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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Swarana Kanta Sharma, J.
State - Appellant
Versus
Pramod Kumar - Respondent
Crl.Rev.P. 976 of 2018
Decided On : 22-11-2022




Consent obtained under false promises of marriage vitiates consent and constitutes a basis for rape charges under Section 375 IPC.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Sections 397, 401, 482 - Discharge of accused - Order setting aside trial court’s discharge of accused for offences under Sections 354/354D/376/506 IPC after finding of clear allegations of rape based on false promise of marriage - Court ruled that trial court failed to apply required legal principles in assessing prima facie case, disregarding allegations and evidence awaiting FSL report. (Paras 36, 43)

(B) Framing of Charges - Trial court must not conduct a mini-trial or evaluate evidence in detail at the charge stage but ascertain whether prima facie case exists based on the available material. (Paras 20, 24)

(C) False Promise to Marry - Consent obtained under a false promise vitiates consent for sexual relations and constitutes grounds for rape charges under Section 375 IPC. (Paras 25, 30)

Facts of the case:
The complainant alleged multiple sexual assaults by the accused, a police officer, under the pretext of marriage, detailing threats and coercive tactics used to prevent her from reporting the incidents. (Paras 3-5)

Findings of Court:
The learned trial court erred by discharging the accused without considering the complete context of allegations and evidence submitted. The decision to dismiss was contrary to law and against ongoing investigations including pending FSL results. (Paras 43-44)

Issues: Whether the trial court properly assessed evidence while discharging the accused and whether the allegations leveled justified proceeding with charges. (Paras 38-39)

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the need to consider all material evidence at the charge stage and not merely rely on discrepancies in the complainant's statements. The promise to marry must be made in good faith; failure to uphold such promise can invalidate consent. (Paras 25, 31)

Result: Petition allowed; discharge of the accused set aside, directing trial court to proceed accordingly.

Table of Content
1. facts of the complainant's allegations (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
2. arguments regarding trial court's discharge decision (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16)
3. principles regarding framing of charges (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
4. consent and deception in cases of rape (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33)
5. errors in trial court's discharge reasoning (Para 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41)
6. court's decision to set aside discharge order (Para 42)
7. final directives and conclusion of the court (Para 43 , 44)

JUDGMENT

Swarana Kanta Sharma, J.

1. The petitioner i.e. the State through instant petition, filed under Sections 397/401 read with Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, seeking setting aside of order dated 23.07.2018 passed by learned ASJ/SFTC-2 (Central), Tis Hazari Courts, Delhi in case No. 283/2018 titled as "State v. Pramod Kumar" in FIR bearing no. 122/2017, Police Station DBG Road, and direct framing of charges against the respondent and consequent trial in accordance with law.

FACTUAL MATRIX

2. The brief facts of the case are that on 06.07.2017, a complaint was received at Police Station DBG Road by the Complainant ("X"), who is aged about 24 years. It was alleged in the complaint that the Complainant was unmarried and residing with her widowed mother. The complainant and her mother were stated to be doing the work of selling of boiled eggs and omelet on rehri in front of MCD office DBG Road.

3. The accused/Respondent was appointed as beat officer in that area. The complainant came into contact with the accused and later accused developed talking terms with her. It was alleged that the accused made a false promise of marriage to the complainant and on that basis, respondent outraged complainant's modesty a number of times and started playing with her emotions and body. Accused used to follow her to the gym and yoga classes. It was further alleged that on six occasions, the accused had taken the complainant to the khander of Dev Nagar, behind Liberty Cinema and did oral sex with her. It was further alleged that on 10.04.2017, the accused entered into her house in drunken condition and performed sexual intercourse and raped her without her consent.

4. It was again alleged that after the abovesaid incident, the accused threatened the complainant stating that since he himself was a police constable, police could not do anything against him and in case she proceeded against him, she would have to face dire consequences and he would kill her. It was also alleged that the accused also threatened to upload the objectionable photographs of her on the net which was taken by him. The complainant stated that the accused was in active contact with her through WhatsApp messages through his mobile number.

5. It was stated in the complaint that due to the abovesaid incidents the complainant went into depression and because of that initially she refused to join and participate in the investigation or get her medical examination conducted. Later, after efforts made by the I.O. SI Veena Sharma, the statement of the complainant u/S 164 Cr.P.C was recorded. In said statement, she reiterated the version given by her in the FIR bearing no. 122/2017 registered at Police Station DBG Road, Delhi for the offences punishable under Sections 354/354D/376/509 of the Indian Penal Code 1860. The Complainant further stated that she gave complaints to the police station for two months, but instead of taking action thereon, she was made fun of and threatened. She also alleged that the Investigating Officer of the case also threatened her to take back her case.

6. It was further stated by the complainant that on 15.07.2017, at 11:30-11:45, one person had come to her house, who did not tell his name, and asked her not to give her statement and to withdraw her complaint and they would ask the accused to apologize and even to pay money to the complainant. She further a

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