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2023 Supreme(Raj) 1819

IN THE HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN
ARUN BHANSALI, ASHOK KUMAR JAIN, JJ.
M/s. Chandni Crafts - Petitioner
Versus
Union of India and Others - Respondents
D.B. Civil Writ Petition No. 5460 of 2020
Decided On : 17-01-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioners: Mr. Anjay Kothari, Mr. Mukesh Gurjar and Mr. Amit Sharma.
For the Respondent: Mr. Kuldeep Vaishnav.

Headnote:(A) Central Goods and Service Tax Act, 2017 - Section 54(3) - Rules of Natural Justice - Petitioner sought refund of input tax credit for exports, which was rejected by lower authorities without providing opportunity to be heard - Appellate authority observed that while natural justice was followed in the appeal, it noted violation at the original stage - Court emphasized that a breach of natural justice at the first instance cannot be cured at the appellate stage. (Paras 8.1, 10, 17, 19)

(B) Refund procedure - Rule 92(3) of CGST Rules mandates providing opportunity of hearing before rejecting a refund claim - The failure to do so rendered the original and appellate orders unsustainable. (Paras 11-20)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner filed for refund of accumulated input tax credit for exports amounting to Rs.6,07,553/- and Rs.8,78,605/-, which were partially sanctioned but later rejected without hearing.

Findings of Court:
The court found that natural justice was not followed by the adjudicating authority, leading to the quashing of the rejection orders.

Issues: Whether the failure of the authority to provide an opportunity for hearing invalidated the refund orders and if natural justice was adequately fulfilled in appeal.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the violation of natural justice by the original authority could not be rectified by processes followed at the appellate stage, mandating adherence to the principles legislated in Rule 92(3).

Result: Writ petition allowed; rejection orders quashed and remanded for reconsideration.

Table of Content
1. petitioner's refund claim details and rejection. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. arguments regarding violation of natural justice. (Para 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
3. court's analysis on adherence to natural justice. (Para 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
4. principle that lower authority's failures can't be cured by appellate hearings. (Para 16 , 18)
5. outcome: writ petition allowed, orders quashed. (Para 20 , 21)

ORDER :

Arun Bhansali, J.

This writ petition has been filed by the petitioner aggrieved against the orders dated 29.10.2018 (Annex.2) passed by the Assistant Commissioner, Central Goods and Service Tax, Division-A, Jodhpur and order dated 15.01.2020 (Annex.3) passed by the Commissioner of Central Excise (Appeals) rejecting the appeal filed by the petitioner.

2. It is, inter-alia, indicated in the petition that the petitioner claimed refund of accumulated input tax credit on account of export of goods under letter of undertaking in terms of the provisions of Section 54 (3) of the Central Goods and Service Tax Act, 2017 ('CGST Act') amounting to Rs.6,07,553/- and Rs.8,78,605/- for the months of July, 2017 and August, 2017. The Assistant Commissioner issued provisional refund order dated 26.09.2018, partially sanctioning refund claims to the petitioner and rejecting the refund claim for the Integrated Goods and Service Tax ('IGST') and Central Goods and Service Tax ('CGST'). Where-after, the refund sanction / rejection orders dated 29.10.2018 (Annex.2) were passed, inter-alia, rejecting the claims of the petitioner.

3. Feeling aggrieved, the petitioner filed appeal before the Commissioner (Appeals), who by order dated 15.01.2020 (Annex.3), rejected the appeal filed by the petitioner.

4. It is submitted by learned counsel for the petitioner with reference to provisions of Section 54 (3) of the CGST Act and Rule 92 of the CGST Rules that the refund could not have been rejected by the authority without providing opportunity of hearing, inasmuch as, the provisions of Rule 92(3) envisage issuance of notice in Form GST RFD-08 requiring the applicant to furnish a reply in Form GST RFD-09 and after considering the reply, order can be made in Form GST RFD-06 and that no application for refund shall be rejected without giving the applicant an opportunity of being heard. However, the said provision was violated by the authority.

5. The appellate authority by its impugned order on the issue of violation of the principles of natural justice though held in favour of the petitioner, by observing that the natural justice has been duly followed during the appeal proceedings and the case is heard on the basis of merits, rejected the appeal.

6. It is submitted that the action is contrary to the provisions of the Rules and the orders having been passed in violation of principle of natural justice deserves to be set-aside.

7. Reliance has been placed on World Home Textiles Inc v. Additional Commissioner (Appeals) and Anr. : 2020 SCC Online Mad 25916.

8. Learned counsel for the respondents vehemently opposed the submissions. It was submitted that the plea raised by the petitioner seeking refund had no substance and therefore, both the authorities were justified in rejecting the claim of the petitioner for grant of refund and therefore, the order impugned does not call for any interference.

9. It was submitted that as the appellate authority has considered all the issues sought to be raised by the petitioner, merely because the original authority did not provide opportunity of hearing to the petitioner, cannot be a reason for questioning the validity of the orders on the said count alone and therefore, the petition deserves dismissal.

10. We have considered the submissions made by learned counsel for the parties and have perused the material available on record.

11. The provisions of Rule 92(3) of the CGST Rules, which deals with order sanctioning refund, inter-alia, provides as under:-

    "Rule 92. Order sanctioning refund.-

    (3)- Where the proper officer is sa

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