IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
DIVYESH A. JOSHI, J.
RAVAT GOVINDBHAI AHIR – Appellant
Versus
THE STATE OF GUJARAT – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 1313 of 2004
Decided On : 03-12-2024
(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 374 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 307 - Appeal against conviction for attempt to murder - Conviction upheld but sentence modified from five years to two years - Incident occurred due to altercation over illegal water usage, leading to a single blow - Lack of intention to kill established. (Paras 26, 27)
(B) Criminal Law - Burden of proof - Prosecution must establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt - Discrepancies in witness testimony noted but did not undermine core prosecution case. (Paras 5, 16)
Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted for inflicting a stick blow on the victim during a dispute over water usage, resulting in severe injury. The incident occurred on 14.10.1996, with FIR registered on the same day. (Paras 1, 2.1)
Findings of Court:
The prosecution successfully proved the charge against the appellant, with consistent witness testimonies supporting the case. The injury was serious and required surgical intervention. (Paras 16, 17)
Issues: Whether the prosecution proved the appellant's intention to kill and the adequacy of the sentence imposed. (Paras 21, 22)
Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the act was not premeditated and constituted an attempt to cause grievous injury rather than murder, thus warranting a reduced sentence. (Paras 25, 26)
Result: Appeal partly allowed; sentence modified to two years. (Paras 26, 27)
JUDGMENT :
DIVYESH A. JOSHI, J.
1. The present appeal is filed by the appellant-original accused under Section 374 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as “Cr.P.C.” for short) challenging the judgment and order of conviction dated 26.07.2004 passed by the learned 2nd Fast Track Judge, Gondal, District Rajkot in Sessions Case No. 4 of 1997, whereby, the appellant has been convicted for the offences under Section 307 of the Indian Penal Code (hereinafter referred to as “IPC” for short) and thereby, sentenced him to undergo five years rigorous imprisonment and fine of Rs.5,000/- in default, to undergo one year rigorous imprisonment.
2. The brief facts leading to filing of the present appeal are as under:
2.2 Pursuant to the registration of the FIR, the investigation had commenced and at the end of day, after conclusion of the investigation, the Investigating Officer concerned had filed chargesheet against the accused before the Court of the learned Magistrate, Gondal at Rajkot.
2.3. Since the case registered against the appellant-accused was exclusively triable by the Court of Sessions, the Learned Magistrate after making inquiry about the suppliance of copies of papers, free of cost to the accused as provided under Section 208 of the Code of Criminal Procedure and upon satisfaction that the accused have engaged own Advocate for defence committed the case to the Court of Session Judge, Rajkot under Section 209 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which came to be registered as Session Case No. 04 of 1997.
2.4 On committal, the case was transferred and placed for trial before the Learned Additional Sessions Judge, Gondal, who had initially framed charge against the accused vide Exh.1 for the alleged offences. The charge was read over and explained to the accused. Plea of the accused came to be recorded vide Exh.2, wherein he pleaded not guilty to the charge and claimed to be tried.
2.5 Thereafter in order to bring home the charges leveled against the appellant-accused, the prosecution has examined 15 prosecution witnesses and also produced 15 documentary evidences, relevant details of which are mentioned in the impugned order.
2.6 After recording of the evidence of the prosecution witnesses was over, the learned Sessions Court explained to the accused the circumstances appearing against him in the evidence of the prosecution witnesses and recorded his further statement under Section 313 of the Crimi
Bashirkhan @ Babukhan Mohammadkhan Pathan Vs. State of Gujarat
Panchram vs. State of Chattisgarh & Another
The court modified the appellant's sentence from five years to two years for attempt to murder, finding no premeditation and establishing the act as one of sudden provocation.
The judgment establishes that minor discrepancies in witness testimonies, which do not materially affect the case, cannot be the basis for doubting the prosecution's case.
The court clarified that a conviction for attempted murder requires clear evidence of intent, which was lacking, thus warranting a lesser charge.
Murder conviction quashed for lack of proof that specific appellants inflicted fatal blow; eyewitness contradictions, medical evidence allowing death by fall, parity with acquitted co-accused, and un....
The court emphasized that when reasonable doubt exists regarding a prosecution's case, it must favor the accused, leading to acquittal.
The court clarified that for a conviction under section 307 IPC, there must be clear evidence of intent to kill, which was not established in this case.
The intent to commit murder must be proven beyond reasonable doubt, and in this case, it was established that the act fell under grievous hurt.
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