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2025 Supreme(Del) 738

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
ANISH DAYAL, J.
 
Central Board Of Secondary Education – Petitioner
Versus
Ramesh Kumar – Respondent
W.P.(C) 12070 of 2016 & CM APPL. 47710 of 2016
Decided On : 31-07-2025 
 

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Ms. Manisha Singh, Advocate.
For the Respondent:Mr. Aayush Agarwala, Mr. Anuj P. Agarwala, Mr. Prakash Jha and Mr. Vipul Singh, Advocates

Termination of daily wages worker was illegal due to procedural deficiencies; reinstatement was deemed inappropriate, thus awarded monetary compensation instead.

Headnote:(A) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - Sections 25F and 25G - Award passed by the Labour Court declaring the termination of service of a daily wager as illegal - Court found violations of principles of natural justice, and lack of compliance with statutory requirements for valid retrenchment - Relief granted to the respondent included reinstatement and back wages - Court noted the respondent had worked intermittently but failed to establish continuous service of 240 days as required by law - Delay in raising the complaint, however, was not deemed prejudicial to the respondent's claim - Significant reliance placed on past judicial decisions regarding workplace rights and fairness in termination procedures. (Paras 2, 20, 34, and 36)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, a Board, terminated the services of the respondent, claiming he did not meet minimum service requirements under the ID Act. The respondent challenged the termination alleging procedural violations, particularly noting failures in communication which affected his employment status.

Findings of Court:
The Labour Court held that the termination was illegal as no proper notice was provided and reinstatement was warranted; however, the final judgment decided upon monetary compensation instead of reinstatement due to the practicalities of the employment context.

Issues: Core issues included whether the respondent had rendered the requisite 240 days of service, the legality of the termination, the impact of address miscommunication, and the implications of delay in legal proceedings.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the employer's responsibility to demonstrate procedural compliance in terminations, reiterating that claims of service length must be substantiated by evidence, while also acknowledging that delays by workers must show prejudice to invalidate claims.

Result: The petition was disposed of with directions to grant lump sum compensation of Rs.15 lakhs to the respondent in lieu of reinstatement.

Table of Content
1. challenge to the validity of termination under id act. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. petitioner's arguments about workman's employment history. (Para 4)
3. details concerning pleadings and respondent's claims. (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13)
4. discussion on the labour court's findings and evidence. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
5. validity of termination without notice and proper procedure. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
6. implications of wrongful termination on workman's status. (Para 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
7. regarding delay in approaching the labour court. (Para 25 , 26 , 27)
8. relief granted by the labour court in light of evidence. (Para 28 , 29 , 30)
9. consideration for monetary compensation instead of reinstatement. (Para 31 , 32 , 33 , 34)
10. final orders regarding compensation and case disposition. (Para 35 , 36 , 37 , 38)

JUDGMENT :

ANISH DAYAL, J.

1. This petition has been filed for setting aside Award dated 29th March 2016, passed by the Labour Court, Karkardooma, in Industrial Disputes Case No. 19/2014.

2. The impugned award holds that the retrenchment/ termination of services of the respondent/ workman was illegal and against the principles of natural justice. The retrenchment/termination of the respondent/workman was held to be violative of Section(s) 25F and 25G of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘ID Act’).

3. The respondent/workman was granted the relief of reinstatement and back wages along with all consequential benefits, from the time of termination of service i.e. May 2005.

Submissions on behalf of petitioner

4. Ms. Manisha Singh, counsel for petitioner, in support of the challenge to the impugned award, submitted as under:

4.1 Respondent/workman was hired as a daily wager, recurrently, for various intervals of time, between the years 1996 to 2005.

4.2 For a cumulative span of ten (10) years, respondent/workman rendered his services for mere 373 days.

4.3 Respondent/workman did not serve for even a single day, for the year(s) 1997, 2000, 2002, 2003 and 2004.

4.4 Respondent/ workman did not render 240 days of continuous service in any calendar year, which is a statutory/ mandatory requirement under Section 25F ID Act.

4.5 This Court in W.P.(C) No.2292/1999 vide judgment dated 12th February 2004, directed the petitioner herein to publish a seniority list and invite objections to the same, by displaying the list on the notice board of the Head Office, also, to consider and dispose of objections, if any.

4.6 Accordingly, objections were invited to the seniority list and all daily wagers (including the respondent/workman) were required to submit their objections by 31st July 2004.

4.7 Respondent/workman failed to submit any objection during the stipulated time period. The list was finalized and displayed vide Office Order dated 02nd March 2005.

4.8 Respondent/workman reported for duty on 3rd March 2005; his contact details, as published in the final seniority list, stood undisputed.

4.9 Various call letters were addressed to the respondent/ workman in the year(s) 2006, 2007 and 2008, however, the respondent/workman failed to report to the call of duty.

4.10 On 16.02.2009, the petitioner/Board entered into an agreement with the Workers Union. It was agreed that as per the demands of the Workers Union, the names of the daily wagers, who had not reported for work, for the years 2006, 2007 and 2008, would be deleted from the seniority list.

4.11 Consequently, respondent’s/workman’s name was deleted from the seniority list.

4.12 Respondent/workman approached the petitioner/Board on 21st February 2012, to rejoin duty and for his failure to attend to be excepted on humanitarian grounds. It is pertinent to note that the respondent/ workman arose from slumber after a lapse of seven (7) years, conveniently so, upon learning about the regular selection process being undertaken by the petitioner/ Board, subject to passing the Trade Test.

4.13 However, respondent’s/workman’s name was no longer in the seniority l

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