adjudicator, a challenge to the same ought to be raised before the appropriate forum as per the contractual scheme, if the Petitioner deems it appropriate. If the Adjudicator has given an order, which is liable to be challenged, the Petitioner would have to resort to settlement/adjudication of disputes as per the procedure prescribed under clause 56 of the contract, and cannot invoke the jurisdiction of this Court, under Art. 227 of the Constitution of India, unless there is a case of perversity that is made out. The said clause reads:
"CLAUSE-56: SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES:
56. 1 Adjudicator
56.1.1 If any dispute of any kind whatsoever shall arise between the Corporation and the Contractor in connection with or arising out of the Contract, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing any question regarding its existence, validity or termination, or the execution of the Facilities - whether during the progress of the facilities or after their completion and whether before or after the termination abandonment or breach of the Contract - the parties shall seek to resolve any such dispute of difference by mutual consultation. If the parties fail to resolve such a dispute or difference by mutual consultation. If the parties fail to resolve such a dispute or difference by mutual consultation then the dispute shall be referred writing by either party to the Adjudicator, with a copy to the other party.
56.1.2. The Adjudicator shall give its decision in writing to both parties within twenty-eight days of a dispute being referred to it. If the Adjudicator has done so and no notice of intention to commence arbitration has been given by either the Corporation or the contractor within fifty six (56) days of such reference, the decision shall become final and binding upon the Corporation and the Contractor. Any decision, which has become final and binding, shall be implemented by the parties forthwith.
56.1.3 The Ad
AI
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the detailed and exhaustive dispute resolution mechanism specified in the contract provides various options for the petitioner to exercise if ....
The court reaffirmed that contractual dispute resolution mechanisms should be utilized, disallowing jurisdiction under Article 227 unless there is a demonstrated case of perversity.
The court established that the jurisdiction for appointing an arbitrator is governed by the terms of the contract between the parties, and any deviation from those terms, including the applicable law....
The appointment of an Arbitrator comes after the decision of the Adjudicator, and the Adjudicator and the Arbitrator are two distinct forums for dispute resolution under the contract.
The Adjudicator's decision is binding if not challenged within 28 days, emphasizing the enforceability of dispute resolution clauses in contracts.
The court established that disputes between government entities must be resolved under the statutory framework of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, ensuring enforceability and legal clarity....
The decision of an Adjudicator is binding if not challenged within the stipulated time, emphasizing the importance of contractual dispute resolution mechanisms.
The main legal point established is the applicability of the Act as amended with effect from 23rd October 2015 and the disqualification of the appointed Arbitrator under Section 12(5) of the Act.
A court can appoint an arbitrator when a party fails to do so despite repeated requests and after exhausting all pre-arbitration mechanisms.
The specified venue in an arbitration clause denotes the seat of arbitration, thus limiting jurisdiction to designated courts and excluding others.
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