JUDGMENT :

Amit Rawal, J.

The question involved in all the intra-court appeals preferred against the common judgment rendered in four writ petitions preferred by former President, Vice President of erstwhile Malappuram District Co-operative Bank and 93 individuals stated to be the Presidents of Primary Agricultural Credit Societies and Urban Co-operative Banks whereby all the petitioners were not successful in laying challenge to the constitutional validity of Section 14A of Kerala Co-operative Societies Act, 1969 (hereinafter called as 'Act, 1969'), Section 74H(1)(a) of the Act, 1969 and order passed by the Registrar, Co-operative Societies dated 12th of January, 2023 ordering amalgamation of Malappuram District Co-operative Bank with Kerala State Co-operative Bank.

2. The arguments raised in all the afore-mentioned writ petitions, which have been extensively dealt with by the Single Judge, were with regard to the Entry Nos.43, 45 of List-I and 32 of List-II of the 7th Schedule of the Constitution of India as well as amended provisions of Section 44A of the Indian Banking Regulation Act, 1949 effective from 26th of June, 2020. In other words, the pith and substance of the claim in