IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
Mauna M. Bhatt, J.
United India Insurance Co. Ltd. – Appellant
Versus
Punjabhai Mangalbhai Solanki & 3 Others – Respondents
R/First Appeal No. 1697 of 2008
Decided On : 29-09-2022
Motor Vehicles Act - Insurance Liability - Section 173 - The judgment and award of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal directed the Insurance Company to first pay the compensation and then permitted to recover from the owner of the vehicle. The court held that the deceased was travelling in a ‘Chhakdo Rickshaw’ as a gratuitous passenger and no extra premium was paid to the Insurance Company. The court relied on the decision in the case of United India Insurance Co. vs. Rajabhai Kanjibhai Harijan and Ors. and United India Insurance Company Ltd vs. Maheshkumar Babulal Shah & 7 Others to support its decision.
Fact of the Case:
The deceased was travelling in a Chhakdo Rickshaw and sustained grievous injury leading to death. The claimants filed a petition seeking compensation. The Insurance Company argued that the deceased was travelling as a gratuitous passenger and no extra premium was paid for passenger travelling with goods.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the deceased was travelling as a gratuitous passenger and no extra premium was paid to the Insurance Company. The court relied on previous decisions to support its finding.
Issues: The issues involved negligence, compensation, and liability of the Insurance Company.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the deceased was travelling as a gratuitous passenger and no extra premium was paid to the Insurance Company, thereby exonerating the Insurance Company from its liability.
Final Decision: The court allowed the appeal in part, exonerated the Insurance Company from its liability, and directed the refund of any deposited amount to the Insurance Company with proportionate costs and interest accrued thereon.
JUDGMENT :
1. This appeal, under Section 173 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (‘the Act’ for short), is filed by the Insurance-Company as appellant, challenging the judgment and award dated 08.03.2007, of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (Auxi.) Fast Track Court No.11, Kheda at Nadiad in the Motor Accident Claims Petition No.349 of 1996, wherein the Tribunal awarded total compensation of Rs.1,62,500/- with interest at the rate of 9% per annum from the date of filing of Claim Petition till realisation with proportionate costs. The Tribunal further in the judgment and award dated 08.03.2007, directed the Insurance Company to first pay the amount of compensation and then permitted to recover from the owner of the vehicle involved.
2. In this appeal, appellant is the Insurance Company with whom the vehicle in question was insured at the relevant time. Respondent Nos.1, 2 and 3 are the original-claimants and respondent 4 is a driver-cum-owner of vehicle No.GJ-7X-2432.
3. The facts emerging from the record of this appeal are as under :
On 18.02.1996, Natubhai Punjabhai (hereinafter referred to as ‘deceased’) was travelling in Chhakdo Rickshaw No. GJ-7X-2432, at that time, the vehicle (Chhakdo Rickshaw) turned turtle and Natubhai sustained grievous injury and succumbed to the same. For the said accident, original claimants filed claim petition under Section 166 of the Act, seeking compensation of Rs. 2,50,000/-. It was case of the original-claimants that the accident occurred when the deceased was travelling in a Chhakdo Rickshaw carrying goods. The accident occasioned on account of rash and negligent driving of driver of Chhakdo Rickshaw. As deceased was earning Rs.1500/- per month by doing labour work, claimants were entitled for the compensation as claimed.
Upon claim petition being filed, notices were issued. Before the Tribunal though served, opponent No.3 (owner/driver of the Chhakdo Rickshaw No. GJ-7X-2432), chose not to appear. The Insurance Company appeared and filed its written statement below Exh.32. It was case of the Insurance Company before the Tribunal that deceased Natubhai Punjabhai was travelling as gratuitous passenger and as he was travelling as a gratuitous passenger, Insurance Company is not liable for the payment of compensation as claimed. It was further case of the Insurance Company before the tribunal that assuming without admitting that even if the passenger was travelling with the goods in ‘chakdo rickshow’; extra premium was not paid by the owner of the vehicle and therefore also, Insurance Company is not liable for the payment of compensation.
4. The Tribunal after hearing the parties and upon appreciation of the evidence on record, decided the issues as under: -
(i) In relation to negligence, the Tribunal held driver of Chhakdo Rickshaw as sole negligent for occurrence of the accident.
(ii) In relation to compensation, the Tribunal, awarded total compensation of Rs.1,62,500/- with 9% per cent interest per annum from the date of filing of claim petition till realisation with proportionate cost.
(iii) In relation to liability, the Tribunal held that the deceased was travelling in a ‘Chakdo Rickshaw’ as a gratuitous passenger. It was also held that no extra premium was paid to the Insurance Company for passenger travelling with the goods. The Tribunal however, directed the Insurance Company to pay the compensation and then permitted to recover from the owner of the vehicle.
5. Aggrieved by the liability fastened on the Insurance Company and consequently the compensation awarded, present appeal is filed by the Insurance Company under Section 173 of the Act.
6. Heard learned advocate Mr. Bhavin Thaker for learned advocate Mr. M.J. Shelat for the appellant – Insurance Company. Though served, none appeared for original claimants as well as owner of the vehicle. It is pertinent to note that before the Tribunal also none appeared on behalf of the owner of the vehicle. The Co-ordinate Bench of this Court, vide orde
New India Assurance Company Limited Vs. Asha Rani and others
AI
Insurer of goods carriage not liable for gratuitous passengers' death/injuries; no 'pay and recover' direction by Tribunal, as lacks Supreme Court's Article 142 power.
Insurance companies are not liable for injuries to unauthorized passengers traveling in goods vehicles, as per amendments to the Motor Vehicles Act and relevant case law.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the insurance company is not liable to pay compensation for unauthorized passengers in goods vehicles, based on the interpretation of relevant....
The liability of the insurer under a statutory policy is restricted to indemnify the insured in respect of claims made by third parties and the owner of goods or their authorized representatives who ....
An Act Policy does not cover the risk of gratuitous passengers in a private car, and the principle of pay and recover is not applicable in such cases.
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