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2023 Supreme(Guj) 198

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
SONIA GOKANI, NISHA M. THAKORE, JJ.
State Of Gujarat & others – Appellants
Versus
Gohel Vishal Chhaganbhai & others – Respondents
R/Letters Patent Appeal No. 1159 of 2017, In R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 8154 of 2015 With R/LETTERS PATENT APPEAL NO. 1305 of 2015 In SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 6111 of 2014 With R/LETTERS PATENT APPEAL NO. 1183 of 2017 In R/LETTERS PATENT APPEAL NO. 1355 of 2017 In SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 3582 of 2016 With CIVIL APPLICATION (FOR VACATING INTERIM RELIEF) NO. 1 of 2022
Decided on : 14-02-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : MS SHRUTI PATHAK
For the Respondent: MR KB PUJARA, MR NIKUL K SONI

Headnote:(A) All India Council for Technical Education Act, 1987 - Article 14 of the Constitution of India - Discrimination in pay scales between ad hoc Lecturers appointed before and after May 2008, both sets performing identical work - Equal pay principle invoked - The learned Single Judge directed that ad hoc Lecturers appointed after May 2008 shall receive pay and benefits equivalent to those appointed before - Court affirms equality in treatment as a constitutional mandate, rejecting State's distinctions. (Paras 64-65, 8.1, 8.2, 24, 25)

(B) Employment and Service Law - Appointment Procedures - State not permitted to discriminate against ad hoc and contractual appointees performing similar duties and responsibilities - Principle of equal pay for equal work applied - State ordered to regularize benefits based on eligibility and qualifications through due selection processes. (Paras 21-22)

(C)

Findings of Court:
Writ applicants entitled to arrears for 3 years prior to filing petitions; regularization not mandated, but State directed to consider absorptions as per guidelines laid down in prior decisions. (Paras 26-27)

(D)

Result: State's appeals dismissed and judgment of learned Single Judge confirmed, directing equal treatment for Lecturers.

JUDGMENT :

NISHA M. THAKORE, J.

1. By way of this group of Letters Patent Appeals, original respondents State challenged the CAV Common Judgment dated 07.09.2016 passed by the learned Single Judge (Coram: J.B. Pardiwala, J.) in writ petition being Special Civil Application No.8152 of 2015 and allied matters.

2. Brief facts as emerged from the record are summarized as under:

2.1 The original writ applicants were employed by respondent State on the post of Lecturers on ad hoc and/or contractual basis in the Government Engineering Colleges and Government Diploma Engineering Polytechnics. The aforesaid institutions are governed by All India Council for Technical Education Act, 1987 (hereinafter referred to as “AICTE Act”). Pursuant to the instructions received by the AICTE, the posts of Lecturer in Degree Engineering Colleges has been redesignated as Assistant Professor.

2.2 Since there has been some delay in undertaking the recruitment for the post of Assistant Professor, the State at the relevant point of time decided to fill up by ad hoc appointment against vacant sanctioned posts of Lecturers in the Government Degree Engineering Colleges and Government Diploma Engineering Polytechnics. Such appointments have continued for a period of almost 20 years. It is the case of the writ applicants that the ad hoc Lecturers appointed prior to May, 2008, were given regular pay-scales and all the regular benefits of annual increments, vacation, leave, LTC etc. Their earlier pay-scale Rs.2200-4000, was revised to Rs.8000-275-13500, grade pay of Rs.6000/5400 w.e.f. 01.01.2006. The writ applicants are appointed on ad hoc basis between May, 2008 and February, 2009. It is their case that the writ applicants are only paid basic pay of Rs.8000/- in the pay-scale of Rs.8000-275-13500 and are not being paid other benefits like annual increment, vacations, leave, LTC etc. Thus, it was alleged that the State Government had created classes within the class of ad hoc Lecturers and the writ applicants are discriminated against in spite of doing the same work as done by the ad hoc lecturers and qualified for the posts, the writ applicants were constrained to approach this Court.

2.3 In the case of some of the writ applicants, the State proceeded to issue termination order which led them to file writ application being Special Civil Application No.5797 of 2009, which ultimately came to be decided by the Division Bench in Letters Patel Appeal No.2986 of 2010 by order dated 24.03.2011. While disposing of the aforesaid Letters Patent Appeal, the Division Bench of this Court considering the fact that ad hoc Lecturers were continue since last 10 to 20 years, protected their service by interim order whereby State was directed to fill up all the posts by publishing advertisement by regular appointment and till such posts are filled up by regular appointment, the ad hoc Lecturers were continued to be in service. The Division Bench further held that in case, if the posts are filled up through regular appointment, then the Ad hoc lecturers may be accommodated against some other vacant posts, for which no advertisement is issued. In the case of ad hoc Lecturers whose service were terminated, the Division Bench directed to accommodate them on ad hoc basis against the posts which are not being filled up or advertised. If in case, no posts were vacant to accommodate them, then their service was directed to be terminated. While issuing such direction, Division Bench further clarified that said ad hoc Lecturers shall have no right to continue against any particular post and leave it to make room as and when posts are filled up on regular basis. In view of the directions, the writ applicants and similarly situated ad hoc Lecturers were continued in service on the basis of order which was passed by the Director of Technical Education.

2.4 At the stage of filing the writ petiti

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