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2024 Supreme(Gau) 1206

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI, ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH
MANISH CHOUDHURY, MITALI THAKURIA, JJ.
SAHID AHMED @ SOID AHMED S/O ALA UDDIN – Appellant
Versus
THE STATE OF ASSAM – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 431 of 2017
Decided On : 05-09-2024

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : H.R.A. CHOUDHURY, A. AHMED.
For the Respondents: B. BHUYAN, R. DAS.

The court held that a conviction for sexual assault requires consistent and credible evidence from the victim, with any substantial doubt benefiting the accused.

Headnote:(A) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 374(2) - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 458, 352, 376D - Criminal appeal challenging conviction by the trial court for gang rape and related charges - Trial court found accused guilty and sentenced each to 27 years for 376D - Court found inconsistencies in the victim's testimony and absence of corroborative medical evidence, leading to doubts in the prosecution case. (Paras 38, 41, 42)

(B) Jurisprudence - The evidence of a prosecutrix in rape cases is credible unless proven unreliable through substantial inconsistencies or lack of supporting evidence. (Paras 24, 41)

Facts of the case:
The appellants were convicted for the rape of a married woman, occurring during her husband's absence. The victim's testimony and the circumstances surrounding the incident were scrutinized.

Findings of Court:
The court found the prosecution failed to establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt, leading to questions about the credibility of witness statements and vital evidence.

Issues: Whether the prosecution's evidence, particularly the sole testimony of the prosecutrix, could sustain a conviction in light of inconsistencies and lack of corroboration.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that a conviction in sexual assault cases must have credible, consistent evidence and that the benefit of doubt must go to the accused when inconsistencies arise.

Result: Conviction set aside; accused-appellants released from custody.

Table of Content
1. factual basis of the case. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. chronology of investigative steps. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. summary of trial process and testimonies. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
4. defender argues inconsistencies in testimonies. (Para 11)
5. prosecution stands firm on trial court findings. (Para 12)
6. analysis of prosecutrix's testimony. (Para 13 , 14)
7. evaluation of evidence post-incident delay. (Para 24 , 25 , 26)
8. serious doubts raised over medical evidence. (Para 27 , 28 , 29)
9. credibility of eyewitnesses is analyzed. (Para 30 , 31)
10. questioning the reliability of witness testimonies. (Para 32 , 33)
11. discussion on the implications of child witnesses. (Para 34 , 35 , 36)
12. observations on the timing of report filing. (Para 37 , 38)
13. conclusion drawn from inconsistencies. (Para 39 , 40 , 41)
14. final judgment not sustainable. (Para 42)
15. release of appellants ordered. (Para 43 , 44)

JUDGMENT :

MANISH CHOUDHURY, J.

1. The present criminal appeal under Section 374(2), Code of Criminal Procedure [Cr.P.C.] 1973 [‘the Code’ or ‘the Cr.P.C.’ for short] is preferred by the two appellants by taking exception to a Judgment and Order dated 11.09.2017 passed by the Court of learned Sessions Judge, Karimganj [‘the trial court’ for short] in Sessions Case no. 16 of 2017. In the trial before the learned Sessions Judge, Karimganj, the two accused-appellants:

    (i) Sahid Ahmed @ Soid Ahmed [hereinafter also referred to as ‘A-1’ at places, for easy reference] and [ii] Saddam Hussain @ Sadu @ Amir Hussain [hereinafter also referred to as ‘A-2’ at places, for easy reference], faced the charges for the offences described under Section 458, Section 352, and Section 376D of the Indian Penal Code [IPC]. After the trial, the learned trial court found both the accused persons, A-1 and A-2 guilty of the offences under Section 458, Section 352 and Section 376D, IPC read with Section 34, IPC.

2. For the offence under Section 376D, IPC read with Section 34 , IPC, the accused-appellants have been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 27 [twenty-seven] years each and to pay a fine of Rs. 20,000/- each, in default of payment of fine, to undergo further rigorous imprisonment for 5 [five] months each. For the offence under Section 458 , IPC read with Section 34 , IPC, the accused-appellants have been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 10 [ten] years each and to pay a fine of Rs. 5,000/- each, in default of payment of fine, to undergo further rigorous imprisonment for 3 [three] months each. For having committed the offence under Section 352 , IPC read with Section 34 , IPC, the accused-appellants have been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for 3 [three] months each and to pay a fine of Rs. 500/- each, in default of payment of fine, further rigorous imprisonment for 7 [seven] days each. The learned trial court has observed that all the sentences are to run concurrently. The learned trial court has further observed that if the fine amounts are realized, then the same shall be paid to the victim.

3. The case, Sessions Case no. 16 of 2017 arose out of Karimganj Police Station Case no. 08 of 2017 and corresponding G.R. Case No. 20/2017. The initiation of investigation of the case, Karimganj Police Station Case no. 08 of 2017 was commenced after registration of a First Information Report [FIR] before the Officer In-Charge, Karimganj Police Station on 04.01.2017 in respect of an alleged incident of forcible penetrative sexual assault occurred in the wee hours of 01.01.2017.

4. From the materials on record and the testimonies of the prosecution witnesses including the testimony of the Investigating Officer [PW-8], the manner in which the investigation progressed and the charge-sheet came to be submitted against the accused persons can be narrated, at first.

5. On 02.01.2017, the husband [PW-3] of the prosecutrix lodged a complaint before the Court of learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Karimganj naming the two accused persons herein

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