IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Vibhu Bakhru, Purushaindra Kumar Kaurav, JJ.
Bindu – Appellant
Versus
The Hon`ble High Court of Delhi Through Its Registrar General – Respondent
REVIEW PET. No.166 of 2023 & CM Nos.31435 of 2023, 31436 of 2023 & 31437 of 2023 in W.P.(C) 17234 of 2022
Decided On : 04-07-2023
Review Petition - Eligibility Criteria for Appointment as District Judge - Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India - Rule 9(2) of the Delhi Higher Judicial Services Rules, 1970 - The court discussed the interpretation of Article 233(2) and the eligibility criteria of seven years continuous practice as an advocate, and its application to the appointment as a District Judge. The court relied on the decision in Praveen Garg v. The High Court of Delhi & Ors. and dismissed the review petition.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner, an advocate, challenged the rejection of her appointment as a District Judge based on the eligibility criteria of seven years continuous practice as an advocate, as per Rule 9(2) of the Delhi Higher Judicial Services Rules, 1970, contending that it was ultra vires to Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India.
Finding of the Court:
The court found no grounds to review the rejection of the appointment, as the issue had been considered and decided in a previous case, and the pending review petition of another case did not warrant disregarding the binding precedent.
Issues: The eligibility criteria for appointment as a District Judge under Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India and the interpretation of the continuous practice of seven years as an advocate in relation to the last date of application.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the eligibility criteria of seven years continuous practice as an advocate for appointment as a District Judge should be reckoned with reference to the last date for submitting the application, as per Rule 9(2) of the Delhi Higher Judicial Services Rules, 1970.
Final Decision: The review petition was dismissed, and all pending applications were disposed of.
JUDGMENT
Vibhu Bakhru, J. The petitioner has filed the present review petition seeking a review of the order dated 16.12.2022, whereby the above-captioned petition was rejected on the ground that the issues raised are covered by the decision of this Court in Praveen Garg v. The High Court of Delhi & Ors., W.P.(C) No.17131/2022 decided on 15.12.2022.
2. The petitioner, in the present case, was enrolled as an advocate in January, 2006. Subsequently, some time in December, 2014, she was selected as an Assistant Public Prosecutor for the Delhi government, on a contractual basis. The petitioner was selected through the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) for the post of the Examiner of Trademarks (qualifying for the said post on account of two years of practice in law). She discharged her functions as the Examiner of Trademarks during the course of her employment in the said post from 07.08.2017 to 08.02.2019. During the period of her employment as Examiner of Trademarks with the Patent Office, her enrolment as an advocate, with the Bar Council of India was suspended.
3. The petitioner was held to be ineligible for appointment to the Delhi Higher Judicial Services (DHJS) pursuant to the DHJS Examination, 2022, on the ground that she did not satisfy the eligibility criteria of seven years of continuous practice as an advocate, on the date preceding the last date of the application, as required in terms of Rule 9(2) of the Delhi Higher Judicial Services Rules, 1970 (hereafter `the DHJS Rules').
4. The petitioner impugns Rule 9(2) of the DHJS Rules as ultra vires to Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India. It is the petitioner's case that Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India posits an eligibility criteria of seven years continuous practice as an advocate; it does not provide that the seven years of continuous practice as an advocate period be reckoned with reference to the last date for submitting the application. Thus, according to the petitioner, if an advocate has practiced for seven years at any time in the past, she or he would be eligible to be appointed as a District Judge in terms of Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India. This is notwithstanding that she or he may have for several years prior to his application, not been enrolled as an advocate.
5. Undisputedly, the said issue was considered and decided by this Court in Praveen Garg v. The High Court of Delhi & Ors. (supra). It is also material to note that the Special Leave to Appeal1[ Special Leave Petiton (C) No(s).1377/2023, captioned Praveen Garg v. The High Court of Delhi & Ors.] preferred by the petitioner in that case was also dismissed by the Supreme Court by an order dated 16.01.2023.
6. In view of the above, we find no grounds to review the order dated 16.12.2022.
7. The learned counsel appearing for the petitioner earnestly contended that the order dated 16.12.2022 is required to be reviewed as Praveen Garg v. The High Court of Delhi & Ors. - on the basis of which the said order rejecting the above captioned petition was passed - had relied upon the decision of the Supreme Court in Dheeraj Mor. v. Hon'ble High Court of Delhi, (2018) 4 SCC 619 and that the application seeking review of the said decision was pending before the Supreme Court. He also submitted that the Supreme Court has permitted the petitioner to file the present review petition on the ground that the review petition in the case of Dheeraj Mor. v. Hon'ble High Court of Delhi is pending consideration.
8. He also states that in the case of Praveen Garg v. The High Court of Delhi & Ors. (supra), petitioner therein, had not practiced as an advocate for a continuous period of seven years. He had claimed that his cumulative period of practice as an advocate, although not continuous, aggregated seven years. And, that is sufficient to satisfy the eligibility criteria for being appointed as a District Judge under Article 233(2) of the Constitution of India.
9. We are not persuaded
The eligibility criteria of seven years continuous practice as an advocate for appointment as a District Judge should be reckoned with reference to the last date for submitting the application, as pe....
The requirement of continuous practice for seven years under Rule 9(2) of the Delhi Higher Judiciary Services Rules aligns with Article 233(2) of the Constitution, validating the rule's constitutiona....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement of continuous practice as an advocate immediately preceding the date of the application for appointment as a District Judge.
The eligibility criterion of 'having been continuously practicing as an Advocate for not less than seven years' as per Rule 9(2) of the DHJS Rules does not require an inquiry into the specific functi....
In the cases where such in-service incumbents have been appointed by way of direct recruitment from bar as we find no merit in the petitions and due to dismissal of the writ petitions filed by the ju....
An advocate ceases to practice when engaged in full-time employment, rendering them ineligible for judicial recruitment under Article 233(2) of the Constitution.
The central legal point established in the judgment is the interpretation of the requirement of 'continuously practicing advocate for not less than 7 years' for selection to the Delhi Higher Judicial....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the Advocates Act, 1961 recognizes only advocates as legal practitioners, and the 25% advocate's recruitment quota for District Judges is rese....
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