IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Jyoti Singh, J.
Jiva Institute Of Vedic Science - Appellant
Versus
Puneet Chhatwal & Ors. - Respondents
CCP(O) 33 of 2022 in CS(COMM) 602 of 2016
Decided On : 25-05-2022
Contempt - Violation of Court Orders - JIVA - [Order dated 17.10.2006, Order dated 30.05.2008, Order dated 04.04.2016] - The court found that the Division Bench had vacated the order restraining the use of the trademark 'JIVA' for Spas, subject to certain conditions. The court also noted that there was no restraint on advertising or marketing products related to the Spas under the trademark 'JIVA'. The court emphasized that the power to punish for contempt should be exercised with care and caution and that the contempt jurisdiction should be confined to deliberate disobedience of court orders.
Fact of the Case:
The Petitioners alleged that the Respondents violated court orders by advertising and marketing non-ayurvedic products under the trademark 'JIVA', which was in clear violation of the orders dated 17.10.2006, 30.05.2008, and the assurance given by Respondent No.6 on 04.04.2016.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the Respondents did not violate the court orders as there was no explicit restraint on advertising or marketing products related to the Spas under the trademark 'JIVA'. The court emphasized that the contempt jurisdiction should be exercised with care and caution and that only deliberate disobedience of court orders should be considered.
Issues: The main issue was whether the Respondents violated court orders by advertising and marketing non-ayurvedic products under the trademark 'JIVA'.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that the power to punish for contempt should be exercised with care and caution and that the contempt jurisdiction should be confined to deliberate disobedience of court orders.
Final Decision: The contempt petition was dismissed as the court found that no contempt was made out.
ORDER
Jyoti Singh, J. (Oral). - Present contempt petition has been filed with the following prayers:-
a. That this Hon 'ble Court be pleased to hold the Respondents No. 1 to 6 hereinabove, guilty of gross, deliberate and continuing contempt of the orders dated 17.10.2006, 30.05.2008 and the order dated 04.04.2016 along with the undertaking recorded in the order dated 04.04.2016 passed by this Honble Court;
b. That Respondents 1 to 5 who are responsible for the dayto-day management and conduct of affairs of the Respondent No.6 Company be punished with civil imprisonment and exemplary fine;
c. Attach the movable and immovable properties of the Respondents no. 1 to 6;
d. In case this Hon'ble Court comes to the conclusion that the same constitutes criminal contempt, the matter be referred to the Hon'ble Division Bench for taking appropriate action in accordance with law;
e. That immediate orders be passed directing the Respondents No. 1 to 6 as mentioned hereinabove, to comply with the 17.10.2006, 30.05.2008 and the order dated 04.04.2016 along with the undertaking recorded in the order dated 04.04.2016passed by this Hon 'ble Court;
f. That immediate orders be passed directing the Respondent No.6 to file the true and correct accounts of its income and expenditure relating to its business of their JIVA Spas in this Hon 'ble Court in compliance with the order dated 30.5.2008 passed by the Hon'ble Division Bench, and if the same has been filed every six months, to direct the Respondent No. 6 to provide a copy of the same to the Petitioners;
g. That immediate order be passed directing the Respondent No. 6 to file true and correct accounts of the income from the advertisement and marketing of products under the mark JIVA and/or its sub-brands and to furnish a copy of the same to the Petitioners;
h. That immediate orders be also passed restraining the Respondent no. 6 from in any manner using the mark/word JIVA either as a trademark, trade name, corporate name, house mark or in any other manner;
i. Impose exemplary cost on the Respondents for committing acts amounting to contempt of this Hon'ble Court;
j. Pass any other order/s that this Hon'ble Court deems fit and proper in the interest of justice.
2. Factual exposition, as set out by the Petitioners/Plaintiffs is that vide order dated 17.10.2006, this Court had granted an ex parte ad interim injunction against Respondent No.6 herein (Defendant No.1 in the suit) and its Managing Director (Defendant No.2 in the suit), restraining them from adopting and/or using the trademark 'JIVA' or any other identical or deceptively similar or confusing mark, in relation to their goods and services and from manufacturing, advertising and marketing, etc. any goods or services under the said trademark. In an appeal against the said order, the Division Bench of this Court, vide order dated 30.05.2008 partly allowed the appeal, whereby the order dated 17.10.2006, restraining the Appellants therein from using the trademark 'JIVA' for their Spas run in the hotels established by them, was vacated, subject to certain conditions, while the order to the extent it restrained the Appellants from selling, using or offering for sale/use any ayurvedic product under the trademark 'JIVA', was confirmed.
3. In 2014, it is averred, that when it came to the knowledge of the Petitioners that the orders were being violated by Respondent No.6, a contempt petition being CCP(O) No.126/2014 was filed, wherein, after hearing the parties extensively, the Court had taken on record the statement and assurance on behalf of the Respondents therein including Respondent No.6 that they would not use the mark 'JIVA' in relation to disputed goods or for any cosmetic, soaps, ayurvedic, non ayurvedic, or any other allied and cognate goods, except in respect of 'JIVA' for Spa and in relation to pillow, towels, handkerchiefs and other articles related to the Spas.
4. Learned counsel for the Petitioners submits that recently, it has come to the notice of
The power to punish for contempt should be exercised with care and caution, and the contempt jurisdiction should be confined to deliberate disobedience of court orders.
The court emphasized that contempt jurisdiction is limited to assessing deliberate non-compliance with specific court orders, not interpreting them beyond their explicit terms.
The court established that third parties can be held liable for contempt if they knowingly assist in violating court orders, reinforcing the court's authority to enforce compliance.
Scope of execution proceedings are irrelevant for contempt jurisdiction of High Court.
(1) Contempt of Court – Power of contempt ought to be exercised with caution, care and sparingly – Contempt proceedings are sui generis inasmuch as Law of Evidence and Code of Criminal Procedure, 197....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the violation of the interim injunction order and the importance of preventing diversion of traffic from the plaintiff's website to that of a compe....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the finding of willful disobedience of the court's injunction order by the respondent, leading to the imposition of a two-week simple imprisonment ....
Contempt proceedings cannot address merits of disputes but focus solely on willful disobedience of explicit court orders.
Willful disobedience of court orders, even if later complied with, can lead to significant penalties to uphold the authority of the court.
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