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2023 Supreme(Del) 4413

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Rajnish Bhatnagar, J.
National Insurance Co. Ltd. – Appellant
Versus
Vimlesh @ Bimla & Ors. – Respondents
MAC.APP. 6 of 2016
Decided On : 11-05-2023

Advocates appeared:
Mr. Arihant Jain, Advocate for Ms. Shandha Devi Raman, Advocate, for the Appellant.
Mr. Sukhbir Singh, Advocate and Mr. Mohit Upadhaya, Advocate for R-1 to R-4.

The burden of proof lies on the insurer to establish breach of policy conditions, and legal representatives have a right to apply for compensation.

Headnote:

Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Compensation - Sections 149(2)(a)(ii), 163A, 166 - The court discussed the liability of the insurance company in case of violation of terms of the insurance policy, the burden of proof on the insurer to establish breach of policy conditions, and the entitlement of legal representatives for compensation. Key legal provisions include Section 149(2)(a)(ii) and the judgments in National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Swaran Singh & Ors., Nirmala Kothari v. United India Insurance Co. Ltd., National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Pranay Sethi & Ors., Magma General Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Nanu Ram & Ors., and United India Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Satinder Kaur @ Satwinder Kaur & Ors.

Fact of the Case:

The deceased, a Head Constable, was fatally injured in a road vehicular accident due to rash and negligent driving. The appellant, an Insurance Company, appealed against the compensation awarded by the Tribunal, arguing that the deceased's son was not dependent and the compensation amount was excessive.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the insurance company failed to prove the driver's fake license and the deceased's son was entitled to compensation. The compensation amount was modified based on legal precedents.

Issues: The issues included the liability of the insurance company, entitlement of legal representatives for compensation, and the validity of the driver's license.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the burden of proof lies on the insurer to establish breach of policy conditions and that legal representatives have a right to apply for compensation. The court also emphasized the employer's responsibility to verify the authenticity of a driver's license.

Final Decision: The appeal was partly allowed, and the compensation amount was modified. The appellant-Insurance Company was directed to deposit the revised compensation amount with interest before the Tribunal for disbursement to the beneficiaries.

JUDGMENT

Rajnish Bhatnagar, J.

1. The present appeal under section 173 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 has been filed by the appellant- Insurance Company against the Award dated 05.10.2015 passed by the Ld. Tribunal.

2. In brief the facts of the case are that Nihender Singh was working as a Head Constable in Delhi Police. On 28.09.2011, he was on duty for Interceptor checking on the DND Flyover Road going towards Noida, in the Lajpat Nagar Traffic Circle, New Delhi. At about 07.30 AM, one Tavera car (Offending Vehicle) bearing No UP-30A-8891, dark grey colour, was coming from Maharani Bagh side at high speed. The interceptor vehicle announced to the erring driver to reduce the speed but the driver of the offending vehicle failed to do so rather he intentionally increased the speed and tried to flee from the spot. Head Constable Nihender Singh and Ct. Ankit signaled the driver to stop the offending vehicle when it crossed the interceptor but the driver after coming near HC Nihender Singh, extended threats to crush HC Nihender Singh and Ct. Ankit underneath the offending vehicle. When they tried to stop him, the driver accelerated the offending vehicle, hitting Ct. Ankit violently and crushing HC Nihender Singh and then he fled away from the spot. The injured was removed to Max Hospital for medical treatment and thereafter, the injured was referred to Trauma Centre AIIMS, however, the victim succumbed to the injuries sustained in the accident and was declared dead. A case FIR No. 346/2011 under section 302 IPC was registered at Police Station Sunlight Colony, New Delhi.

3. On the basis of the pleadings of the parties, the Ld. Tribunal framed the following issues:

    "(i) Whether the deceased Sh. Nihender Singh sufferedfatal injuries in a road vehicular accident that tookplace on 28.09.2011 due to rash and negligent driving of vehicle bearing registration no. UP- 30A-8891 by respondent no.3?

    (ii) Whether the petitioners are entitled for any compensation? If so, to what amount and from whom?

    (iii) Relief."

4. I have heard the learned counsel appearing on behalf of the Appellant as well as Respondent nos. 1 to 4 and have perused the records of this case.

5. It is submitted by the learned counsel for the Appellant- Insurance Company that the learned Tribunal has failed to consider the fact that son of the deceased was not dependant on the deceased and is gainfully employed with Delhi Police since 2010. It is further contended that the specific assertions made by the Insurance Company in its written statement regarding the invalid/fake driving license was not denied by Respondent no. 5 and 6 before the Ld. Tribunal and the fake driving license was for LMV vehicle whereas the offending vehicle was LMV commercial. It is further submitted that the Ld. Tribunal has erred in awarding exorbitant amount of compensation towards non-pecuniary heads and the income of the deceased has erroneously been taken as Rs. 25,722/- per month.

6. On the other hand, Ld. counsel for the respondent No. 1 to 4 has disputed aforesaid claim of the appellant-Insurance Company with submissions that there is no infirmity in the impugned award dated 05.10.2015 passed by the Ld. Tribunal, inasmuch as the Ld. Tribunal has already dealt with each and every issue raised by the appellant-Insurance Company herein in great detail while passing of the impugned award and contends that there is no merit in the present appeal, accordingly, it deserves to be dismissed.

7. The Ld. Tribunal while deciding the issue of fake driving license of the offending vehicle, made the following observations:

    "37. In National Insurance Co. Ltd. V. Swaran Singh & Ors., the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India dealt with the aspect of liability in case of violation of terms of insurance policy. The Hon'ble Court summarised its findings as under:

    (ii) Insurer is entitled to raise a defence in a claim petition filed under Section 163A or Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 inter alia in terms

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