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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Asha Menon, J.
T.V. Today Network Limited - Appellant
Versus
News Laundry Media Private Limited - Respondent
CS(COMM) 551 of 2021, I.As. 14238 of 2021, 14296 of 2021, 14964 of 2021, 37 of 2022, 1055 of 2022 & 4827 of 2022
Decided On : 29-07-2022




The court found the plaintiff established a prima facie case of copyright infringement, while defendants claimed fair use and truth defenses for defamation, necessitating a trial to assess merits.

Headnote:(A) Commercial Courts Act, 2015 - Section 12A - Copyright Act, 1957 - Sections 14, 37, 39, and 52 - Defamation and commercial disparagement - Exemption from pre-institution mediation allowed due to urgency; plaintiff's application to file additional documents allowed; case of copyright infringement established; defendants’ comments found potentially defamatory and disparaging, denying them protections claimed under fair use. (Paras 5, 20, 28, 34, 40, 54, 63, 70, 74, 91)

(B) Defamation - Commercial disparagement - Elements for establishing a prima facie case indicated; balance of convenience not in favor of grant of injunctive relief at this stage as damages could compensate the plaintiff. (Paras 77, 90)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiff, a prominent media company with high social media followership, sued several defendants for copyright infringement and defamation related to programs aired that allegedly ridiculed and disparaged its journalistic integrity, invoking claims of fair use by defendants. (Paras 15, 20, 40, 54)

Findings of Court:
The plaintiff established a prima facie case of copyright infringement while the defendants raised defenses involving fair use, with the court deeming trial necessary to examine the merits of these claims. (Paras 88, 94)

Issues: The court addressed whether the current suit constituted a commercial dispute, whether exemptions under the Commercial Courts Act were applicable, and the validity of the defendants' defences under fair use and truth in the context of defamation. (Paras 28, 41, 70)

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded that the copyright infringement claims were sufficient to warrant examination; while the defendants could assert fair use, the interconnectedness of claims would necessitate full trial consideration. (Paras 78, 91)

Result: The application for interim injunction dismissed, allowing case to proceed to trial.

Table of Content
1. allowing filing of additional documents. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. exemption from pre-institution mediation granted. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. permissions for filing additional documents on infringing content. (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
4. screenshots allow for supplementary evidence concerning infringement. (Para 10 , 11 , 12)
5. plaintiff's reputation allegedly tarnished by defendants' actions. (Para 13 , 20 , 21)
6. defendants' content criticized alleged infringement and defamation. (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 30)
7. jurisdiction of commercial courts established for this suit. (Para 40 , 41 , 42)
8. broadcast reproduction rights discussed in context of infringement. (Para 53 , 54 , 58)
9. principles for granting injunctions and balance of interests. (Para 70 , 74)
10. interim injunction denied; trial required for further examination. (Para 77 , 92 , 93)

ORDER

I.A.14238/2021 (by the plaintiff u/S 151 CPC for filing additional documents)

1. The application has been moved by the plaintiff along with the suit seeking leave to file additional documents within 30 days, as the suit had been filed for urgent relief.

2. In the interest of justice, the application is allowed.

3. The application stands disposed of.

I.A.14296/2021 (by the plaintiff u/S 12A of the Commercial Courts Act, 2015 seeking exemption from pre-institution mediation)

4. The application has been moved by the plaintiff along with the suit seeking exemption from exhausting the remedy of pre-institution mediation.

5. Mr. Saurabh Kirpal, learned senior counsel for the defendants No.1 to 9, had raised an objection that the suit is not a `commercial suit'. If that be so, the application would be unnecessary. However, since the suit has been filed as a `commercial suit' and in view of the fact that the urgent reliefs of injunction against infringement of copyright has been sought, the application is allowed and the plaintiff is exempted from exhausting the remedy of the pre-institution mediation.

6. The application stands disposed of.

I.A.14964/2021 (by the plaintiff u/O VII Rule 10 CPC to file additional documents) and I.A.37/2022 (by the plaintiff u/O VII Rule 14 read with Section 151 CPC seeking permission to file additional documents)

7. These applications have been filed by the plaintiff seeking permission to place on the record, the transcripts of the videos, in respect of which, the plaintiff has sought relief, which are allegedly containing infringing material and defamatory/derogatory material against the plaintiff.

8. The objection raised by the learned senior counsel for the defendants No.1 to 9 was that neither provision was applicable. However, since the videos have been produced before the court, the transcripts would only assist the court, for which reason the plaintiff is allowed to place the same on the record. Accordingly, these transcripts are taken as part of the record, subject to any objection that the defendants may raise in respect of the correctness of the transcripts during trial, as such a comparison is not possible at this stage.

9. The application stands disposed of in aforesaid terms.

I.A.1055/2022 (by the plaintiff u/O XI Rule 1 CPC as amended by the Commercial Courts Act, 2015 seeking leave to file additional documents)

10. The application has been moved by the plaintiff under Order XI Rule 1 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (for short, "CPC") as amended by the Commercial Courts Act, 2015 seeking permission to place on record additional documents, namely, screenshots of the tweets/posts appearing on the websites of the defendant No.11 i.e., www.facebook.com and www.instagram.com and the website of the defendant No.12 i.e., www.twitter.com, as listed in the plaint, allegedly containing defamatory/infringing content.

11. Since these are only screenshots of details already listed in the plaint, in the interest of justice, as it would only assist the court in appreciating the contents as to whether they contain infringing/defamatory mate

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