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2023 Supreme(Raj) 377

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
MADAN GOPAL VYAS, J.
Sahib Singh since deceased through LR's – Appellants
Versus
Mala Singh, S/o. Kartar Singh – Respondent
S.B. Civil First Appeal No. 4 Of 1997
Decided On : 22-02-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Mr. J.L. Purohit, Sr. Adv., Assisted by Mr. Shashank Purohit.
For the Respondent: Mr. S.L. Jain, Mr. Abhinav Jain.

A contract for the sale of land can be enforced by specific performance even if it is not in writing, if the plaintiff has performed his part of the contract.

Headnote:

PART PERFORMANCE - SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE - SECTION 53A OF THE TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT, 1882 - INTERPRETATION - COURT HELD THAT THE PLAINTIFF WAS ENTITLED TO SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE OF THE CONTRACT FOR SALE OF LAND, DESPITE THE FACT THAT THE CONTRACT WAS NOT IN WRITING, AS THE PLAINTIFF HAD PERFORMED HIS PART OF THE CONTRACT BY PAYING THE PURCHASE PRICE AND TAKING POSSESSION OF THE LAND.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiff, Smt. Chand Rani, entered into an oral agreement with the defendant, Smt. Kamal Rani, for the sale of a piece of land. The plaintiff paid the purchase price and took possession of the land. However, the defendant refused to execute a written deed of conveyance. The plaintiff filed a suit for specific performance of the contract.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the plaintiff was entitled to specific performance of the contract. The court relied on Section 53A of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, which provides that a contract for the sale of land can be enforced by specific performance even if it is not in writing, if the plaintiff has performed his part of the contract.

Issues: Whether the plaintiff was entitled to specific performance of the contract for sale of land, despite the fact that the contract was not in writing.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the plaintiff was entitled to specific performance of the contract because: * The plaintiff had performed his part of the contract by paying the purchase price and taking possession of the land. * The defendant had refused to execute a written deed of conveyance. * The court relied on Section 53A of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, which provides that a contract for the sale of land can be enforced by specific performance even if it is not in writing, if the plaintiff has performed his part of the contract.

Final Decision: The court decreed specific performance of the contract. The defendant was ordered to execute a written deed of conveyance of the land to the plaintiff.

JUDGMENT :

