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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Prathiba M. Singh, J.
Lala Ram - Appellant
Versus
Rajender Kumar - Respondent
RSA 28 of 2021
Decided On : 08-10-2021




Res judicata bars the re-litigation of claims based on prior judgments, affirming ownership determined by valid sale deeds despite claims of ancestral property.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order XII Rule 6 - Res Judicata - Suit for possession and damages - Appellant challenged decree based on previous judgment asserting ancestral claim - Court upheld previous findings declaring earlier dismissal due to suppression of facts and affirmed ownership based on sale deed dated 13.01.2000, dismissing the present appeal on grounds of lack of any substantial questions of law. (Paras 6, 10, 13)

(B) The principle of res judicata binds the parties to issues already determined in previous litigation regarding the same subject matter. (Paras 12, 13)

Facts of the case:
Appellant sought a declaration regarding ownership and permanent injunction on the suit property, which was contested by the Respondent through a suit for possession and mesne profits, following a dismissal of Appellant's previous suit citing material suppression.

Findings of Court:
The suit has been partly decreed, ordering vacating of possession based on previously established findings of ownership through valid sale deed.

Issues: The central issues were the admissibility of the Appellant's claim of ancestral property and the applicability of res judicata from prior litigation, along with lawful possession rights.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court reiterated that the Appellant, having not challenged the validity of the sale deed in prior judgment, cannot base his claim on ancestral status, corroborating that res judicata prohibits retrial of settled matters.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. appellant's previous suit dismissed; implications for current appeal. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
2. trial court's findings confirmed; res judicata applies. (Para 9 , 10)
3. court analyzed implications of earlier judgments; no substantial question arose. (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
4. second appeal dismissed; judgment upheld. (Para 14)

JUDGMENT

Prathiba M. Singh, J. (Oral)--This hearing has been done through hybrid mode.

CM APPL. 9979/2021 (for exemption)

2. Allowed subject to all just exceptions. Application is disposed of.

CM APPL. 9980/2021( for delay)

3. This is an application for condonation of delay. Delay is allowed.

4. Application is disposed of.

RSA 28/2021 and CM APPL. 9978/2021 (stay)

5. Notice is yet to be issued in this matter. None appears for the Respondent.

6. This is a regular second appeal challenging the judgment dated 22nd October, 2020 passed by Ld. ADJ, Tis Hazari Courts, Delhi (hereinafter "Appellate Court") in RCA No.32/2020 titled Lala Ram v. Rajender Kumar. By the impugned judgement, the Appellate Court has upheld the judgement and decree dated 6th August, 2019 passed by Ld. Civil Judge, Central District, Tis Hazari Courts, Delhi (hereinafter "Trial Court") in Civil Suit No.1546/2018 titled Rajender Kumar v. Lala Ram.

7. On 20th November, 2004, the Appellant herein had instituted CS SCJ No. 457/2004 titled Lala Ram v. Rajender Kumar seeking a declaration and permanent injunction against his brother, Respondent herein, in respect of the property bearing No. 16/78 Bapa Nagar, Hardhiyan Singh Road, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-110005 admeasuring 65 sq. yrds. (hereinafter "suit property"). The said suit was dismissed by the Trial Court vide judgment and decree dated 12th November, 2009 and it was held that the Appellant herein was guilty of suppressing material facts and was not entitled to the decree for declaration as sought. The said judgment dated 12th November, 2009 has attained finality as the same has not been challenged.

8. On the strength of the said judgment dated 12th November, 2009, the Respondent herein, Mr. Rajender Kumar filed the suit for possession, recovery of damages and mesne profits against the Appellant. The prayers in the said suit were as under:-

    In view of the above facts and circumstances, it is, therefore, most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court may kindly be pleased:-

    a). To pass a decree in favor of the plaintiff and against the defendant for possession of his portion as shown red colour of the site plan of the suit property and the defendant may kindly be directed immediately to handover the vacate & peaceful possession of possession of Second Floor of suit property bearing no. H.No.16/78- 1, Bapa Nagar, Hardhiyan Singh Road, Karol Bagh, New Delhi-110005 specifically as shown in the red colour of the site plan attached to the plaintiff;

    b). To pass a decree for a sum of Rs.2,88,000/- ( Two Lacs eighty eight thousand ) in favor of the plaintiff and against the defendant on account of damages/mesne profit w.e.f. June 2015 to May 2018 for illegal use, occupation and possession of the second floor of the suit property along with pendent lite and future damages/rent @ Rs.8,000/- per month till the date of vacating handing over the actual, vacant, peaceful and physical possession of the suit/tenanted property by the defendant to the plaintiff. The plaintiff undertake to pay the requisite and prescribed court fee on the amount of pendente lite and future damages/mesne profit as and when so directed by the Hon'ble Court.

    Costs of the suit/proceedings may kindly also be awarded in favor of the plaintiff and against the defendant.

    Any other or further order(s)/relief(s), which this Hon'ble Court may deem fit and proper be kindly passed in favor of the Plaintiff and against the defendant;

9. Vide judgment and decree dated 6th August, 2019, the Trial Court has held that the suit filed by the Respondent would be liable to be decreed in view of the earlier findings in CS SCJ

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