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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
V. Kameswar Rao, J.
Jitender Kumar - Appellant
Versus
Hemant Kumar Gupta - Respondent
RFA 176 of 2020 & CM Appl. 9212 of 2020 and CM Appl. 162 of 2021
Decided On : 23-02-2021




The trial court can pass a decree under Order XII Rule 6 on the basis of clear admissions without requiring a trial, even if the defense has been struck off.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Section 96 and Order XII Rule 6 - Appeal against a judgment seeking possession and recovery of arrears of rent - Relationship of landlord and tenant established - Defendant admitted tenancy and default in payment; however, claimed mortgage for unpaid loan - Trial Court decreed possession based on admissions despite the striking off of the defendant's written statement - Jurisdiction under Order XII Rule 6 was invoked to expedite judgment on the admitted facts. (Paras 1, 8, 10, 12, 38, 40)

(B) Admissions - Admissions on record can validate a decree on the basis of Order XII Rule 6 especially where they establish the relationship and obligations of parties, irrespective of the procedural defense struck off. (Paras 32-41)

Facts of the case:
The respondent let out premises to the appellant in 2005, culminating in a lease agreement in June 2014. The tenancy was terminated due to non-payment of rent, prompting the plaintiff to file suit for possession and arrears. (Paras 2-8)

Findings of Court:
The court found that clear admissions established the landlord-tenant relationship, justifying the decree for possession despite procedural challenges raised by the defendant regarding his written statement. (Paras 9, 27, 39)

Issues: The court addressed whether the trial court improperly invoked Order XII Rule 6 and the relevance of the defendant's claims about a mortgage based on an unproven loan. (Paras 12, 14, 18)

Ratio Decidendi: Admissions made directly in replies are sufficient basis for passing judgment under Order XII Rule 6, even when a defense is struck off, as long as the admissions are unequivocal in establishing rights and obligations. (Paras 23, 35)

Result: Appeal dismissed; judgment of the trial court upheld.

Table of Content
1. tenancy agreement and rental obligations. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. procedural history and defendant's failure to participate. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. admissibility of defendant's claims and counterclaims. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 14)
4. issues regarding jurisdiction under order xii rule 6. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
5. discretion of the court in judgment on admission. (Para 22 , 23 , 24)
6. criteria for eviction based on admissions. (Para 32 , 34 , 38)
7. conclusion affirming trial court’s decision. (Para 39 , 40 , 42)

JUDGMENT

V. Kameswar Rao, J. This appeal has been filed by the appellant under Section 96 of the CPC against the judgment dated December 20, 2019 (`impugned judgment', for short) passed in a Civil Suit being CS No. 616415/2016 (`Suit', for short). This Suit was filed by the respondent/plaintiff seeking a Decree of Possession, Recovery of Arrears of rent/damages and Permanent Injunction against the appellant/defendant in respect of premises being Room No. 29, Third Floor of property No. 1663-66, Didwani Motor Market, Kashmere Gate, Delhi, ad-measuring 180 Sq. Ft. (`Suit Property', for short), being the owner of the same.

2. The facts, in brief, as noted from the impugned judgment, plaint, LCR, lease agreement are, that the respondent/plaintiff let out the Suit Property to the defendant/appellant since 2005 and lastly it was extended vide lease agreement dated June 02, 2014 as executed between the parties (`Lease Agreement', for short) for a monthly rent of Rs.3744/- payable by the defendant. As per the Lease Agreement, inter-alia, (i) the tenancy was liable to be terminated by way of service of one month's notice by either of the parties; (ii) plaintiff had received a sum of Rs.12000/- as security, liable to refunded after the expiry of tenancy period; and (iii) in the event of determination of tenancy, as aforesaid, or by afflux of time the defendant does not vacate the property (that is the room in question) he was saddled with a liability to pay a penalty of Rs.1000 (Rupees one thousand only) per day from the date of determination of his tenancy till he hands over possession thereof to the plaintiff.

3. Owing to defaults in payment of rent with effect from May 2014 and the unruly behaviour of the appellant/defendant on demands made for payment of arrears of rent, the plaintiff served a legal notice on September 02, 2014 terminating the tenancy of the appellant/defendant with effect from October 03, 2014 and also calling upon the appellant/defendant to pay rent within a period of 15 days. Since the appellant/defendant failed to hand over the actual vacant and peaceful possession of the Suit Property, the respondent/plaintiff filed the Suit.

4. Even though the defendant had put in appearance in pursuance of the Trial Court's summons, he failed to file the written statement and finally defence was struck of vide order of the Trial Court dated August 12, 2015. The relevant portion of the said order reads as under:

    "As the stipulated period of 90 days has already been expired since the date of appearance of the defendant, caused on 08.12.2014 and the WS has not been filed on behalf of defendant, the right to file WS by the defendant is struck of. The application under Order 8 Rule 10 CPC stands disposed of in view of the above orders.

    Since morning, none has appeared for the defendant despite repeated calls, the defendant is proceeded ex parte.

    The list of witnesses and the affidavit-in-evidence of PWs be filed by the plaintiff.

    Be put up for PE (ex-parte) for 18.02.2016.

    Be put up with connected matter bearing CS No. 319/2014. "

5. Thereafter, appellant/defendant moved an application under Order IX Rule 7 read with Section 151 CPC and with the said application appellant/defendant also filed his written statement. Subsequently, the respondent/plaintiff moved two applications under Order XII Rule 6 and Order VIII Rule 10 of the CPC.

6. The Trial Court vide order dated April 05, 2017, disposed of the application

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