HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
Pushpendra Singh Bhati, J.
Smt. Sushila – Appellant
Versus
State & Ors. – Respondents
S.B. Criminal Revision Petition No. 387 of 2010
Decided On : 11-05-2022
JURISDICTION - Domestic Violence - The court held that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or being driven away from the matrimonial home have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offenses under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code, based on the factual situation.
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner sought to challenge the denial of jurisdiction by the revisional court, citing the precedent set by the Hon'ble Apex Court in Rupali Devi Vs. State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors.
Finding of the Court:
The court quashed the impugned order and restored the previous order, emphasizing that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving the matrimonial home have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint, based on the precedent law.
Issues: Jurisdiction denial based on the location of the cause of action and the difficulty of the respondent-husband, a Navy personnel, to appear in court.
Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was influenced by the interpretation of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act and Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code, which led to the conclusion that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint.
Final Decision: The impugned order was quashed and set aside, and the previous order was restored in favor of the petitioner.
ORDER
1. Counsel for the petitioner submits that jurisdiction has been denied by learned revisional court on the ground that the cause of action arose in Mumbai, whereas Hon'ble Apex Court in Rupali Devi Vs. State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors., reported in 2019 Cr. L.R. (SC) 429 has held that a woman has access to the legal process within the jurisdiction of the courts where she is forced to take shelter with the parents or other family members. The relevant para of the judgment is quoted as follows :-
'15. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, as the object behind its enactment would indicate, is to provide a civil remedy to victims of domestic violence as against the remedy in criminal law which is what is provided Under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code. The definition of the Domestic Violence in the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 contemplates harm or injuries that endanger the health, safety, life, limb or well-being, whether mental or physical, as well as emotional abuse. The said definition would certainly, for reasons stated above, have a close connection with Explanation A & B to Section 498A, Indian Penal Code which defines cruelty. The provisions contained in Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code, undoubtedly, encompasses both mental as well as the physical well-being of the wife. Even the silence of the wife may have an underlying element of an emotional distress and mental agony. Her sufferings at the parental home though may be directly attributable to commission of acts of cruelty by the husband at the matrimonial home would, undoubtedly, be the consequences of the acts committed at the matrimonial home. Such consequences, by itself, would amount to distinct offences committed at the parental home where she has taken shelter. The adverse effects on the mental health in the parental home though on account of the acts committed in the matrimonial home would, in our considered view, amount to commission of cruelty within the meaning of Section 498A at the parental home. The consequences of the cruelty committed at the matrimonial home results in repeated offences being committed at the parental home. This is the kind of offences contemplated Under Section 179 Code of Criminal Procedure which would squarely be applicable to the present case as an answer to the question raised.
16. We, therefore, hold that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or driven away from the matrimonial home on account of acts of cruelty committed by the husband or his relatives, would, dependent on the factual situation, also have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offences Under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code.
17. All the appeals are disposed of in terms of the above.'
2. Counsel for the respondent submits that the respondent- husband is a Navy personnel and his coming to Sangaria court would be difficult, therefore, in the interest of justice jurisdiction at Mumbai be maintained.
3. The precedent law relied upon by counsel for the petitioner is covering the issue as Hon'ble Apex Court in Rupali Devi (supra) has held that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or driven away from the matrimonial home have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint.
4. Thus, in light of aforesaid precedent law, the impugned order dated 30.03.2010 is quashed and set aside and the order dated 22.01.2009 passed in Criminal Regular Case No.137/08 (State Vs. Rajesh Kumar & Ors.) is restored.
Courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving the matrimonial home due to acts of cruelty have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offences under Section 498....
The court affirmed that jurisdiction for criminal proceedings can extend beyond the locality of the offense if the offense is continuing or has consequences in another jurisdiction.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving the matrimonial home due to acts of cruelty would have jurisdiction to ente....
The proceedings initiated under the D.V. Act are of a civil nature and not criminal, and therefore, the provisions of Section 188 of the Cr.P.C. regarding sanction for inquiry into or trial of offenc....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or being driven away from the matrimonial home on account of acts of cruelt....
Acts of cruelty and sexual assault may be interconnected, allowing jurisdiction where the victim takes refuge post-marriage, reinforcing that psychological impacts persist beyond the matrimonial home....
The jurisdiction for an offence under S.498A IPC can exist where the consequences of cruelty are experienced, regardless of the initial place of occurrence.
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