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2- bl vihy ds fuLrkj.k gsrq izdj.k ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gSa fd oknh us fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k fnukad 07-02-1992 dks lafonk dh fofufnZ"V vuqikyuk dk nkok izLrqr dj fuosnu fd;k fd fnukad 14-12-1985 dks izfroknh us 5 ch?kk ugjh Hkwfe ds foØ; dk lkSnk #i;s 35]000@& esa djds #i;s 10]000@& izkIr dj bdjkjukek oknh ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr dj iz'uxr Hkwfe dk dCtk oknh dks lkSai fn;kA ;g Hkh r; fd;k fd #i;s 15]000@& oknh] izfroknh dks fnukad 13-01-1986 dks nsxk vkSj izfroknh eatwjh ysdj] vius [kpsZ ij oknh dks ,d ekg dk uksfVl nsdj] cdk;k jkf'k izkIr dj jftLVªh djok nsxkA rRi'pkr fnukad 15-01-1986 dks oknh us izfroknh dks #i;s 10]000@& vnk fd;s] ftldh izfof"V bdjkjukek dh iq'r ij dh xbZ vkSj iz'uxr Hkwfe dk dCtk e; ikuh izfroknh dks ekSdk cSlk[kh ns fn;kA jtkeUnh ls fnukad 03-06-1986 dks oknh us izfroknh dks #i;s 5]000@& vnk fd,A bl izdkj oknh us izfroknh dks #i;s 25]000@& vnk fd, vkSj cdk;k jkf'k jftLVªh ds le; nsuk r; gqvkA oknh foØ; i= iathc) djokus ds fy, rS;kj Fkk vkSj vc Hkh rS;kj gSA
var esa fuosnu fd;k fd nkok oknh fMØh fd;k tkdj izfroknh dks vkns'k fn;k tk, fd og #i;s 10]000@& izkIr dj foØ; i= oknh ds i{k esa fu"ikfnr o iathc) djok,A
3- izfroknh us tokcnkok izLrqr dj okni= esa vafdr rF;ksa dks vLohdkj djrs gq, ;g O;Dr fd;k fd izfroknh us oknh ds i{k esa dHkh dksbZ bdjkjukek fu"ikfnr ugha fd;k] cfYd tehu fgLls ij nh Fkh] ftl ij oknh us dCtk dj fy;kA izfroknh dks fdlh izdkj ls iz'uxr Hkwfe foØ; djus dk vf/kdkj ugha FkkA iz'uxr Hkwfe la;qDr fgUnw ifjokj dh vfoHkkftr laifÙk gSA izfroknh us oknh dks iz'uxr Hkwfe nks lky ds fy, fgLls ij dkLr djus ds fy, nh Fkh vkSj oknh u iz'uxr Hkwfe ij uktk;t rkSj ij dCtk dj fy;k gSA fgLLks ij nsus dh fy[kkiढ+h dh vkM+ esa oknh us feyhHkxr dj dfFkr foØ; vuqca/k cuk fy;k gSA tehu gM+ius ds fy, oknh us ;g nkok xyr rkSj ij fd;k gSA dfFkr bdjkjukek lkft'k ls cuk;k gqvk gSA oknh iz'uxr Hkwfe ij vfrØeh gSA oknh dks dksbZ fcuk; nkok gkfly ugha gqvk gSA oknh dksbZ vuqrks"k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA izfroknh us mtjkr ethn esa ;g O;Dr fd;k gS fd fookfnr Hkwfe izfroknh ds nknk >.Mkflag dks Hkkjr ljdkj ds lsVyesaV foHkkx ls vykWV gqbZ rFkk ;g la;qDr fganw ifjokj dh vfoHkkftr laifÙk gSA izfroknh dks fdlh izdkj ls iw.kZ [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj izkIr ugha gSA fookfnr Hkwfe esa izfroknh ds cPpksa dk gd fgLlk gSA cPps ukckfyx gSaA nkok oknh fe;kn ckgj gSA oknh bdjkjukes dh 'krksZa dh ikyuk djus ds fy, bPNqd o rRij ugha jgk gSA oknh us dHkh dksbZ uksfVl ugha fn;kA var esa tokcnkok izLrqr dj fuosnu fd;k fd nkok e; [kpkZ [kkfjt fd;k tkosA
4- i{kdkjksa ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fnukad 22-03-1993 dks fuEufyf[kr fook|d fojfpr fd;s x;s %&

    Þ¼1½ D;k izfroknh us rkjh[k 14@12@85 dks viuh eydh;rh vkjkth 5 ch?kk eqjck uaŒ 22@12 fdyk uaŒ 6] 15] 16] 17 o 25 okdk pd 1 lh cMh dk lkSnk cS; oknh ds lkFk dqy 35]000@& esa djds bZdjkjukek cS; cgd oknh] 10]000@& lkbZ ysdj rgjhj o rdehy djkdj dCtk vkjkth oknh dks ns fn;k \ ------ ihŒ
    ¼2½ D;k rkjh[k 15@1@86 dks oknh us izfroknh dks mDr vkjkth dh dher isVs 10]000@& vnk fd;k ftldk bUnzkt bdjkjukek fnukad 14@12@85 dh iq'r ij fd;k x;k \ ---ihŒ
    ¼3½ D;k rkŒ 3@6@86 dks oknh us izfroknh dks 5]000@& vkSj vnk fd;k vkSj izfroknh us mijksDr lkSnk cS; dh ikVZ ijQkjesUl


Part Performance esa ethn bdjkj cS; oknh ds gd esa rgjhj o rdehy djk;k vkSj uksVsjh ls rLnhd djk fn;k \ ---ihŒ
¼4½ D;k bdjkjukek tkr eukrs nkok dh 'kjk;r dh ikyuk djus okLrs oknh rS;kj jgk gSA izfroknh us ikyuk ugha dh oknh LisflfQd ijQkjesUl dh fMxjh dk vf/kdkjh gS \ ---ihŒ
¼5½ D;k nkok oknh fe;kn ls ckgj gS \ ---MhŒ
¼6½ D;k vkjkth eqrnkfo;k izfroknh o mlds ifjokj dh tn~nh tk;nkn gS vkSj bldk nkok ij D;k vlj gS \ --
















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