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1998 Supreme(Guj) 208

Gujarat High Court
Judgename :N.N.MATHUR
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER AND VICE-CHAIRMAN,gujarat MARITIME BOARD - Appellant
Versus
PATEL GANDU PABA - Respondent
Civil Revision 185 of 1998
Decided On : 04/18/1998

Advocates Appeared: D.PANDEY, P.K.JANIKIRAN, SATYA PAL GUSAIN

Headnote:Civil Procedure Code, 1908 - Sec. 115, Order 2, Rule 3 & Order 3, Rule 1 - Advocates Act, 1961 - Secs. 29, 32 & 33 - Only advocates competent to appear & plead on behalf of litigants - Exception in Sec. 32 enables Court in a given case to permit even a person not enrolled under the Advocate Act to appear before it in particular cases but not generally - However, under provisions of Code only the general power of attorney holder has right of appearance - In the instance case contention of Mr. `G that by virtue of his designation as Dy. Collector-cum-Sr.Legal advisor in GMB he is authorised by Vice Chairman & Chief Executive Officer to appear & represent GMB in particular cases can not be accepted - Revision dismissed having no force.

       An Advocate holds a unique place in the administration of justice. In addition to the basic qualification of Law degree which provides elementary knowledge of different branches of law, experience gained in the daily application of law and interpretation of law and are best aware of the perfection of the legal system, their close contacts with all sections of the society to constitute a most competent class of man to assist the Court in administration of justice for the common good of the people. Thus, there is a consensus that a non-lawyer should not be permitted to appear to represent another. That appears to be the purpose behind Order 3 Rule 1 CPC and provisions of Sec. 33 of the Advocates Act, 1961.

       [Para 9]

       Section 33 gives the monopoly to the profession when it says that no person shall be entitled to practise unless he is enrolled under the Advocates Act. Sec. 32 is exception to the said Act to the extent that the Court in a given case, may permit even a person not enrolled under the Advocates Act to appear before it.

       [Para 11]

       Thus, in the given case, the Court may permit even a person not qualified in law, but such power cannot be exercised in routine. Mr. Gusain himself was permitted by the Supreme Court in the case reported in 1966 (11) SCC 23. but this cannot be understood as that he should be permitted by Courts as a matter of routine. The way the GMB has been authorising him to appear in the cases and the list of cases which clearly shows that it is not the case where Mr. Gusain has been appearing in certain selected cases, but it is a matter of routine, and therefore, in fact he is practising the profession in the guise of memorandum of authorization. The authority which Mr. Gusain has referred to i.e., AIR 1978 SC 1019, the Court has said that such a person cannot practise the profession habitually representing parties in Court.

       [Para 12]

N. N. MATHUR, J.

( 1 ) THIS Revision Application under Sec. 115 C. P. C. , is at the instance of the Chief Executive Officer and Vice-Chairman, Gujarat Maritime Board against the order dated 3-1-1993 passed by the Second Joint Civil Judge (S. D.), jamnagar, whereby the learned Judge granted application Exh. 25 of the plaintiff in Civil Suit No. 85 of 1997 restricting Mr. S. P. Gusain, Dy. Collector in the Gujarat maritime Board (for short, the G. M. B. ) from making any submission before the said Court.

( 2 ) NECESSARY facts are that the respondent-plaintiff filed Civil Suits in the Court of Second Joint Civil Judge (S. D.), Jamnagar against the G. M. B. , for declaration and permanent injunction by which they have challenged the Record of Right Entry No. 2368 of Mortgage of Lands of village Keshia, Taluka Jodia, Dist. Jamnagar bearing survey No. 584, 405, 612, 281 owned by late Gandu Paba and Survey No. 523, 582, 559, 27 and 546 of village Keshia, Taluka Jodia, Dist. Jamnagar owned by late Mavji natha. They, inter alia, also challenged the execution of declaration bonds, security bonds and Agreement Deeds duly executed by their ancestors late Gandu Paba and late Mavji Natha before Executive Magistrate, Jamnagar and other competent authorities for having stood sureties to defendant No. 3, namely; Abdul Gani Ismail mandalia for Rs. 3,15,000. 00 given as loan for construction of Mechanised Vessel in favour of Government of Gujarat through the then Director of Ports, Gujarat State.

( 3 ) MR. S. P. Gusain, Dy. Collector and Senior Legal Advisor of G. M. B. , filed appearance in the said suit being Civil Suit No. 85 of 1997 after duly authorised by the Vice-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, G. M. B.

( 4 ) THE appearance of Mr. Gusain was objected by the learned Advocate for the plaintiff by way of filing Application Exh. 25 stating, inter alia, that Mr. S. P. Gusain who is working as Dy. Collector under the G. M. B. , is appointed as authorised person by the G. M. B. , but he has not filed any appearance memo as a Principle Officer as provided under Order 29 of the Civil Procedure Code. It is also stated that Rule 3 of Order 2 of the C. P. C. has been amended by the High Court of Gujarat. It is only the general power of attorney holder has right of appearance on behalf of G. M. B. According to the plaintiff, Mr. Gusain is neither holding any power of attorney nor he is holding any Sanad, from Gujarat Bar Council or from any other State and hence he has no right to plead on behalf of the G. M. B. and hence he may be restrained from pleading on behalf of G. M. B.

( 5 ) THE trial Court, relying on a decision of the Bombay High Court, in the case of A. S. Patel v. National Rayon Corporation, reported in AIR 1955 Bom 262, held that the expression "appearance" under Order 3 Rule 1 of C. P. C. , does not include the right of audience in Court. In view of this, the Court held that Mr. Gusain has no locus standi to plead on behalf of defendant No. 1-G. M. B.

( 6 ) I have heard Mr. Gusain. At the outset, to shorten the controversy, it is made clear by Mr. Gusain that he does not claim any legal right of audience or right of practice as he has not enrolled himself as an Advocate. His only say is that by virtue of his designation as Dy. Collector-cum-Sr. Legal Advisor in the G. M. B. , he has been authorised by the Vice-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, G. M. B. , to appear and represent G. M. B. , in particular cases only. He has been filing appearances in various Courts on behalf of G. M. B. , and has argued the matter only with prior permission of the concerned Court or authority or person in that particular case as provided under Sec. 32 of the Advocates Act, 1961. He has also furnished a list of cases shown at Annexure a wherein he has put in appearance and he has been given audience by various Courts right from the Supreme Court, down below to the court of Civil Judge (J. D. ). He has also referred to one of the decisions of the A
















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