IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
VIKAS MAHAJAN, J.
Pawan Chaudhry & Anr. – Appellants
Versus
Nimesh Jain & Ors. – Respondent
CS(OS) 44 of 2020
Decided on : 20-11-2024
(A) Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Order VIII Rule 10 - Decree sought based on failure of defendants to file written statement - Court must ascertain if the facts in the plaint require proof - Mere absence of written statement does not automatically entitle plaintiffs to judgment - Discretionary power of the court emphasized. (Paras 11, 22, 35)
(B) Fraud and Forgery - Allegations of fraudulent documents executed by defendants - Burden of proof lies on plaintiffs to establish forgery - Court must not act solely on plaint without evidence. (Paras 28, 32, 36)
Facts of the case:
The plaintiffs claim ownership of a property based on registered documents and allege that fraudulent agreements and powers of attorney were executed by the defendants, leading to a dispute over property rights.
Findings of Court:
The court found that the plaintiffs must prove their allegations of fraud and forgery, and that the application for judgment under Order VIII Rule 10 was not merited due to the need for evidence.
Issues: Whether the absence of written statements from defendants allows for a judgment in favor of the plaintiffs without evidence.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the plaintiffs must substantiate their claims with evidence, and that the mere absence of a written statement does not automatically grant them a judgment. The court retains discretion to require proof of facts.
Result: Application dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
VIKAS MAHAJAN, J.
I.A. 10758/2023 (under Order VIII Rule 10 CPC by plaintiffs seeking pronouncement of judgment against the defendants)
1. The present suit has been filed seeking following relief:
a) Pass a decree in favor of the Plaintiffs and against the defendants declaring the fraudulent Agreement to Sell allegedly executed by the Plaintiffs in favor of Defendant No 2 dated 13.11.2006 as non-est/illegal, null and void;
b) Declare that the fraudulent Agreement to Sell allegedly executed by the Plaintiffs in favor of Defendant No 2 dated 13.11.2006, does not bind the Plaintiffs;
c) Pass a decree in favor of the Plaintiffs and against the defendants declaring the fraudulent Registered General Power of Attorney executed by the Plaintiffs in favor of Defendant No 2 dated 13.11.2006 as non-est/illegal, null and void;
d) Declare that the fraudulent Registered General Power of Attorney allegedly executed by the Plaintiffs in favor of Defendant No 2 dated 13.11.2006 does not bind the Plaintiffs;
e) Pass a decree in favor of the Plaintiffs and against the defendants declaring the fraudulent Agreement to Sell allegedly executed by Defendant No 2 in favour of Defendant No 1 dated 28.05.2007 as non-est/illegal, null and void;
f) Declare that the fraudulent Agreement to Sell allegedly executed by Defendant No 2 in favour of Defendant No 1 dated 28.05.2007 does not bind the Plaintiffs;
g) Pass a decree in favor of the Plaintiffs and against the defendants declaring the fraudulent Registered General Power of Attorney allegedly executed by Defendant No. 2 in favour of Defendant No. 1 dated 28.05.2007 as non-est/illegal, null and void;
h) Declare that the fraudulent Registered General Power of Attorney allegedly executed by Defendant No 2 in favour of Defendant No 1 dated 28.05.2007 does not bind the Plaintiffs;
i) Direct the Defendant No.3 and 4 to not take any steps so as to frustrate the rights of the Plaintiffs in the suit property, in any manner;
j) Pass a decree of permanent injunction restraining the defendants, their agents, servants and or any one acting for and or behalf of the said defendants from altering or in any manner interfering with the peaceful possession of the Plaintiffs, in the suit property or in any manner interfering with the title of the Plaintiffs to the suit property;
k) Award damages of Rs. 50, 00,000/-in favour of the plaintiffs and against the defendants for the mental agony, harassment that the Plaintiffs have been subjected to as well as towards costs of litigation that the Plaintiffs have or will have to incur during the tenure of this litigation;
l) Any other order that this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper in the circumstances of this case.
2. The relevant facts as borne out from the plaint are that the Plaintiffs claim to be the owners of Plot No. 40, Sector 11, Dwarka, New Delhi (herein referred to as the “suit property”). It is stated that the suit property was purchased by the Plaintiffs on the basis of credible, registered documents executed by Sh Bhiku Ram and his wife Smt. Parwati in favor of the Plaintiffs. The said Sh Bhiku Ram and Smt. Parwati were the original allotees of the suit property from the DDA.
3. On the basis of the Perpetual Lease in their favor, Sh Bhiku Ram and Smt. Parwati had executed the (i) Agreement to Sell; (ii) Registered Will; (iii) Registered Special Power of Attorney; (iv) Registered General Power of Attorney; (v) Indemnity bond; (vi) Undertakings; and (vii) Affidavits, in favour of the Plaintiffs.
4. On the strength of aforesaid documents, the Plaintiffs applied for permission from the relevant authorities to carry out basic constructions that were mandatory to be done on leasehold properties. Further, the suit property remained in possession of the Plaintiffs since the date of the execution of the documents.
5. The case of the Plaintiffs is that on 28.01.2020, one Mr. Pramod Garg visited the son of the Plaintiffs -Mr. Udit Chaudhary and informed him that the Defendant no.
Bogidhola T & Trading Company Ltd. vs. Heera Lal Somani: (2007) 14 SCC 606
Gapadibai vs State of Madhya Pradesh (1980) 2 SCC 327
Gujarat Maritime Board vs G.C. Pandya (2015) 12 SCC 403
Prem Singh & Ors vs Birbal & Ors (2006) 5 SCC 353
The court emphasized that a judgment cannot be granted solely based on the absence of a written statement; plaintiffs must prove their claims with evidence.
A court may decree a suit without a defendant's written statement if no contested issues exist in the plaint, but it must exercise discretion and ensure facts are clear and unimpeachable.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the plaintiff must prove the execution of the agreement for specific performance, and the validity of a sale-deed executed by a power of attor....
Agreement to sell land barred by 10-year transfer prohibition after proprietary rights conferment is unenforceable for specific performance, but earnest money refundable with interest upon proof of p....
Defendant may introduce relevant facts in amended pleadings without violating prior statements or provisions, allowing trial progression without striking out.
The court held that a suit for declaration of ownership of property is not barred by Section 34 of the Specific Relief Act, 1963, if the plaintiff is able to prove that he/she was not dispossessed of....
The court allowed the defendants to file their written statement due to procedural irregularities and lack of awareness of non-filing.
Admissions in written statement, including implied ones from claims of deception by impersonator and information plaintiff is real owner, justify decree under Order XII Rule 6 declaring deeds void wi....
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