IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
SWARANA KANTA SHARMA, J.
Mohit Shah - Petitioner
Versus
State & Anr. - Respondents
Crl. M.C. No. 5211 of 2019 & Crl. M.A. No. 38048 of 2019
Decided On : 17-01-2023
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 – Section 482 – Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 – Section 138 and 141 – Saving of inherent power of High Court – Dishonour of cheque for insufficiency – Offences by companies – Present application has been filed by petitioner seeking quashing of summons issued against him by Court of learned Metropolitan Magistrate Patiala House Courts, New Delhi vide order – Held, Company Master Data filed by complainant before learned Trial Court petitioner was a part of Company alleged offence took place and when complaint was filed before learned Trial Court contentions of learned counsel for petitioner that petitioner had already resigned from Company prior to dishonor of cheque and that his resignation was not accepted because of which his name continued to appear on ROC records cannot be accepted at this stage material on record reflects petitioner to be Chief Executive Officer of Company at time of commission of offence – Petition stands dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
Swarana Kanta Sharma, J.
1. The present application under Section 482 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter “Cr.P.C.”) has been filed by the petitioner seeking quashing of summons issued against him by the Court of learned Metropolitan Magistrate-01, New Delhi District, Patiala House Courts, New Delhi vide order dated 19.02.2019 in Complaint Case No. 4825/2019 filed under Sections 138/141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (hereinafter “NI Act, 1881”).
2. The brief facts of the case are that on 05.04.2018, the accused Company i.e. M/s Ashapura Intimates Fashion Ltd. (hereinafter “Company”) borrowed a loan of Rs. 1,00,00,000/- (Rupees One Crore Only) from respondent no. 2 in the form of an Inter Corporate Deposit through an RTGS Transfer for a period of 124 days @ 13 per cent per annum. Three post-dated cheques, signed by the Managing Director, of amounts Rs.3,97,480/- (interest), Rs. 50,00,000/- (principal) and Rs.50,00,000/- (principal) were issued by the Company in view of the said deposit. The interest amounting to Rs. 3,97,840/- on the abovestated principal amount was realised by respondent no. 2 on 06.08.2018 whereas, upon request from Company, an extension of the loan term was made on similar terms and conditions as made earlier. Thereafter, three Post Dated Cheques, which are in dispute, signed by the Managing Director of the Company were issued against the said loan amount on 06.08.2018. The details of these cheques are as follows: Cheque bearing No. 939494, 939493 and 939492 for Rs. 3,84,657/- (interest), Rs. 50,00,000/- (principal) and Rs.50,00,000/- (principal) respectively, dated 05.12.2018, drawn on State Bank of India. Thereafter, upon completion of the term of deposit, respondent no. 2 deposited the said cheques with their bankers i.e. ICICI Bank, Janpath Branch, New Delhi, but the same were returned by their bank with a remark “Funds Insufficient” which was confirmed to respondent no. 2 by its Banker vide returning Memos dated 14.12.2018. On 03.01.2019, a legal notice of demand under Section 138 of NI Act, 1881 was sent to the accused persons at their office and residential addresses calling upon them to pay and clear a sum of Rs. 1,03,84,657/- (Rupees One Crore Three Lacs Eighty Four Thousand and Six Hundred Fifty Seven Only) within 15 days. On 16.02.2019, the respondent no. 2 moved the Court of learned MM, Patiala House Courts and initiated the Criminal Complaint under Section 138 of NI Act, 1881 against the Company, its directors, as well as CEO and CFO, and the case came up for hearing before the learned Court on 19.02.2019. The summons as issued by the learned Trial Court vide order dated 19.02.2019 were served to the petitioner herein on 31.08.2019, directing him to appear before the learned Trial Court on 15.10.2019.
3. The case of the petitioner before this Court is that he was employed on 11.08.2016as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company at its head office at Dadar, Mumbaion a monthly salary of Rs. 2,25,000. As per his employment letter, the petitioner was to report to Mr. Harshad Thakkar, the Managing Director, and his job was to manage the retail vertical of the Company. The loan in the form of Inter Corporate Deposit, as stated above, was obtained by the Company and cheques in that respect were issued by the Managing Director. It is stated that on 03.10.2018, the Managing Director of the Company went missing and a missing report was registered at the Police Station Dadar, Mumbai, Maharashtra on 03.10.2018. It is further averred that the petitioner vide a letter dated 25.10.2018 to Sh. Dinesh Sodha, Director of the Company, resigned from the post of the Chief Executive Officer and the said letter was duly received by the directors of the Company. However, vide an e-mail correspondence dated 22.11.2018, Sh. Hitesh Punjani (HR) refused to accept the resignation of the petitioner and requested him to extend his exit. On an oral discussion, it was stated that the resignation
S.M.S. Pharmaceuticals Ltd. v. Neeta Bhalla
National Small Industries Corp. Ltd. v. Harmeet Singh Paintal
The judgment emphasized the principles of vicarious liability under Section 141 of the NI Act and the need for material to substantiate contentions regarding non-involvement in the offense.
Non-Executive Directors cannot be held liable under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act without specific averments demonstrating their involvement in the company's day-to-day affairs.
Directors can only be held vicariously liable under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act if specific averments are made in the complaint regarding their responsibility for the company's cond....
An individual in a company cannot be vicariously liable for criminal offenses under the NI Act unless they are responsible for the company's conduct at the time of the offense.
Vicarious liability under the Negotiable Instruments Act requires proof of a director's active involvement and responsibility in the company's operations, not merely their title.
Specific averments regarding a director's responsibility for a company's conduct are essential for vicarious liability under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act.
The legal principle established is that a director's liability under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act is contingent upon being in charge of and responsible for the conduct of the company....
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.