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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Swarana Kanta Sharma, J.
Ujjwal Gupta - Appellant
Versus
State (GNCTD) - Respondent
Crl.Rev. P. 73 of 2018
Decided On : 13-12-2022




The court reaffirmed that at the charge framing stage, it is sufficient for the prosecution to show that prima facie evidence exists to warrant trial, without weighing the evidence as in a full trial.

Headnote:(A) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Sections 397, 401, and 482 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 498A, 304B, 302, and 34 - Revision petition filed to challenge framing of charges against accused in dowry death case - The court held that prima facie evidence of cruelty and harassment under Section 498A IPC exists, with suspicion of poisoning leading to death. Specific concerns included the sufficiency of the material at the charge framing stage and evidence of demand for dowry. (Paras 1, 3, 6, 19)

(B) Criminal charges - Standard for framing charges - At the pre-trial stage, the court must ascertain if prima facie case exists based on the prosecution's evidence without conducting a mini-trial. (Paras 3, 19)

(C) Dowry death - Section 304B IPC - Essential elements outlined including death within seven years of marriage, subject to cruelty related to dowry demand, and applicability of evidentiary presumptions. (Paras 9, 10)

Facts of the case:
The revision petition arose from an FIR regarding the death of a pregnant woman, shortly after marriage, who died under suspicious circumstances. The petitioners argued that insufficient material warranted quashing the charges relating to dowry death and associated offences.

Findings of Court:
The court found adequate prima facie evidence supporting the framing of charges regarding dowry harassment and the alleged poisoning.

Issues: The primary issues were whether sufficient materials existed to frame charges under the IPC sections cited and the nature of evidence required at charge framing.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated that a charge should not be quashed unless the evidence is inadequate; it is sufficient to establish grave suspicion for proceeding with trial.

Result: Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. revision petition filed under cr.p.c. (Para 1)
2. factual background of the marriage and subsequent events. (Para 2 , 3)
3. arguments regarding framing of charges. (Para 4 , 5)
4. court's analysis on charge framing process. (Para 6 , 7)
5. high court's approach on quashing charges under cr.p.c. (Para 8)
6. definition of dowry death under ipc. (Para 9)
7. essential ingredients of section 304b ipc. (Para 10 , 11)
8. discussion on section 498a and 302 ipc charges. (Para 12 , 13)
9. court's findings on linking charges of 302 with section 304b. (Para 14)
10. details on evidence and allegations against accused. (Para 15 , 16)
11. discussion on cause of injuries and treatment issues. (Para 18)
12. supreme court's confirmation on evidential sufficiency. (Para 19)
13. final dismissal of the petition by the court. (Para 20 , 21 , 22)

JUDGMENT

Swarana Kanta Sharma, J.

1. The present revision petition under Sections 397/401 read with Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 ("Cr.P.C.") has been filed by the petitioners for setting aside the impugned order dated 23.11.2017 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge-II, North-West District, Rohini Courts, New Delhi in case FIR bearing no. 765/2016, registered at Police Station Keshav Puram, Delhi for the offences punishable under Sections 498A/304B/302/34 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 ("IPC") whereby charges have been framed against petitioners and other accused persons under Sections 498A/304B/302/34 IPC.

2. The brief facts of the case are that petitioner no. 1 and the deceased got married to each other on 28.01.2016.After marriage, both parties started living separately from the family of petitioner no. 1, till 10.11.2016, after which they shifted to the house of their parents i.e., matrimonial house of deceased as the deceased was pregnant. On 21.11.2016, at about 11:58 A.M., a PCR call, vide DD no. 27-A, regarding admission of deceased at Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, Punjabi Bagh, Delhi was received at P.S. Keshav Puram, Delhi. The concerned police officer went to the hospital and found that deceased was under treatment and was unfit for statement, as mentioned in MLC No. 904/16, but after sometime, she passed away during the course of being treated. An FIR bearing no. 765/2016 was registered on 22.11.2016, on the basis of statement of the mother of the deceased under Section 161 Cr.P.C.

3. The police after investigation submitted the charge sheet under Sections 498A/302/304B/34 IPC, whereupon cognizance was taken against the petitioners and the case was committed to the Court of Sessions for trial. The learned Trial Court vide order dated 23.11.2017 framed the charges against the accused persons, including the petitioners, relevant portion of which is as under:

    "...This FIR was registered on-the statement ofSmt. Shashi, who is the mother of deceased on 22/11/2016 but it is relevant here to state that during course of investigation IO has recorded her supplementary statement u/s 161 CrPC and also statementof other witnesses including her husband Ram Bilas,Shivang and Ujjwal both s/o Sh.Ram Bilas and others including neighbours Smt. Rama Gupta and Smt. Sana Gupta. All of them have averred that the deceased was subjected to cruelty and harassment on account of demand of dowry. The-statement of the parents and brothers of the deceasedarevery detailed giving details of various incidents about such torture and harassment to the deceased at the hands of the applicants and the other family members. The deceased was having three months pregnancy and she expired within around 10 months of the marriage. The post mortem report and the subsequent opinion of thedoctor taken by the investigating agency also goes against the accused persons. The circumstances argued by Ld. Counsel for the applicant to show that the injury on her face and lip could be the result of force applied during gastric lavage procedure is matter oftrial.

    It is settled law that, at the stage of considerati

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